bird neighbors-第17章
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arch。 How eggs are ever hatched at all in a temperature calculated to freeze any sitting bird stiff； is one of the mysteries of the woods。 And yet four or five fluffy little jays； that look as if they were dressed in gray fur； emerge from the eggs before the spring sunshine has unbound the icy rivers or melted the snowdrifts piled high around the evergreens。
CATBIRD （Galcoscoptes carolinensis ） Mocking…bird family
Called also： BLACK…CAPPED THRUSH； ＇GRAY CATBIRD； AOU 1998＇
Length 9 inches。 An inch shorter than the robin。 Male and Female Dark slate above； below somewhat paler； top of head black。 Distinct chestnut patch under the tail； which is black； feet and bill black also。 Wings short； more than two inches shorter than the tail。 Range British provinces to Mexico； west to Rocky Mountains； to Pacific coast。 Winters in Southern States； Central America； and Cuba。 Migrations May。 November。 Common summer resident；
Our familiar catbird； of all the feathered tribe； presents the most contrary characteristics； and is therefore held in varied estimation loved； admired； ridiculed； abused。 He is the veriest 〃Dr。 Jekyll and Mr。 Hyde〃 of birds。 Exquisitely proportioned； with finely poised black head and satin…gray coat； which he bathes most carefully and prunes and prinks by the hour； he appears from his toilet a Beau Brummell； an aristocratic…looking； even dandified neighbor。 Suddenly； as if shot； he drops head and tail and assumes the most hang…dog air； without the least sign of self…respect； then crouches and lengthens into a roll； head forward and tail straightened； till he looks like a little； short gray snake； lank and limp。 Anon； with a jerk and a sprint； every muscle tense； tail erect； eyes snapping； he darts into the air intent upon some well…planned mischief。 It is impossible to describe his various attitudes or moods。 In song and call he presents the same opposite characteristics。 How such a bird； exquisite in style； can demean himself to utter such harsh； altogether hateful catcalls and squawks as have given the bird his common name； is a wonder when in the next moment his throat swells and beginning phut…phut…coquillicot； he gives forth a long glorious song； only second to that of the wood thrush in melody。 He is a jester； a caricaturist； a mocking…bird。
The catbird's nest is like a veritable scrap…basket； loosely woven of coarse twigs； bits of newspaper； scraps； and rags； till this rough exterior is softly lined and made fit to receive the four to six pretty dark green…blue eggs to be laid therein。
As a fruit thief harsh epithets are showered upon the friendly； confiding little creature at our doors； but surely his depredations may be pardoned； for he is industrious at all times and unusually adroit in catching insects； especially in the moth stage。
THE MOCKING…BIRD （Mimus polyglottus） Mocking…bird family
＇Called also： NORTHERN MOCKINGBIRD； AOU 1998＇
Length 9 to 10 inches。 About the size of the robin。 Male and Female Gray above； wings and wedge…shaped； tail brownish； upper wing feathers tipped with white； outer tail quills white； conspicuous in flight； chin white； underneath light gray； shading to whitish。 Range Peculiar to torrid and temperate zones of two Americas。 Migrations No fixed migrations： usually resident where seen。
North of Delaware this commonest of Southern birds is all too rarely seen outside of cages； yet even in midwinter it is not unknown in Central Park； New York。 This is the angel that it is said the catbird was before he fell from grace。 Slim； neat； graceful； imitative； amusing； with a rich； tender song that only the thrush can hope to rival； and with an instinctive preference for the society of man； it is little wonder he is a favorite； caged or free。 He is a most devoted parent； too； when the four or six speckled green eggs have produced as many mouths to be supplied with insects and berries。
In the Connecticut Valley； where many mocking…birds' nests have been found； year after year； they are all seen near the ground； and without exception are loosely； poorly constructed affairs of leaves； feathers； grass； and even rags。
With all his virtues； it must be added； however； that this charming bird is a sad tease。 'There is no sound； whether made by bird or beast about him； that he cannot imitate so clearly as to deceive every one but himself。 Very rarely can you find a mocking…bird without intelligence and mischief enough to appreciate his ventriloquism。 In Sidney Lanier's college note…book was found written this reflection： 〃A poet is the mocking…bird of the spiritual universe。 In him are collected all the individual songs of all individual natures。〃 Later in life； with the same thought in mind； he referred to the bird as 〃yon slim Shakespeare on the tree。〃 His exquisite stanzas； 〃To Our Mocking…bird；〃 exalt the singer with the immortals：
〃Trillets of humor； shrewdest whistle wit Contralto cadences of grave desire； Such as from off the passionate Indian pyre Drift down through sandal…odored flames that split About the slim young widow； who doth sit And sing above； midnights of tone entire； Tissues of moonlight； shot with songs of fire； Bright drops of tune； from oceans infinite Of melody； sipped off the thin…edged wave And trickling down the beak； discourses brave Of serious matter that no man may guess； Good…fellow greetings； cries of light distress All these but now within the house we heard： O Death； wast thou too deaf to hear the bird？ 。 。 。 。 。 〃Nay； Bird； my grief gainsays the Lord's best right。 The Lord was fain； at some late festal time； That Keats should set all heaven's woods in rhyme； And Thou in bird…notes。 Lo； this tearful night Methinks I see thee； fresh from Death's despite； Perched in a palm…grove； wild with pantomime O'er blissful companies couched in shady thyme。 Methinks I hear thy silver whistlings bright Meet with the mighty discourse of the wise； 'Till broad Beethoven； deaf no more； and Keats； 'Midst of much talk； uplift their smiling eyes And mark the music of thy wood…conceits； And half…way pause on some large courteous word； And call thee 'Brother；' O thou heavenly Bird！〃
JUNCO （Junco hyemalis） Finch family
Called also： SNOWBIRD； SLATE…COLORED SNOWBIRD； ＇DARK…EYED JUNCO； AOU 1998＇
Length 5。5 to 6。5 inches。 About the size of the English sparrow。 Male Upper parts slate…colored； darkest on head and neck； which are sometimes almost black and marked like a cowl。 Gray on breast； like a vest。 Underneath white。 Several outer tall feathers white； conspicuous in flight。 Female Lighter gray； inclining to brown。 Range North America。 Not common in warm latitudes。 Breeds in the Catskills and northern New England。 Migrations September。 April。 Winter resident。
〃Leaden skies above； snow below；〃 is Mr。 Parkhurst's suggestive description of this rather timid little neighbor； that is only starved into familiarity。 When the snow has buried seed and berries； a flock of juncos； mingling sociably with the sparrows and chickadees about the kitchen door； will pick up scraps of food with an intimacy quite touching in a bird naturally rather shy。 Here we can readily distinguish these 〃little gray…robed monks and nuns；〃 as Miss Florence Merriam calls them。
They are trim； sprightly； sleek； and even natty； their dispositions are genial and vivacious； not quarrelsome； like their sparrow cousins； and what is perhaps best about them； they are birds we may surely depend upon seeing in the winter months。 A few come forth in September； migrating at night from the deep woods of the north； where they have nested and moulted during the summer； but not until frost has sharpened the air are large numbers of them seen。 Rejoicing in winter； they nevertheless do not revel in the deep and fierce arctic blasts； as the snowflakes do； but take good care to avoid the open pastures before the hard storms overtake them。
Early in the spring their song is sometimes heard before they leave us to woo and to nest in the north。 Mr。 Bicknell describes it as 〃a crisp call…note； a simple trill； and a faint； whispered warb
