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though　he　was　present　in　court；　did　not　speak　in　his　own　defence；　for　his　thigh　had　begun　to　mortify；　and　disabled　him　from　pleading　his　cause。　He　was　forced　to　lie　on　a　couch　while　his　defence　was　made　by　his　friends；　who　dwelt　at　most　length　on　the　fight　at　Marathon；　while　they　made　mention　also　of　the　capture　of　Lemnos；　telling　how　Miltiades　took　the　island；　and；　after　executing　vengeance　on　the　Pelasgians；　gave　up　his　conquest　to　Athens。　The　judgment　of　the　people　was　in　his　favour　so　far　as　to　spare　his　life；　but　for　the　wrong　he　had　done　them　they　fined　him　fifty　talents。　Soon　afterwards　his　thigh　completely　gangrened　and　mortified：　and　so　Miltiades　died；　and　the　fifty　talents　were　paid　by　his　son　Cimon。　　　　　Now　the　way　in　which　Miltiades　had　made　himself　master　of　Lemnos　was　the　following。　There　were　certain　Pelasgians　whom　the　Athenians　once　drove　out　of　Attica；　whether　they　did　it…　justly　or　unjustly　I　cannot　say；　since　I　only　know　what　is　reported　concerning　it；　which　is　the　following：　Hecataeus；　the　son　of　Hegesander；　says　in　his　History　that　it　was　unjustly。　〃The　Athenians；〃　according　to　him；　〃had　given　to　the　Pelasgi　a　tract　of　land　at　the　foot　of　Hymettus　as　payment　for　the　wall　with　which　the　Pelasgians　had　surrounded　their　citadel。　This　land　was　barren；　and　little　worth　at　the　time；　but　the　Pelasgians　brought　it　into　good　condition；　whereupon　the　Athenians　begrudged　them　the　tract；　and　desired　to　recover　it。　And　so；　without　any　better　excuse；　they　took　arms　and　drove　out　the　Pelasgians。〃　But　the　Athenians　maintain　that　they　were　justified　in　what　they　did。　〃The　Pelasgians；〃　they　say；　〃while　they　lived　at　the　foot　of　Hymettus；　were　wont　to　sally　forth　from　that　region　and　commit　outrages　on　their　children。　For　the　Athenians　used　at　that　time　to　send　their　sons　and　daughters　to　draw　water　at　the　fountain　called　'the　Nine　Springs；'　inasmuch　as　neither　they　nor　the　other　Greeks　had　any　household　slaves　in　those　days；　and　the　maidens；　whenever　they　came；　were　used　rudely　and　insolently　by　the　Pelasgians。　Nor　were　they　even　content　thus；　but　at　the　last　they　laid　a　plot；　and　were　caught　by　the　Athenians　in　the　act　of　making　an　attempt　upon　their　city。　Then　did　the　Athenians　give　a　proof　how　much　better　men　they　were　than　the　Pelasgians；　for　whereas　they　might　justly　have　killed　them　all；　having　caught　them　in　the　very　act　of　rebelling；　the；　spared　their　lives；　and　only　required　that　they　should　leave　the　country。　Hereupon　the　Pelasgians　quitted　Attica；　and　settled　in　Lemnos　and　other　places。〃　Such　are　the　accounts　respectively　of　Hecataeus　and　the　Athenians。　　　　　These　same　Pelasgians；　after　they　were　settled　in　Lemnos；　conceived　the　wish　to　be　revenged　on　the　Athenians。　So；　as　they　were　well　acquainted　with　the　Athenian　festivals；　they　manned　some　penteconters；　and　having　laid　an　ambush　to　catch　the　Athenian　women　as　they　kept　the　festival　of　Diana　at　Brauron；　they　succeeded　in　carrying　off　a　large　number；　whom　they　took　to　Lemnos　and　there　kept　as　concubines。　After　a　while　the　women　bore　children；　whom　they　taught　to　speak　the　language　of　Attica　and　observe　the　manners　of　the　Athenians。　These　boys　refused　to　have　any　commerce　with　the　sons　of　the　Pelasgian　women；　and　if　a　Pelasgian　boy　struck　one　of　their　number；　they　all　made　common　cause；　and　joined　in　avenging　their　comrade；　nay；　the　Greek　boys　even　set　up　a　claim　to　exercise　lordship　over　the　others；　and　succeeded　in　gaining　the　upper　hand。　When　these　things　came　to　the　ears　of　the　Pelasgians；　they　took　counsel　together；　and；　on　considering　the　matter；　they　grew　frightened；　and　said　one　to　another；　〃If　these　boys　even　now　are　resolved　to　make　common　cause　against　the　sons　of　our　lawful　wives；　and　seek　to　exercise　lordship　over　them；　what　may　we　expect　when　they　grow　up　to　be　men？〃　Then　it　seemed　good　to　the　Pelasgians　to　kill　all　the　sons　of　the　Attic　women；　which　they　did　accordingly；　and　at　the　same　time　slew　likewise　their　mothers。　From　this　deed；　and　that　former　crime　of　the　Lemnian　women；　when　they　slew　their　husbands　in　the　days　of　Thoas；　it　has　come　to　be　usual　throughout　Greece　to　call　wicked　actions　by　the　name　of　〃Lemnian　deeds。〃　　　　　When　the　Pelasgians　had　thus　slain　their　children　and　their　women；　the　earth　refused　to　bring　forth　its　fruits　for　them；　and　their　wives　bore　fewer　children；　and　their　flocks　and　herds　increased　more　slowly　than　before；　till　at　last；　sore　pressed　by　famine　and　bereavement；　they　sent　men　to　Delphi；　and　begged　the　god　to　tell　them　how　they　might　obtain　deliverance　from　their　sufferings。　The　Pythoness　answered　that　〃they　must　give　the　Athenians　whatever　satisfaction　they　might　demand。〃　Then　the　Pelasgians　went　to　Athens　and　declared　their　wish　to　give　the　Athenians　satisfaction　for　the　wrong　which　they　had　done　to　them。　So　the　Athenians　had　a　couch　prepared　in　their　townhall；　and　adorned　it　with　the　fairest　coverlets；　and　set　by　its　side　a　table　laden　with　all　manner　of　good　things；　and　then　told　the　Pelasgians　they　must　deliver　up　their　country　to　them　in　a　similar　condition。　The　Pelasgians　answered　and　said；　〃When　a　ship　comes　with　a　north　wind　from　your　country　to　ours　in　a　single　day；　then　will　we　give　it　up　to　you。〃　This　they　said　because　they　knew　that　what　they　required　was　impossible；　for　Attica　lies　a　long　way　to　the　south　of　Lemnos。　　　　　No　more　passed　at　that　time。　But　very　many　years　afterwards；　when　the　Hellespontian　Chersonese　had　been　brought　under　the　power　of　Athens；　Miltiades；　the　son　of　Cimon；　sailed；　during　the　prevalence　of　the　Etesian　winds；　from　Elaeus　in　the　Chersonese　to　Lemnos；　and　called　on　the　Pelasgians　to　quit　their　island；　reminding　them　of　the　prophecy　which　they　had　supposed　it　impossible　to　fulfil。　The　people　of　Hephaestia　obeyed　the　call；　but　they　of　Myrina；　not　acknowledging　the　Chersonese　to　be　any　part　of　Attica；　refused　and　were　besieged　and　brought　over　by　force。　Thus　was　Lemnos　gained　by　the　Athenians　and　Miltiades。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　The　Seventh　Book；　Entitled　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　POLYMNIA

　　　　Now　when　tidings　of　the　battle　that　had　been　fought　at　Marathon　reached　the　ears　of　King　Darius；　the　son　of　Hystaspes；　his　anger　against　the　Athenians；　which　had　been　already　roused　by　their　attack　upon　Sardis；　waxed　still　fiercer；　and　he　became　more　than　ever　eager　to　lead　an　army　against　Greece。　Instantly　he　sent　off　messengers　to　make　proclamation　through　the　several　states　that　fresh　levies　were　to　be　raised；　and　these　at　an　increased　rate；　while　ships；　horses；　provisions；　and　transports　were　likewise　to　be　furnished。　So　the　men　published　his　commands；　and　now　all　Asia　was　in　commotion　by　the　space　of　three　years；　while　everywhere；　as　Greece　was　to　be　attacked；　the　best　and　bravest　were　enrolled　for　the　service；　and　had　to　make　their　preparations　accordingly。　　　　　After　this；　in　the　fourth　year；　the　Egyptians　whom　Cambyses　had　enslaved　revolted　from　the　Persians；　whereupon　Darius　was　more　hot　for　war　than　ever；　and　earnestly　desired　to　march　an　army　against　both　adversaries。　　　　　Now；　as　he　was　about　to　lead　forth　his　levies　against　Egypt　and　Athens；　a　fierce　contention　for　the　sovereign　power　arose　among　his　sons；　since　the　law　of　the　Persians　was　that　a　king　must　not　go　out　with　his　army；　until　he　has　appointed　one　to　succeed　him　upon　the　throne。　Darius；　before　he　obtained　the　kingdom；　had　had　three　sons　born　to　him　from　his　former　wife；　who　was　a　daughter　of　Gobryas；　while；　since　he　began　to　reign；　Atossa；　the　daughter　of　Cyrus；　had　borne　him　four。　Artabazanes　was　the　eldest　of　the　first　family；　and　Xerxes　of　the　second。　These　two；　therefore；　being　the　sons　of　different　mothers；　were　now　at　variance。　Artabazanes　claimed　the　crown　as　the　eldest　of　all　the　children；　because　it　was　an　established　custom　all　over　the　world　for　the　eldest　to　have　the　pre…eminence；　while　Xerxes；　on　the　other　hand；　urged　that　he　was　sprung　from　Atossa；　the　daughter　of　Cyrus；　and　that　it　was　Cyrus　who　had　won　the　Persians　their　freedom。　　　　　Before　Darius　had　pronounced　on　the　matter；　it　happened　that　Demaratus；　the　son　of　Ariston；　who　had　been　deprived　of　his　crown　at　Sparta；　and　had　afterwards；　of　his　own　accord；　gone　into　banishment；　came　up　to　Susa；　and　there　heard　of　the　quarrel　of　the　princes。　Hereupon；