the writings-6-第2章

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extending　your　right…wing　to　the　north　of　Richmond。



It　is　believed　that　this　communication　can　be　safely　established

either　north　or　south　of　the　Pamunkey　River。



In　any　event；　you　will　be　able　to　prevent　the　main　body　of　the

enemy's　forces　from　leaving　Richmond　and　falling　in　overwhelming

force　upon　General　McDowell。　　He　will　move　with　between　thirty…five

and　forty　thousand　men。



A　copy　of　the　instructions　to　General　McDowell　are　with　this。　　The

specific　task　assigned　to　his　command　has　been　to　provide　against　any

danger　to　the　capital　of　the　nation。



At　your　earnest　call　for　reinforcements；　he　is　sent　forward　to　co…

operate　in　the　reduction　of　Richmond；　but　charged；　in　attempting

this；　not　to　uncover　the　city　of　Washington；　and　you　will　give　no

order；　either　before　or　after　your　junction；　which　can　put　him　out　of

position　to　cover　this　city。　　You　and　he　will　communicate　with　each

other　by　telegraph　or　otherwise　as　frequently　as　may　be　necessary　for

efficient　cooperation。　　When　General　McDowell　is　in　position　on　your

right；　his　supplies　must　be　drawn　from　West　Point；　and　you　will

instruct　your　staff…officers　to　be　prepared　to　supply　him　by　that

route。



The　President　desires　that　General　McDowell　retain　the　command　of　the

Department　of　the　Rappahannock　and　of　the　forces　with　which　he　moves

forward。



By　order　of　the　President：

EDWIN　M。　STANTON；　Secretary　of　War。



MAJOR…GENERAL　GEORGE　B。　McCLELLAN；

Commanding　Army　of　the　Potomac；　before　Richmond。









PROCLAMATION　REVOKING

GENERAL　HUNTER'S　ORDER

OF　MILITARY　EMANCIPATION；　MAY　19；　1862。



BY　THE　PRESIDENT　OF　THE　UNITED　STATES　OF　AMERICA：



A　Proclamation



Whereas　there　appears　in　the　public　prints　what　purports　to　be　a

proclamation　of　Major　general　Hunter；　in　the　words　and　figures

following；　to　wit：



（General　Orders　No。　　11）

HEADQUARTERS　DEPARTMENT　OF　THE　SOUTH；　HILTON　HEAD；　PORT　ROYAL；　S。　C。；

May　9；　1862。



〃The　three　States　of　Georgia；　Florida；　and　South　Carolina；　comprising

the　military　department　of　the　South；　having　deliberately　declared

themselves　no　longer　under　the　protection　of　the　United　States　of

America；　and　having　taken　up　arms　against　the　said　United　States；　it

became　a　military　necessity　to　declare　martial　law。　　This　was

accordingly　done　on　the　25th　day　of　April；　1862。　　Slavery　and　martial

law　in　a　free　country　are　altogether　incompatible。　　The　persons　in

these　three　States：　Georgia　Florida；　and　South　Carolinaheretofore

held　as　slaves　are　therefore　declared　forever　free。

〃By　command　of　Major…General　D。　Hunter：

〃（Official。）ED。　W。　SMITH；

〃Acting　Assistant　Adjutant…General。〃



And　whereas　the　same　is　producing　some　excitement　and

misunderstanding：　therefore；



I；　　Abraham　Lincoln；　President　of　the　United　States；　proclaim　and

declare　that　the　Government　of　the　United　States；　had　no　knowledge；

information；　or　belief　of　an　intention　on　the　part　of　General　Hunter

to　issue　such　a　proclamation；　nor　has　it　yet　any　authentic

information　that　the　document　is　genuine。　　And　further；　that　neither

General　Hunter　nor　any　other　commander　or　person　has　been　authorized

by　the　Government　of　the　United　States　to　make　a　proclamation

declaring　the　slaves　of　any　State　free；　and　that　the　supposed

proclamation　now　in　question；　whether　genuine　or　false；　is　altogether

void　so　far　as　respects　such　a　declaration。



I　further　make　known　that　whether　it　be　competent　for　me；　as

commander…in…chief　of　the　army　and　navy；　to　declare　the　slaves　of　any

State　or　States　free；　and　whether；　at　any　time；　in　any　case；　it　shall

have　become　a　necessity　indispensable　to　the　maintenance　of　the

government　to　exercise　such　supposed　power；　are　questions　which　under

my　responsibility　I　reserve　to　myself；　and　which　I　cannot　feel

justified　in　leaving　to　the　decision　of　commanders　in　the　field。



These　are　totally　different　questions　from　those　of　police

regulations　in　armies　and　camps。



On　the　sixth　day　of　March　last；　by　special　message；　I　recommended　to

Congress　the　adoption　of　a　joint　resolution；　to　be　substantially　as

follows：



Resolved；　That　the　United　States　ought　to　co…operate　with　any　State

which　may　adopt　gradual　abolishment　of　slavery；　giving　to　such　State

pecuniary　aid；　to　be　used　by　such　State；　in　its　discretion；　to

compensate　for　the　inconvenience；　public　and　private；　produced　by

such　change　of　system。



The　resolution　in　the　language　above　quoted　was　adopted　by　large

majorities　in　both　branches　of　Congress；　and　now　stands　an　authentic；

definite；　and　solemn　proposal　of　the　nation　to　the　States　and　people

most　immediately　interested　in　the　subject…matter。　　To　the　people　of

those　States　I　now　earnestly　appeal。　　I　do　not　argueI　beseech　you

to　make　arguments　for　yourselves。　　You　cannot；　if　you　would；　be　blind

to　the　signs　of　the　times。　　I　beg　of　you　a　calm　and　enlarged

consideration　of　them；　ranging；　if　it　may　be；　far　above　personal　and

partisan　politics。　　This　proposal　makes　common　cause　for　a　common

object；　casting　no　reproaches　upon　any。　　It　acts　not　the　Pharisee。

The　change　it　contemplates　would　come　gently　as　the　dews　of　heaven；

not　rending　or　wrecking　anything。　　Will　you　not　embrace　it？　　So　much

good　has　not　been　done；　by　one　effort；　in　all　past　time；　as　in　the

providence　of　God　it　is　now　your　high　privilege　to　do。　　May　the　vast

future　not　have　to　lament　that　you　have　neglected　it。



In　witness　whereof；　I　have　hereunto　set　my　hand　and　caused　the　seal

of　the　United　States　to　be　affixed。



Done　at　the　city　of　Washington；　this　nineteenth　day　of　May；　in　the

year　of　our　Lord　one　thousand　eight　hundred　　and　sixty…two；　and　of

the　independence　of　the　United　States　the　eighty…sixth。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。



By　the　President：

WILLIAM　H。　SEWARD；　Secretary　of　State。









TELEGRAM　TO　GENERAL　G。　E。　McCLELLAN。



WASHINGTON；　May　21；　1862。



MAJOR…GENERAL　McCLELLAN：



I　have　just　been　waited　on　by　a　large　committee　who　present　a

petition　signed　by　twenty…three　senators　and　eighty…four

representatives　asking　me　to　restore　General　Hamilton　to　his

division。　　I　wish　to　do　this；　and　yet　I　do　not　wish　to　be　understood

as　rebuking　you。　　Please　answer　at　once。



A。　LINCOLN。









TELEGRAM　TO　GENERAL　G。　B。　McCLELLAN。



WASHINGTON　CITY；　May　22；　1862。



MAJOR…GENERAL　McCLELLAN：



Your　long　despatch　of　yesterday　just　received。　　You　will　have　just

such　control　of　General　McDowell　and　his　forces　as　you　therein

indicate。　　McDowell　can　reach　you　by　land　sooner　than　he　could　get

aboard　of　boats；　if　the　boats　were　ready　at　Fredericksburg；　unless

his　march　shall　be　resisted；　in　which　case　the　force　resisting　him

will　certainly　not　be　confronting　you　at　Richmond。　　By　land　he　can

reach　you　in　five　days　after　starting；　whereas　by　water　he　would　not

reach　you　in　two　weeks；　judging　by　past　experience。　　Franklin's

single　division　did　not　reach　you　in　ten　days　after　I　ordered　it。



A。　LINCOLN；

President　United　States。









TELEGRAM　TO　GENERAL　McCLELLAN。



WASHINGTON；　May　24；　1862。　　4　PM。



MAJOR…GENERAL　G。　B。　McCLELLAN：



In　consequence　of　General　Banks's　critical　position；　I　have　been

compelled　to　suspend　General　McDowell's　movements　to　join　you。　　The

enemy　are　making　a　desperate　push　upon　Harper's　Ferry；　and　we　are

trying　to　throw　General　Fremont's　force　and　part　of　General

McDowell's　in　their　rear。



A。　LINCOLN；　President。









TELEGRAM　TO　GENERAL　McCLELLAN



WASHINGTON　May　24；　1862。



MAJOR…GENERAL　GEORGE　B。　McCLELLAN：



I　left　General　McDowell's　camp　at　dark　last　evening。　　Shields's

command　is　there；　but　it　is　so　worn　that　he　cannot　move　before　Monday

morning；　the　26th。　　We　have　so　thinned　our　line　to　get　troops　for

other　places　that　it　was　broken　yesterday　at　Front　Royal；　with　a

probable　loss　to　us　of　one　regiment　infantry；　two　Companies　cavalry；

putting　General　Banks　in　some　peril。



The　en