captains of the civil war-第59章

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tthe　very　flower　of　those　who　had　come　back　victorious。　The　route　was　flagged　from　end　to　end　with　Stars　and　Stripes；　and　banked　with　friends　of　each　and　every　regiment　there。　Between　these　banks；　and　to　the　sound　of　thrilling　martial　music；　the　long　blue　column　floweda　living　stream　of　men　whose　bayonets　made　its　surface　flash　like　burnished　silver　under　the　glorious　sun。


Then；　when　the　pageantry　was　finished；　and　the　volunteers　that　formed　the　vast　bulk　of　those　magnificent　Federal　armies　had　again　become　American　civilians　in　thought　and　word　and　deed；　these　steadfast　men；　whose　arms　had　saved　the　Union　in　the　field；　were　first　in　peace　as　they　had　been　in　war：　first　in　the　reconstruction　of　their　country's　interrupted　life；　first　in　recognizing　all　that　was　best　in　the　splendid　fighters　with　whom　they　had　crossed　swords；　and　firstincomparably　firstin　keeping　one　and　indivisible　the　reunited　home　land　of　both　North　and　South。



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL　NOTE

Thousands　of　books　have　been　written　about　the　Civil　War；　and　more　about　the　armies　than　about　the　navies　and　the　civil　interests　together。　Yet；　even　about　the　armies；　there　are　very　few　that　give　a　just　idea　of　how　every　part　of　the　war　was　correlated　with　every　other　part　and　with　the　very　complex　whole；　while　fewer　still　give　any　idea　of　how　closely　the　navies　were　correlated　with　the　armies　throughout　the　long　amphibious　campaigns。

The　only　works　mentioned　here　are　either　those　containing　the　original　evidence　or　those　written　by　experts　directly　from　the　original　evidence。　And　of　course　there　are　a　good　many　works　belonging　to　both　these　classes　for　which　no　room　can　be　found　in　a　bibliography　so　very　brief　as　the　present　one　must　be。

〃The　War　of　the　Rebellion：　a　Compilation　of　the　Official　Records　of　the　Union　and　Confederate　Armies〃；　128　vols。　（1880…1901）；　and　〃Official　Records　of　the　Union　and　Confederate　Navies　in　the　War　of　the　Rebellion〃；　28　vols。　（1894…）；　form　two　magnificent　collections　of　original　evidence　published　by　the　United　States　Government。　But　they　have　some　gaps　which　nothing　else　can　fill。　〃Battles　and　Leaders　of　the　Civil　War〃（1887…89）；　written　by　competent　witnesses　on　both　sides；　gives　the　gist　of　the　story　in　four　volumes　（published　afterwards　in　eight）。　〃The　Rebellion　Record〃；　12　vols。　（1862…68）；　edited　by　Frank　Moore；　forms　an　interesting　collection　of　non…official　documents。　〃The　Story　of　the　Civil　War〃；　4　vols。　（1895…1913）；　begun　by　J。C。　Ropes；　and　continued　by　W。R。　Livermore；　is　an　historical　work　of　real　value。　〃Larned's　Literature　of　American　History〃　contains　an　excellent　bibliography；　but　it　needs　supplementing　by　bibliographies　of　the　present　century。　Inquiring　readers　should　consult　the　bibliographies　in　volumes　20　and　21　（by　J。K。　Hosmer）　in　the　American　Nation　series。

There　are　many　works　of　a　more　special　kind　that　deserve　particular　attention。　General　E。P。　Alexander's　〃Military　Memoirs　of　a　Confederate〃　（1907）；　the　〃Transactions　of　the　Military　Historical　Society　of　Massachusetts〃；　Major　John　Bigelow's　〃The　Campaign　of　Chancellorsville〃　（1910）；　and　J。D。　Cox's　〃Military　Reminiscences〃；　2　vols。　（1900）；　are　admirable　specimens　of　this　very　extensive　class。

The　two　greatest　generals　on　the　Northern　side　have　written　their　own　memoirs；　and　written　them　exceedingly　well：　〃Personal　Memoirs　of　U。S。　Grant〃；　2　vols。　（1885…86）；　and　〃Memoirs　of　General　W。T。　Sherman〃；　2　vols。　（1886）。　But　the　two　greatest　on　the　Southern　side　wrote　nothing　themselves；　and　no　one　else　has　written　a　really　great　life　of　that　very　great　commander；　Robert　Lee。　Fitzhugh　Lee's　enthusiastic　sketch　of　his　uncle；　〃General　Lee〃　（1894）；　is　one　of　the　several　second…rate　books　on　the　subject。　Colonel　G。F。R。　Henderson's　〃Stonewall　Jackson　and　the　American　Civil　War〃；　2　vols。　（1898）；　is；　on　the　other　hand；　among　the　best　of　war　biographies。　Henderson's　strategical　study　of　the　Valley　Campaign　is　a　masterpiece。　Two　good　works　of　very　different　kinds　are：　〃A　History　of　the　Civil　War　in　the　United　States〃　（1905）；　by　W。　Birkbeck　Wood　and　Major　J。E。　Edmonds；　and　〃A　History　of　the　United　States　f　from　the　Compromise　of　1850〃；　8　vols。　（1893…1919）；　by　James　Ford　Rhodes。　The　first　is　military；　the　second　political。　Mr。　Rhodes　has　also　written　a　single　volume　〃History　of　the　Civil　War〃　（1917）。　〃American　Campaigns〃　by　Major　M。F。　Steele；　issued　under　the　supervision　of　the　War　Department　（1909）；　deals　chiefly　with　the　military　operations　of　the　Civil　War。

The　naval　side　of　this；　as　of　all　other　wars；　has　been　far　too　much　neglected。　But　that　great　historian　of　sea…power；　Admiral　Mahan；　has　told　the　best　of　the　story　in　his　〃Admiral　Farragut〃　（1892）。

An　interesting　contemporary　account　of　the　war　will　be　found　in　the　five　volumes　of　Appleton's　〃American　Annual　Cyclopoedia〃　for　the　years　from　1861　to　1865。　B。J。　Lossing's　〃Pictorial　History　of　the　Civil　War〃；　3　vols。　（1866…69）；　and　Harper's　〃Pictorial　History　of　the　Rebellion〃；　2　vols。　（1868）；　give　graphic　pictures　of　military　life　as　seen　by　contemporaries。　Personal　reminiscences　of　the　war；　of　varying　merit；　have　multiplied　rapidly　in　recent　years。　These　are　appraised　for　the　unwary　reader　in　the　bibliographies　already　mentioned。　Frank　Wilkeson's　〃Recollections　of　a　Private　Soldier　in　the　Army　of　the　Potomac〃　（1887）；　George　C。　Eggleston's　〃A　Rebel's　Recollections〃　（1905）；　and　Mrs。　Mary　B。　Chestnut's　〃Diary　from　Dixie〃　（1905）　are　among　the　best　of　these　personal　recollections。

The　political　and　diplomatic　history　has　been　dealt　with　already　in　the　two　preceding　Chronicles。　〃Abraham　Lincoln：　a　History〃；　by　John　G。　Nicolay　and　John　Hay；　in　ten　volumes　（1890）；　and　〃The　Complete　Works　of　Abraham　Lincoln〃；　in　twelve　volumes　（1905）；　form　the　quarry　from　which　all　true　accounts　of　his　war　statesmanship　must　be　built　up。　Lord　Charnwood's　〃Abraham　Lincoln〃　（1917）　is　an　admirable　summary。　To　these　titles　should　be　added　Gideon　Welles's　〃Diary〃；　3　vols。　（1911）；　and；　on　the　Confederate　side；　Jefferson　Davis's　〃The　Rise　and　Fall　of　the　Confederate　Government〃；　2　vols。　（1881）；　and　Alexander　H。　Stephens's　〃A　Constitutional　View　of　the　Late　War　Between　the　States〃；　2　vols。　（1870）。　The　best　life　of　Jefferson　Davis　is　that　by　William　E。　Dodd　in　the　〃American　Crisis　Biographies〃　（1907）。　W。　H。　Russell's　〃My　Diary　North　and　South〃　（1863）　records　the　impressions　of　an　intelligent　foreign　observer。

The　present　Chronicle　is　based　entirely　on　the　original　evidence；　with　the　convenient　use　only　of　such　works　as　have　themselves　been　written　by　qualified　experts　directly　from　the　original　evidence。





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