the ancien regime(古兵团)-第24章
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sense; matter…of…fact Lockism from degenerating into materialismthat
was only lying hidden; but not dead; in the German spirit。
With the Germans; therefore; Freemasonry assumed a nobler and more
earnest shape。 Dropping; very soon; that Lockite and Philosophe tone
which had perhaps recommended it to Frederick the Great in his youth; it
became mediaevalist and mystic。 It craved after a resuscitation of old
chivalrous spirit; and the virtues of the knightly ideal; and the old German
biederkeit und tapferkeit; which were all defiled and overlaid by French
fopperies。 And not in vain; as no struggle after a noble aim; however
confused or fantastic; is ever in vain。 Freemasonry was the direct parent
of the Tugenbund; and of those secret societies which freed Germany from
Napoleon。 Whatever follies young members of them may have committed;
whatever Jahn and his Turnerei; whatever the iron youths; with their iron
decorations and iron boot…heels; whatever; in a word; may have been said
or done amiss; in that childishness which (as their own wisest writers often
lament) so often defaces the noble childlikeness of the German spirit; let it
be always remembered that under the impulse first given by Freemasonry;
as much as that given by such heroes as Stein and Scharnhorst; Germany
shook off the chains which had fallen on her in her sleep; and stood once
more at Leipsic; were it but for a moment; a free people alike in body and
in soul。
Remembering this; and the solid benefits which Germany owed to
Masonic influences; one shrinks from saying much of the extravagances in
which its Masonry indulged before the French Revolution。 Yet they are
so characteristic of the age; so significant to the student of human nature;
that they must be hinted at; though not detailed。
It is clear that Masonry was at first a movement confined to the
aristocracy; or at least to the most educated classes; and clear; too; that it
fell in with a temper of mind unsatisfied with the dry dogmatism into
which the popular creeds had then been frozen unsatisfied with their own
Frenchified foppery and pseudo… philosophyunsatisfied with want of all
duty; purpose; noble thought; or noble work。 With such a temper of mind
it fell in: but that very temper was open (as it always is) to those dreams
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of a royal road to wisdom and to virtue; which have haunted; in all ages;
the luxurious and the idle。
Those who will; may read enough; and too much; of the wonderful
secrets in nature and science and theosophy; which men expected to find
and did not find in the higher degrees of Masonry; till old Vossthe
translator of Homerhad to confess; that after 〃trying for eleven years to
attain a perfect knowledge of the inmost penetralia; where the secret is
said to be; and of its invisible guardians;〃 all he knew was that 〃the
documents which he had to make known to the initiated were nothing
more than a well got…up farce。〃
But the mania was general。 The high…born and the virtuous expected
to discover some panacea for their own consciences in what Voss calls; 〃A
multitude of symbols; which are ever increasing the farther you penetrate;
and are made to have a moral application through some arbitrary twisting
of their meaning; as if I were to attempt expounding the chaos on my
writing…desk。〃
A rich harvest…field was an aristocracy in such a humour; for quacks of
every kind; richer even than that of France; in that the Germans were at
once more honest and more earnest; and therefore to be robbed more
easily。 The carcass was there: and the birds of prey were gathered
together。
Of Rosa; with his lodge of the Three Hammers; and his Potsdam gold…
making;of Johnson; alias Leuchte; who passed himself off as a Grand
Prior sent from Scotland to resuscitate the order of Knights Templars; who
informed his disciples that the Grand Master Von Hund commanded
26;000 men; that round the convent (what convent; does not appear) a high
wall was erected; which was guarded day and night; that the English navy
was in the hands of the Order; that they had MSS。 written by Hugo de
Paganis (a mythic hero who often figures in these fables); that their
treasure was in only three places in the world; in Ballenstadt; in the icy
mountains of Savoy; and in China; that whosoever drew on himself the
displeasure of the Order; perished both body and soul; who degraded his
rival Rosa to the sound of military music; and after having had; like every
dog; his day; died in prison in the Wartburg;of the Rosicrucians; who
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were accused of wanting to support and advance the Catholic religionone
would think the accusation was very unnecessary; seeing that their actual
dealings were with the philosopher's stone; and the exorcism of spirits:
and that the first apostle of the new golden Rosicrucian order; one
Schropfer; getting into debt; and fearing exposure; finished his life in an
altogether un…catholic manner at Leipsic in 1774; by shooting himself;of
Keller and his Urim and Thummim;of Wollner (who caught the Crown
Prince Frederick William) with his three names of Chrysophiron;
Heliconus; and Ophiron; and his fourth name of Ormesus Magnus; under
which all the brethren were to offer up for him solemn prayers and
intercessions;of Baron Heinrich von Ekker and Eckenhofen; gentleman
of the bed…chamber and counsellor of the Duke of Coburg Saalfeld; and
his Jewish colleague Hirschmann; with their Asiatic brethren and order
named Ben Bicca; Cabalistic and Talmudic; of the Illuminati; and poor
Adam Weisshaupt; Professor of Canon and National Law at Ingoldstadt in
Bavaria; who set up what he considered an Anti…Jesuitical order on a Jesuit
model; with some vague hope; according to his own showing; of
〃perfecting the reasoning powers interesting to mankind; spreading the
knowledge of sentiments both humane and social; checking wicked
inclinations; standing up for oppressed and suffering virtue against all
wrong; promoting the advancement of men of merit; and in every way
facilitating the acquirement of knowledge and science;〃of this honest
silly man; and his attempts to carry out all his fine projects by calling
himself Spartacus; Bavaria Achaia; Austria Egypt; Vienna Rome; and so
forth;of Knigge; who picked his honest brains; quarrelled with him; and
then made money and fame out of his plans; for as long as they lasted;of
Bode; the knight of the lilies of the valley; who; having caught Duke
Ernest of Saxe Gotha; was himself caught by Knigge; and his eight; nine;
or more ascending orders of unwisdom;and finally of the Jesuits who;
really with considerable excuses for their severity; fell upon these poor
foolish Illuminati in 17