hesiod, the homeric hymns, and homerica-第16章

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m　about　while　he　pointed　out　the　roads。　　Then　he　came　to　the　east　and　appears　to　have　met　Helius　（the　Sun）　and　to　have　been　healed；　and　so　returned　back　again　to　Oenopion　to　punish　him；　but　Oenopion　was　hidden　away　by　his　people　underground。　　Being　disappointed；　then；　in　his　search　for　the　king；　Orion　went　away　to　Crete　and　spent　his　time　hunting　in　company　with　Artemis　and　Leto。　　It　seems　that　he　threatened　to　kill　every　beast　there　was　on　earth；　whereupon；　in　her　anger；　Earth　sent　up　against　him　a　scorpion　of　very　great　size　by　which　he　was　stung　and　so　perished。　　After　this　Zeus；　at　one　prayer　of　Artemis　and　Leto；　put　him　among　the　stars；　because　of　his　manliness；　and　the　scorpion　also　as　a　memorial　of　him　and　of　what　had　occurred。


Fragment　#5　　Diodorus　iv。　85：　Some　say　that　great　earthquakes　occurred；　which　broke　through　the　neck　of　land　and　formed　the　straits　（3）；　the　sea　parting　the　mainland　from　the　island。　　But　Hesiod；　the　poet；　says　just　the　opposite：　that　the　sea　was　open；　but　Orion　piled　up　the　promontory　by　Peloris；　and　founded　the　close　of　Poseidon　which　is　especially　esteemed　by　the　people　thereabouts。　　When　he　had　finished　this；　he　went　away　to　Euboea　and　settled　there；　and　because　of　his　renown　was　taken　into　the　number　of　the　stars　in　heaven；　and　won　undying　remembrance。


ENDNOTES：

（1）　　This　halt　verse　is　added　by　the　Scholiast　on　Aratus；　172。　（2）　　The　〃Catasterismi〃　（〃Placings　among　the　Stars〃）　is　a　　　　　　collection　of　legends　relating　to　the　various　　　　　　constellations。　（3）　　The　Straits　of　Messina。



THE　PRECEPTS　OF　CHIRON　（fragments）

Fragment　#1　　Scholiast　on　Pindar；　Pyth。　vi。　19：　‘And　now；　pray；　mark　all　these　things　well　in　a　wise　heart。　　First；　whenever　you　come　to　your　house；　offer　good　sacrifices　to　the　eternal　gods。'


Fragment　#2　　Plutarch　Mor。　1034　E：　‘Decide　no　suit　until　you　have　heard　both　sides　speak。'


Fragment　#3　　Plutarch　de　Orac。　defectu　ii。　415　C：　‘A　chattering　crow　lives　out　nine　generations　of　aged　men；　but　a　stag's　life　is　four　times　a　crow's；　and　a　raven's　life　makes　three　stags　old；　while　the　phoenix　outlives　nine　ravens；　but　we；　the　rich…haired　Nymphs；　daughters　of　Zeus　the　aegis…holder；　outlive　ten　phoenixes。'


Fragment　#4　　Quintilian；　i。　15：　Some　consider　that　children　under　the　age　of　seven　should　not　receive　a　literary　education。。。　　That　Hesiod　was　of　this　opinion　very　many　writers　affirm　who　were　earlier　than　the　critic　Aristophanes；　for　he　was　the　first　to　reject　the　〃Precepts〃；　in　which　book　this　maxim　occurs；　as　a　work　of　that　poet。



THE　GREAT　WORKS　（fragments）

Fragment　#1　　Comm。　on　Aristotle；　Nicomachean　Ethics。　v。　8：　The　verse；　however　（the　slaying　of　Rhadamanthys）；　is　in　Hesiod　in　the　〃Great　Works〃　and　is　as　follows：　‘If　a　man　sow　evil；　he　shall　reap　evil　increase；　if　men　do　to　him　as　he　has　done；　it　will　be　true　justice。'


Fragment　#2　　Proclus　on　Hesiod；　Works　and　Days；　126：　Some　believe　that　the　Silver　Race　（is　to　be　attributed　to）　the　earth；　declaring　that　in　the　〃Great　Works〃　Hesiod　makes　silver　to　be　of　the　family　of　Earth。



THE　IDAEAN　DACTYLS　（fragments）

Fragment　#1　　Pliny；　Natural　History　vii。　56；　197：　Hesiod　says　that　those　who　are　called　the　Idaean　Dactyls　taught　the　smelting　and　tempering　of　iron　in　Crete。


Fragment　#2　　Clement；　Stromateis　i。　16。　75：　Celmis；　again；　and　Damnameneus；　the　first　of　the　Idaean　Dactyls；　discovered　iron　in　Cyprus；　but　bronze　smelting　was　discovered　by　Delas；　another　Idaean；　though　Hesiod　calls　him　Scythes　（1）。


ENDNOTES：

（1）　　Or　perhaps　‘a　Scythian'。



THE　THEOGONY　（1；041　lines）

（ll。　1…25）　From　the　Heliconian　Muses　let　us　begin　to　sing；　who　hold　the　great　and　holy　mount　of　Helicon；　and　dance　on　soft　feet　about　the　deep…blue　spring　and　the　altar　of　the　almighty　son　of　Cronos；　and；　when　they　have　washed　their　tender　bodies　in　Permessus　or　in　the　Horse's　Spring　or　Olmeius；　make　their　fair；　lovely　dances　upon　highest　Helicon　and　move　with　vigorous　feet。　　Thence　they　arise　and　go　abroad　by　night；　veiled　in　thick　mist；　and　utter　their　song　with　lovely　voice；　praising　Zeus　the　aegis…　holder　and　queenly　Hera　of　Argos　who　walks　on　golden　sandals　and　the　daughter　of　Zeus　the　aegis…holder　bright…eyed　Athene；　and　Phoebus　Apollo；　and　Artemis　who　delights　in　arrows；　and　Poseidon　the　earth…holder　who　shakes　the　earth；　and　reverend　Themis　and　quick…glancing　（1）　Aphrodite；　and　Hebe　with　the　crown　of　gold；　and　fair　Dione；　Leto；　Iapetus；　and　Cronos　the　crafty　counsellor；　Eos　and　great　Helius　and　bright　Selene；　Earth　too；　and　great　Oceanus；　and　dark　Night；　and　the　holy　race　of　all　the　other　deathless　ones　that　are　for　ever。　　And　one　day　they　taught　Hesiod　glorious　song　while　he　was　shepherding　his　lambs　under　holy　Helicon；　and　this　word　first　the　goddesses　said　to　me　　the　Muses　of　Olympus；　daughters　of　Zeus　who　holds　the　aegis：

（ll。　26…28）　‘Shepherds　of　the　wilderness；　wretched　things　of　shame；　mere　bellies；　we　know　how　to　speak　many　false　things　as　though　they　were　true；　but　we　know；　when　we　will；　to　utter　true　things。'

（ll。　29…35）　So　said　the　ready…voiced　daughters　of　great　Zeus；　and　they　plucked　and　gave　me　a　rod；　a　shoot　of　sturdy　laurel；　a　marvellous　thing；　and　breathed　into　me　a　divine　voice　to　celebrate　things　that　shall　be　and　things　there　were　aforetime；　and　they　bade　me　sing　of　the　race　of　the　blessed　gods　that　are　eternally；　but　ever　to　sing　of　themselves　both　first　and　last。　　But　why　all　this　about　oak　or　stone？　（2）

（ll。　36…52）　Come　thou；　let　us　begin　with　the　Muses　who　gladden　the　great　spirit　of　their　father　Zeus　in　Olympus　with　their　songs；　telling　of　things　that　are　and　that　shall　be　and　that　were　aforetime　with　consenting　voice。　　Unwearying　flows　the　sweet　sound　from　their　lips；　and　the　house　of　their　father　Zeus　the　loud…thunderer　is　glad　at　the　lily…like　voice　of　the　goddesses　as　it　spread　abroad；　and　the　peaks　of　snowy　Olympus　resound；　and　the　homes　of　the　immortals。　　And　they　uttering　their　immortal　voice；　celebrate　in　song　first　of　all　the　reverend　race　of　the　gods　from　the　beginning；　those　whom　Earth　and　wide　Heaven　begot；　and　the　gods　sprung　of　these；　givers　of　good　things。　　Then；　next；　the　goddesses　sing　of　Zeus；　the　father　of　gods　and　men；　as　they　begin　and　end　their　strain；　how　much　he　is　the　most　excellent　among　the　gods　and　supreme　in　power。　　And　again；　they　chant　the　race　of　men　and　strong　giants；　and　gladden　the　heart　of　Zeus　within　Olympus；　　the　Olympian　Muses；　daughters　of　Zeus　the　aegis…holder。

（ll。　53…74）　Them　in　Pieria　did　Mnemosyne　（Memory）；　who　reigns　over　the　hills　of　Eleuther；　bear　of　union　with　the　father；　the　son　of　Cronos；　a　forgetting　of　ills　and　a　rest　from　sorrow。　　For　nine　nights　did　wise　Zeus　lie　with　her；　entering　her　holy　bed　remote　from　the　immortals。　　And　when　a　year　was　passed　and　the　seasons　came　round　as　the　months　waned；　and　many　days　were　accomplished；　she　bare　nine　daughters；　all　of　one　mind；　whose　hearts　are　set　upon　song　and　their　spirit　free　from　care；　a　little　way　from　the　topmost　peak　of　snowy　Olympus。　　There　are　their　bright　dancing…places　and　beautiful　homes；　and　beside　them　the　Graces　and　Himerus　（Desire）　live　in　delight。　　And　they；　uttering　through　their　lips　a　lovely　voice；　sing　the　laws　of　all　and　the　goodly　ways　of　the　immortals；　uttering　their　lovely　voice。　　Then　went　they　to　Olympus；　delighting　in　their　sweet　voice；　with　heavenly　song；　and　the　dark　earth　resounded　about　them　as　they　chanted；　and　a　lovely　sound　rose　up　beneath　their　feet　as　they　went　to　their　father。　　And　he　was　reigning　in　heaven；　himself　holding　the　lightning　and　glowing　thunderbolt；　when　he　had　overcome　by　might　his　father　Cronos；　and　he　distributed　fairly　to　the　immortals　their　portions　and　declared　their　privileges。

（ll。　75…103）　These　things；　then；　the　Muses　sang　who　dwell　on　Olympus；　nine　daughters　begotten　by　great　Zeus；　Cleio　and　Euterpe；　Thaleia；　Melpomene　and　Terpsichore；　and　Erato　and　Polyhymnia　and　Urania　and　Calliope　（3）；　who　is　the　chiefest　of　them　all；　for　she　attends　on　worshipful　princes：　whomsoever　of　heaven…nourished　princes　the　daughters　of　great　Zeus　honour；　and　behold　him　at　his　birth；　they　pour　sweet　dew　upon　his　tongue；　and　from　his　lips　flow　gracious　words。　　All　the　people　look　towards　him　while　he　settles　causes　with　t