the history-第167章
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ttis the tyrant of Chios； one； however； of those engaged in the plot betrayed the enterprise； and the conspiracy being in this way discovered； Herodotus； and the remaining five； quitted Chios； and went straight to Sparta； whence they had now proceeded to Egina； their object being to beseech the Greeks that they would pass over to Ionia。 It was not； however； without difficulty that they were induced to advance even so far as Delos。 All beyond that seemed to the Greeks full of danger； the places were quite unknown to them； and to their fancy swarmed with Persian troops； as for Samos； it appeared to them as far off as the Pillars of Hercules。 Thus it came to pass； that at the very same time the barbarians were hindered by their fears from venturing any further west than Samos； and the prayers of the Chians failed to induce the Greeks to advance any further east than Delos。 Terror guarded the mid region。 The Greek fleet was now on its way to Delos； but Mardonius still abode in his winter…quarters in Thessaly。 When he was about to leave them； he despatched a man named Mys； a European by birth； to go and consult the different oracles； giving him orders to put questions everywhere to all the oracles whereof he found it possible to make trial。 What it was that he wanted to know； when he gave Mys these orders； I am not able to say； for no account has reached me of the matter； but for my own part； I suppose that he sent to inquire concerning the business which he had in hand； and not for any other purpose。 Mys； it is certain； went to Lebadeia； and； by the payment of a sum of money； induced one of the inhabitants to go down to Trophonius； he likewise visited Abae of the Phocians； and there consulted the god； while at Thebes； to which place he went first of all； he not only got access to Apollo Ismenius （of whom inquiry is made by means of victims； according to the custom practised also at Olympia）； but likewise prevailed on a man； who was not a Theban but a foreigner； to pass the night in the temple of Amphiaraus。 No Theban can lawfully consult this oracle； for the following reason： Amphiaraus by an oracle gave the Thebans their choice； to have him for their prophet or for their helper in war； he bade them elect between the two； and forego either one or the other； so they chose rather to have him for their helper。 On this account it is unlawful for a Theban to sleep in his temple。 One thing which the Thebans declare to have happened at this time is to me very surprising。 Mys； the European； they say； after he had gone about to all the oracles； came at last to the sacred precinct of Apollo Ptous。 The place itself bears the name of Ptoum； it is in the country of the Thebans； and is situated on the mountain side overlooking Lake Copais； only a very little way from the town called Acraephia。 Here Mys arrived； and entered the temple； followed by three Theban citizens… picked men whom the state had appointed to take down whatever answer the god might give。 No sooner was he entered than the prophet delivered him an oracle； but in a foreign tongue； so that his Theban attendants were astonished； hearing a strange language when they expected Greek； and did not know what to do。 Mys； however； the European； snatched from their hands the tablet which they had brought with them； and wrote down what the prophet uttered。 The reply； he told them； was in the Carian dialect。 After this； Mys departed and returned to Thessaly。 Mardonius； when he had read the answers given by the oracles； sent next an envoy to Athens。 This was Alexander； the son of Amyntas； a Macedonian； of whom he made choice for two reasons。 Alexander was connected with the Persians by family ties； for Gygaea； who was the daughter of Amyntas； and sister to Alexander himself； was married to Bubares； a Persian； and by him had a son； to wit； Amyntas of Asia； who was named after his mother's father； and enjoyed the revenues of Alabanda； a large city of Phrygia； which had been assigned him by the king。 Alexander was likewise （and of this too Mardonius was well aware）； both by services which he had rendered； and by formal compact of friendship； connected with Athens。 Mardonius therefore thought that； by sending him； he would be most likely to gain over the Athenians to the Persian side。 He had heard that they were a numerous and a warlike people； and he knew that the disasters which had befallen the Persians by sea were mainly their work； he therefore expected that； if he could form alliance with them； he would easily get the mastery of the sea （as indeed he would have done； beyond a doubt）； while by land he believed that he was already greatly superior； and so he thought by this alliance to make sure of overcoming the Greeks。 Perhaps； too； the oracles leant this way； and counselled him to make Athens his friend： so that it may have been in obedience to them that he sent the embassy。 This Alexander was descended in the seventh degree from Perdiccas； who obtained the sovereignty over the Macedonians in the way which I will now relate。 Three brothers； descendants of Temenus； fled from Argos to the Illyrians； their names were Gauanes； Aeropus； and Perdiccas。 From Illyria they went across to Upper Macedonia； where they came to a certain town called Lebaea。 There they hired themselves out to serve the king in different employs； one tended the horses； another looked after the cows； while Perdiccas； who was the youngest； took charge of the smaller cattle。 In those early times poverty was not confined to the people： kings themselves were poor； and so here it was the king's wife who cooked the victuals。 Now； whenever she baked the bread； she always observed that the loaf of the labouring boy Perdiccas swelled to double its natural size。 So the queen； finding this never fail； spoke of it to her husband。 Directly that it came to his ears； the thought struck him that it was a miracle； and boded something of no small moment。 He therefore sent for the three labourers； and told them to begone out of his dominions。 They answered； 〃they had a right to their wages； if he would pay them what was due； they were quite willing to go。〃 Now it happened that the sun was shining down the chimney into the room where they were； and the king； hearing them talk of wages； lost his wits； and said； 〃There are the wages which you deserve； take that… I give it you！〃 and pointed； as he spoke； to the sunshine。 The two elder brothers； Gauanes and Aeropus； stood aghast at the reply； and did nothing； but the boy； who had a knife in his hand； made a mark with it round the sunshine on the floor of the room； and said； 〃O king！ we accept your payment。〃 Then he received the light of the sun three times into his bosom； and so went away； and his brothers went with him。 When they were gone； one of those who sat by told the king what the youngest of the three had done； and hinted that he must have had some meaning in accepting the wages given。 Then the king； when he heard what had happened； was angry； and sent horsemen after the youths to slay them。 Now there is a river in Macedonia to which the descendants of these Argives offer sacrifice as their saviour。 This stream swelled so much； as soon as the sons of Temenus were safe across； that the horsemen found it impossible to follow。 So the brothers escaped into another part of Macedonia； and took up their abode near the place called 〃the Gardens of Midas； son of Gordias。〃 In these gardens there are roses which grow of themselves； so sweet that no others can come near them； and with blossoms that have as many as sixty petals apiece。 It was here； according to the Macedonians； that Silenus was made a prisoner。 Above the gardens stands a mountain called Bermius； which is so cold that none can reach the top。 Here the brothers made their abode； and from this place by； degrees they conquered all Macedonia。 From the Perdiccas of whom we have here spoken； Alexander was descended in the following way：… Alexander was the son of Amyntas； Amyntas of Alcetas； the father of Alcetas was Aeropus； of Aeropus； Philip； of Philip； Argaeus； of Argaeus； Perdiccas； the first sovereign。 Such was the descent of Alexander。 （SS 1。） When Alexander reached Athens as the ambassador of Mardonius； he spoke
