英语复习指南-第19章
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ewed up在此作定语,修饰rabbit) rabbit into his house and gives it a bath; blowdries (blowdries为复合动词) its fur and puts the rabbit back into the cage at the neighbor’s house; hoping (hoping为现在分词结构,充当整句的状语成份。在此省略了引导宾语从句的连词that) they will think(在此省略了宾语从句连词that) it died of natural causes。 (52 words)
19。【译文】对火星的探索,科学的利害关系引起了比以往都高的争议。关于火星上是否曾存在生命的问题,是否生命尚存活的问题,都得到了强调——一方面因为已经有大量的证据证明火星曾经拥有稳定的液态水,另一方面因为人们就关于陨石从火星带到地球上的细菌提出的各种说法继续持有争议。不论是过去或现在,对火星上是否存在生命这一问题的更富总结性的回答给研究者们提供了珍贵的资料,以研究在何种条件范围内一颗行星能够产生复杂的使生命存在的化学条件。(注意同位语从句的识别。)
【分析】The issue (issue为句子主句的主语) of whether life ever existed on the planet; and (and连接两个whether结构,充当介词of的宾语从句) whether it (代词it复指前面的life) persists to this day; has been highlighted (has been highlighted为主句的谓语) by mounting evidence that (that引出evidence的同位语从句) the Red Planet once had abundant stable; liquid water and (and连接前面的by mounting evidence与后面的by the continuing controversy成为平行结构,作谓语动词的状语) by the continuing controversy over suggestions that (that引出suggestions的同位语从句) the bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars。 (51 words)
20。【译文】因特网音乐资源并非是一个浮华的网址,而只是五六页的文本链接。但是由于拥有总共将近2000个站址链接,对于你在网上寻找音乐信息,它确是一个好网址。音乐资源首先注重于西方古典音乐,但是也为几乎所有人准备了他们所感兴趣的东西。这些分析有,介绍你从未听说过的乐队(和你所钟爱的乐队)的乐迷主页、各唱片公司的网址、音乐学术文章、世界各地的精彩乐器介绍,以及你所喜爱的爵士乐队的唱片目录等等。如果音乐资源站址能再增加一个网上寻找功能,那么它将无与伦比。进入因特网音乐资源的路径:http: //music。indiana。edu/musicresources/ (注意本段中对出现的许多复数名词的译法。此外冒号往往表现一种“一般——特殊”型的模式。)
【分析】Music Resources focuses primarily on Western classical music; but the site has something for almost everyone: (冒号引出同位语结构) fan pages for bands you have never heard of (作bands的定语) (and for bands you love); record company web sites; scholarly papers; cool instruments from all over the world; discographies of your favorite jazz musicians。 (49 words)
21。【译文】虽然这些使命蕴涵着商业和政治军事的必然性,但这些探险者们探索了科学家们从未去过的地方,并对科学做出了很大的贡献。现在火星可能将会成为人类下一个未探明之地。虽然人们对探访火星能否在短期内带来经济利益表示怀疑,但随着人们对冷战记忆的逐渐模糊以及在大型太空探险中更加注重国际合作的情况下,除了利益和民族观念,人类显然有别的动机去探索火星那颗红色的星球,并留下自己的足迹。(注意3个介词短语充当主句的状语成份。)
【分析】And with (介词短语作状语) doubtful prospects for a shortterm financial return; with (独立主格结构,作状语) the cold war rapidly fading memory and amid (介词短语作状语) a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures; it (引出主语从句) is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet’s reddish surface。 (53 words)
22。【译文】1995年4月,美、英、苏、法在日内瓦举行首脑会议。这次会议的一个重要议题是核武器的核查问题。美、英、法三国采取了相同的立场,共同主张对核武器实行某种核查。而苏联明确表示,反对任何核查规定,认为这种规定实际是侵犯他们的主权,因此绝对不能接受。(注意两个现在分词结构的翻译,以及形式宾语的处理。)
【分析】The US; Britain and France adopted a common stand; agreeing to (现在分词短语作伴随状语) certain stipulations on inspection of nuclear weapons; but the Soviet Union made it (代词的预指,指代后面that从句的内容) clear that they were opposed to stipulations of any sort on nuclear weapons inspection (nuclear weapons inspection为复合名词结构); regarding (regarding现在分词短语作伴随状语) them (代词them指代前面的复数名词stipulations) as virtually a violation of their sovereignty and therefore totally unacceptable。 (51 words)
23。【译文】而营销注重的是顾客的需求。首先分析顾客的偏好和需求,再来生产满足顾客的商品。这种着眼于顾客的策略就称之为营销概念,简单地说就是生产商和经销商不是旨在生产或出售最容易生产或转卖的产品,而是首先努力获悉顾客的需要,然后再生产可以买到的商品。(注意本句中的连接词较多,应识别其功能和具体翻译的处理方法。)
【分析】This eyeontheconsumer approach is known as the marketing concept; which (which引出非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的concept) simply means that (连词that引出means的宾语从句) instead of trying to sell whatever (连词whatever引出sell的宾语从句) is easiest to produce or buy for resale; (此后为动词means的宾语从句部分) the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and (连词and连接endeavor和go两个动词) then go about making it available for purchase (51 words)
24。【译文】生活在继续进行。在12月那碧空如洗、阳光普照的一天,新房子破土动工了。孩子们已经能够站起来了。为了纪念这个时刻,他们每人得到一把镀金的小铁锹。很多朋友和邻居都来到现场。斯温斯博罗的市长将大家的感受概括为:“我们希望这些孩子长大之后,他们看到这栋房子时会明白他们的父亲得到了所有熟人的尊重和羡慕。”(本句中代词的使用较为频繁,注意搞清其指代关系。)
【分析】Many friends and neighbors were there; and the mayor of Swainsboro put our feelings into words (此处put与into构成搭配): “We hope that (连词that引导宾语从句) when these babies are grown; they will look at this house and understand how (连词how引导动词understand的宾语从句) much their father was respected and admired by everyone who (连词who引导限制性定语从句,修饰everyone) knew him。” (45 words)
25。【译文】事实上,社会利用了我们情感的反应和态度,比如忠诚感、道德感、自豪感、羞耻感、负疚感、恐惧感、贪婪,来保持其自身的存在。社会给那些从事重要工作的人,比如外科医生,予高薪报酬。把那些从事特殊或危险工作的人塑造为英雄。此外利用民法和刑法法规使人们不敢从事反社会的活动。(注意英语中后置定语在翻译时的处理问题。)
【分析】It gives high rewards to individuals who (连词who引导限制性定语从句,修饰individuals) perform important tasks such as surgery; makes (为主语it的第二个谓语动词) heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war; and uses (为主语it的第三个谓语动词) the legal and penal system to make people afraid (形容词afraid作为后置定语修饰中心词people) to engage in antisocial acts。 (47 words)
26。【译文】这片位于协和广场以西的广阔区域原是片沼泽地。经过填筑后,于1667年被建成一条宽敞的大街,名叫“林荫大道”。大街从杜伊勒利公园起始延伸至戴高乐广场,起点标志是马尔利战马。从这里延至大街的“圆点”(圆形大喷池所在)有一公园依傍在大街一侧。在第二帝国时期,这里是全巴黎最时髦的聚会地方和上流社会的居住区。如今,香榭丽舍大街不再拥有曾有的贵族风格,但其妩媚和优雅不逊于当年。豪华商店、剧院、著名餐馆和大的航空公司办事处林立大街两侧。两侧宽阔的人行道上挤满了巴黎人、观光者和来自世界各地的人们。(注意line一词在句中作动词使用,不要造成理解的错误。)
【分析】Today it may no longer have its onetime aristocratic character; but it has lost nothing of its beauty and elegance; luxurious shops; theatres; famous restaurants and important airline offices line (注意line为动词使用,作谓语) its wide footpaths; which (连词which为非限制性定语从句,前置词为footpaths) are always full of Parisians; tourists and a cosmopolitan throng。 (44 words)
27。【译文】诚然,我们会关注事物的长度、形状、尺寸或构成,但一个物体的物质方面比起它带给我们的感受或能够带给我们的感受来说,要无足轻重得多——比如伤害我们,让我们觉得惊奇,使我们生气或让我们愉悦。我们使用的分类方法要受家庭情感、地区情感和整个社会的情感的影响。与事物的情感经历使我们产生了一种社会认同感,即认为某些事情或行为是“好的”,其他事情是“坏的”。我们把“好”和“坏”的分类推而广之,运用于社会生活的各个方面——从我们吃的、穿的到怎样守信以及与什么人为伍。(注意倒装结构的识别和翻译。)
【分析】Out of (从out of至objects and events为介词短语) our emotional experiences with objects and events comes (comes为谓语动词,主语是a social feeling。本分句为全部倒装结构) a social feeling of agreement that (连词that引导feeling of agreement的同位语) certain things and actions are “good” and others are “bad”