anabasis-第2章
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invasion of Pisidia: so he argued; and with what speed he might; he set off to the king; attended by about five hundred horse。 The king; on his side; had no sooner heard from Tissaphernes of Cyrus's great armament; than he began to make counter…preparations。
Thus Cyrus; with the troops which I have named; set out from Sardis; and marched on and on through Lydia three stages; making two…and…twenty parasangs'2'; to the river Maeander。 That river is two hundred feet'3' broad; and was spanned by a bridge consisting of seven boats。 Crossing it; he marched through Phrygia a single stage; of eight parasangs; to Colossae; an inhabited city'4'; prosperous and 6 large。 Here he remained seven days; and was joined by Menon the Thessalian; who arrived with one thousand hoplites and five hundred peltasts; Dolopes; Aenianes; and Olynthians。 From this place he marched three stages; twenty parasangs in all; to Celaenae; a populous city of Phrygia; large and prosperous。 Here Cyrus owned a palace and a large park'5' full of wild beasts; which he used to hunt on horseback; whenever he wished to give himself or his horses exercise。 Through the midst of the park flows the river Maeander; the sources of which are within the palace buildings; and it flows through the city of Celaenae。 The great king also has a palace in Celaenae; a strong place; on the sources of another river; the Marsyas; at the foot of the acropolis。 This river also flows through the city; discharging itself into the Maeander; and is five…and…twenty feet broad。 Here is the place where Apollo is said to have flayed Marsyas; when he had conquered him in the contest of skill。 He hung up the skin of the conquered man; in the cavern where the spring wells forth; and hence the name of the river; Marsyas。 It was on this site that Xerxes; as tradition tells; built this very palace; as well as the citadel of Celaenae itself; on his retreat from Hellas; after he had lost the famous battle。 Here Cyrus remained for thirty days; during which Clearchus the Lacedaemonian arrived with one thousand hoplites and eight hundred Thracian peltasts and two hundred Cretan archers。 At the same time; also; came Sosis the Syracusian with three thousand hoplites; and Sophaenetus the Arcadian'6' with one thousand hoplites; and here Cyrus held a review; and numbered his Hellenes in the park; and found that they amounted in all to eleven thousand hoplites and about two thousand peltasts。
'2' The Persian 〃farsang〃 = 30 stades; nearly 1 league; 3 1/2 statute miles; though not of uniform value in all parts of Asia。
'3' 〃Two plethra〃: the plethron = about 101 English feet。
'4' Lit。 〃inhabited;〃 many of the cities of Asia being then as now deserted; but the suggestion is clearly at times 〃thickly inhabited;〃 〃populous。〃
'5' Lit。 〃paradise;〃 an oriental word = park or pleasure ground。
'6' Perhaps this should be Agias the Arcadian; as Mr。 Macmichael suggests。 Sophaenetus has already been named above。
From this place he continued his march two stagesten parasangsto 10 the populous city of Peltae; where he remained three days; while Xenias; the Arcadian; celebrated the Lycaea'7' with sacrifice; and instituted games。 The prizes were headbands of gold; and Cyrus himself was a spectator of the contest。 From this place the march was continued two stagestwelve parasangsto Ceramon…agora; a populous city; the last on the confines of Mysia。 Thence a march of three stagesthirty parasangsbrought him to Caystru…pedion'8'; a populous city。 Here Cyrus halted five days; and the soldiers; whose pay was now more than three months in arrear; came several times to the palace gates demanding their dues; while Cyrus put them off with fine words and expectations; but could not conceal his vexation; for it was not his fashion to stint payment; when he had the means。 At this point Epyaxa; the wife of Syennesis; the king of the Cilicians; arrived on a visit to Cyrus; and it was said that Cyrus received a large gift of money from the queen。 At this date; at any rate; Cyrus gave the army four months' pay。 The queen was accompanied by a bodyguard of Cilicians and Aspendians; and; if report speaks truly; Cyrus had intimate relations with the queen。
'7' The Lycaea; an Arcadian festival in honour of Zeus {Arcaios}; akin to the Roman Lupercalia; which was originally a shepherd festival; the introduction of which the Romans ascribe to the Arcadian Evander。
'8' Lit。 〃plain of the Cayster;〃 like Ceramon…agora; 〃the market of the Ceramians〃 above; the name of a town。
From this place he marched two stagesten parasangsto Thymbrium; a populous city。 Here; by the side of the road; is the spring of Midas; the king of Phrygia; as it is called; where Midas; as the story goes; caught the satyr by drugging the spring with wine。 From this place he marched two stagesten parasangsto Tyriaeum; a populous city。 Here he halted three days; and the Cilician queen; according to the popular account; begged Cyrus to exhibit his armament for her amusement。 The latter being only too glad to make such an exhibition; held a review of the Hellenes and barbarians in the plain。 He ordered the Hellenes to draw up their lines and post themselves in their customary battle order; each general marshalling his own battalion。 Accordingly they drew up four…deep。 The right was held by Menon and those with him; the 15 left by Clearchus and his men; the centre by the remaining generals with theirs。 Cyrus first inspected the barbarians; who marched past in troops of horses and companies of infantry。 He then inspected the Hellenes; driving past them in his chariot; with the queen in her carriage。 And they all had brass helmets and purple tunics; and greaves; and their shields uncovered'9'。
'9' I。e。 ready for action; c。f。 〃bayonets fixed〃。
After he had driven past the whole body; he drew up his chariot in front of the centre of the battle…line; and sent his interpreter Pigres to the generals of the Hellenes; with orders to present arms and to advance along the whole line。 This order was repeated by the generals to their men; and at the sound of the bugle; with shields forward and spears in rest; they advanced to meet the enemy。 The pace quickened; and with a shout the soldiers spontaneously fell into a run; making in the direction of the camp。 Great was the panic of the barbarians。 The Cilician queen in her carriage turned and fled; the sutlers in the marketing place left their wares and took to their heels; and the Hellenes meanwhile came into camp with a roar of laughter。 What astounded the queen was the brilliancy and order of the armament; but Cyrus was pleased to see the terror inspired by the Hellenes in the hearts of the Asiatics。
From this place he marched on three stagestwenty parasangsto Iconium; the last city of Phrygia; where he remained three days。 Thence he marched through Lycaonia five stagesthirty parasangs。 This was hostile country; and he gave it over to the Hellenes to pillage。 At this point Cyrus sent back the Cilician queen to her own country by the quickest route; and to escort her he sent the soldiers of Menon; and Menon himself。 With the rest of the troops he continued his march through Cappadocia four stagestwenty…five parasangsto Dana; a populous city; large and flourishing。 Here they halted three days; within which interval Cyrus put to death; on a charge of conspiracy; a Persian nobleman named Megaphernes; a wearer of the royal purple; and along with him another high dignitary among his subordinate commanders。
From this place they endeavoured to force a passage into Cilicia。 Now 21 the entrance was by an exceedingly steep cart…road; impracticable for an army in face of a resisting force; and report said that Syennesis was on the summit of the pass guarding the approach。 Accordingly they halted a day in the plain; but next day came a messenger informing them that Syenesis had left the pass; doubtless; after perceiving that Menon's army was already in Cilicia on his own side of the mountains; and he had further been informed that ships of war; belonging to the Lacedaemonians and to Cyrus himself; with Tamos on board as admiral; were sailing round from Ionia to Cilicia。 Whatever the reason mig