the history-µÚ105ÕÂ
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
henians¡¡were¡¡about¡¡to¡¡attack¡¡them¡¡in¡¡return£»¡¡when¡¡they¡¡were¡¡stopped¡¡by¡¡the¡¡oracle¡¡of¡¡Delphi£»¡¡which¡¡bade¡¡them¡¡wait¡¡till¡¡thirty¡¡years¡¡had¡¡passed¡¡from¡¡the¡¡time¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Eginetans¡¡did¡¡the¡¡wrong£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡the¡¡thirty¡first¡¡year£»¡¡having¡¡first¡¡set¡¡apart¡¡a¡¡precinct¡¡for¡¡Aeacus£»¡¡then¡¡to¡¡begin¡¡the¡¡war¡£¡¡¡¨So¡¡should¡¡they¡¡succeed¡¡to¡¡their¡¡wish£»¡¨¡¡the¡¡oracle¡¡said£»¡¡¡¨but¡¡if¡¡they¡¡went¡¡to¡¡war¡¡at¡¡once£»¡¡though¡¡they¡¡would¡¡still¡¡conquer¡¡the¡¡island¡¡in¡¡the¡¡end£»¡¡yet¡¡they¡¡must¡¡go¡¡through¡¡much¡¡suffering¡¡and¡¡much¡¡exertion¡¡before¡¡taking¡¡it¡£¡¨¡¡On¡¡receiving¡¡this¡¡warning¡¡the¡¡Athenians¡¡set¡¡apart¡¡a¡¡precinct¡¡for¡¡Aeacus¡¡¡the¡¡same¡¡which¡¡still¡¡remains¡¡dedicated¡¡to¡¡him¡¡in¡¡their¡¡market¡place¡¡¡but¡¡they¡¡could¡¡not¡¡hear¡¡with¡¡any¡¡patience¡¡of¡¡waiting¡¡thirty¡¡years£»¡¡after¡¡they¡¡had¡¡suffered¡¡such¡¡grievous¡¡wrong¡¡at¡¡the¡¡hands¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Eginetans¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Accordingly¡¡they¡¡were¡¡making¡¡ready¡¡to¡¡take¡¡their¡¡revenge¡¡when¡¡a¡¡fresh¡¡stir¡¡on¡¡the¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Lacedaemonians¡¡hindered¡¡their¡¡projects¡£¡¡These¡¡last¡¡had¡¡become¡¡aware¡¡of¡¡the¡¡truth¡¡¡how¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Alcmaeonidae¡¡had¡¡practised¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Pythoness£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Pythoness¡¡had¡¡schemed¡¡against¡¡themselves£»¡¡and¡¡against¡¡the¡¡Pisistratidae£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡discovery¡¡was¡¡a¡¡double¡¡grief¡¡to¡¡them£»¡¡for¡¡while¡¡they¡¡had¡¡driven¡¡their¡¡own¡¡sworn¡¡friends¡¡into¡¡exile£»¡¡they¡¡found¡¡that¡¡they¡¡had¡¡not¡¡gained¡¡thereby¡¡a¡¡particle¡¡of¡¡good¡¡will¡¡from¡¡Athens¡£¡¡They¡¡were¡¡also¡¡moved¡¡by¡¡certain¡¡prophecies£»¡¡which¡¡declared¡¡that¡¡many¡¡dire¡¡calamities¡¡should¡¡befall¡¡them¡¡at¡¡the¡¡hands¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Athenians¡£¡¡Of¡¡these¡¡in¡¡times¡¡past¡¡they¡¡had¡¡been¡¡ignorant£»¡¡but¡¡now¡¡they¡¡had¡¡become¡¡acquainted¡¡with¡¡them¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡Cleomenes£»¡¡who¡¡had¡¡brought¡¡them¡¡with¡¡him¡¡to¡¡Sparta£»¡¡having¡¡found¡¡them¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Athenian¡¡citadel£»¡¡where¡¡they¡¡had¡¡been¡¡left¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Pisistratidae¡¡when¡¡they¡¡were¡¡driven¡¡from¡¡Athens£º¡¡they¡¡were¡¡in¡¡the¡¡temple£»¡¡and¡¡Cleomenes¡¡having¡¡discovered¡¡them£»¡¡carried¡¡them¡¡off¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡So¡¡when¡¡the¡¡Lacedaemonians¡¡obtained¡¡possession¡¡of¡¡the¡¡prophecies£»¡¡and¡¡saw¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Athenians¡¡were¡¡growing¡¡in¡¡strength£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡no¡¡mind¡¡to¡¡acknowledge¡¡any¡¡subjection¡¡to¡¡their¡¡control£»¡¡it¡¡occurred¡¡to¡¡them¡¡that£»¡¡if¡¡the¡¡people¡¡of¡¡Attica¡¡were¡¡free£»¡¡they¡¡would¡¡be¡¡likely¡¡to¡¡be¡¡as¡¡powerful¡¡as¡¡themselves£»¡¡but¡¡if¡¡they¡¡were¡¡oppressed¡¡by¡¡a¡¡tyranny£»¡¡they¡¡would¡¡be¡¡weak¡¡and¡¡submissive¡£¡¡Under¡¡this¡¡feeling¡¡they¡¡sent¡¡and¡¡recalled¡¡Hippias£»¡¡the¡¡son¡¡of¡¡Pisistratus£»¡¡from¡¡Sigeum¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡Hellespont£»¡¡where¡¡the¡¡Pisistratidae¡¡had¡¡taken¡¡shelter¡£¡¡Hippias¡¡came¡¡at¡¡their¡¡bidding£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Spartans¡¡on¡¡his¡¡arrival¡¡summoned¡¡deputies¡¡from¡¡all¡¡their¡¡other¡¡allies£»¡¡and¡¡thus¡¡addressed¡¡the¡¡assembly£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Friends¡¡and¡¡brothers¡¡in¡¡arms£»¡¡we¡¡are¡¡free¡¡to¡¡confess¡¡that¡¡we¡¡did¡¡lately¡¡a¡¡thing¡¡which¡¡was¡¡not¡¡right¡£¡¡Misled¡¡by¡¡counterfeit¡¡oracles£»¡¡we¡¡drove¡¡from¡¡their¡¡country¡¡those¡¡who¡¡were¡¡our¡¡sworn¡¡and¡¡true¡¡friends£»¡¡and¡¡who¡¡had£»¡¡moreover£»¡¡engaged¡¡to¡¡keep¡¡Athens¡¡in¡¡dependence¡¡upon¡¡us£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡delivered¡¡the¡¡government¡¡into¡¡the¡¡hands¡¡of¡¡an¡¡unthankful¡¡people¡¡¡a¡¡people¡¡who¡¡no¡¡sooner¡¡got¡¡their¡¡freedom¡¡by¡¡our¡¡means£»¡¡and¡¡grew¡¡in¡¡power£»¡¡than¡¡they¡¡turned¡¡us¡¡and¡¡our¡¡king£»¡¡with¡¡every¡¡token¡¡of¡¡insult£»¡¡out¡¡of¡¡their¡¡city¡£¡¡Since¡¡then¡¡they¡¡have¡¡gone¡¡on¡¡continually¡¡raising¡¡their¡¡thoughts¡¡higher£»¡¡as¡¡their¡¡neighbours¡¡of¡¡Boeotia¡¡and¡¡Chalcis¡¡have¡¡already¡¡discovered¡¡to¡¡their¡¡cost£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡others¡¡too¡¡will¡¡presently¡¡discover¡¡if¡¡they¡¡shall¡¡offend¡¡them¡£¡¡Having¡¡thus¡¡erred£»¡¡we¡¡will¡¡endeavour¡¡now£»¡¡with¡¡your¡¡help£»¡¡to¡¡remedy¡¡the¡¡evils¡¡we¡¡have¡¡caused£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡obtain¡¡vengeance¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Athenians¡£¡¡For¡¡this¡¡cause¡¡we¡¡have¡¡sent¡¡for¡¡Hippias¡¡to¡¡come¡¡here£»¡¡and¡¡have¡¡summoned¡¡you¡¡likewise¡¡from¡¡your¡¡several¡¡states£»¡¡that¡¡we¡¡may¡¡all¡¡now¡¡with¡¡heart¡¡and¡¡hand¡¡unite¡¡to¡¡restore¡¡him¡¡to¡¡Athens£»¡¡and¡¡thereby¡¡give¡¡him¡¡back¡¡that¡¡which¡¡we¡¡took¡¡from¡¡him¡¡formerly¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨SS¡¡1¡££©¡¡Such¡¡was¡¡the¡¡address¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Spartans¡£¡¡The¡¡greater¡¡number¡¡of¡¡the¡¡allies¡¡listened¡¡without¡¡being¡¡persuaded¡£¡¡None¡¡however¡¡broke¡¡silence¡¡but¡¡Sosicles¡¡the¡¡Corinthian£»¡¡who¡¡exclaimed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Surely¡¡the¡¡heaven¡¡will¡¡soon¡¡be¡¡below£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡earth¡¡above£»¡¡and¡¡men¡¡will¡¡henceforth¡¡live¡¡in¡¡the¡¡sea£»¡¡and¡¡fish¡¡take¡¡their¡¡place¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡dry¡¡land£»¡¡since¡¡you£»¡¡Lacedaemonians£»¡¡propose¡¡to¡¡put¡¡down¡¡free¡¡governments¡¡in¡¡the¡¡cities¡¡of¡¡Greece£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡set¡¡up¡¡tyrannies¡¡in¡¡their¡¡room¡£¡¡There¡¡is¡¡nothing¡¡in¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡world¡¡so¡¡unjust£»¡¡nothing¡¡so¡¡bloody£»¡¡as¡¡a¡¡tyranny¡£¡¡If£»¡¡however£»¡¡it¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡you¡¡a¡¡desirable¡¡thing¡¡to¡¡have¡¡the¡¡cities¡¡under¡¡despotic¡¡rule£»¡¡begin¡¡by¡¡putting¡¡a¡¡tyrant¡¡over¡¡yourselves£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡establish¡¡despots¡¡in¡¡the¡¡other¡¡states¡£¡¡While¡¡you¡¡continue¡¡yourselves£»¡¡as¡¡you¡¡have¡¡always¡¡been£»¡¡unacquainted¡¡with¡¡tyranny£»¡¡and¡¡take¡¡such¡¡excellent¡¡care¡¡that¡¡Sparta¡¡may¡¡not¡¡suffer¡¡from¡¡it£»¡¡to¡¡act¡¡as¡¡you¡¡are¡¡now¡¡doing¡¡is¡¡to¡¡treat¡¡your¡¡allies¡¡unworthily¡£¡¡If¡¡you¡¡knew¡¡what¡¡tyranny¡¡was¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡ourselves£»¡¡you¡¡would¡¡be¡¡better¡¡advised¡¡than¡¡you¡¡now¡¡are¡¡in¡¡regard¡¡to¡¡it¡£¡¡£¨SS¡¡2¡££©¡¡The¡¡government¡¡at¡¡Corinth¡¡was¡¡once¡¡an¡¡oligarchy¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡single¡¡race£»¡¡called¡¡Bacchiadae£»¡¡who¡¡intermarried¡¡only¡¡among¡¡themselves£»¡¡held¡¡the¡¡management¡¡of¡¡affairs¡£¡¡Now¡¡it¡¡happened¡¡that¡¡Amphion£»¡¡one¡¡of¡¡these£»¡¡had¡¡a¡¡daughter£»¡¡named¡¡Labda£»¡¡who¡¡was¡¡lame£»¡¡and¡¡whom¡¡therefore¡¡none¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bacchiadae¡¡would¡¡consent¡¡to¡¡marry£»¡¡so¡¡she¡¡was¡¡taken¡¡to¡¡wife¡¡by¡¡Aetion£»¡¡son¡¡of¡¡Echecrates£»¡¡a¡¡man¡¡of¡¡the¡¡township¡¡of¡¡Petra£»¡¡who¡¡was£»¡¡however£»¡¡by¡¡descent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡race¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Lapithae£»¡¡and¡¡of¡¡the¡¡house¡¡of¡¡Caeneus¡£¡¡Aetion£»¡¡as¡¡he¡¡had¡¡no¡¡child£»¡¡either¡¡by¡¡this¡¡wife¡¡or¡¡by¡¡any¡¡other£»¡¡went¡¡to¡¡Delphi¡¡to¡¡consult¡¡the¡¡oracle¡¡concerning¡¡the¡¡matter¡£¡¡Scarcely¡¡had¡¡he¡¡entered¡¡the¡¡temple¡¡when¡¡the¡¡Pythoness¡¡saluted¡¡him¡¡in¡¡these¡¡words¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡No¡¡one¡¡honours¡¡thee¡¡now£»¡¡Aetion£»¡¡worthy¡¡of¡¡honour¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Labda¡¡shall¡¡soon¡¡be¡¡a¡¡mother¡¡¡her¡¡offspring¡¡a¡¡rock£»¡¡that¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡day¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Fall¡¡on¡¡the¡¡kingly¡¡race£»¡¡and¡¡right¡¡the¡¡city¡¡of¡¡Corinth¡£
By¡¡some¡¡chance¡¡this¡¡address¡¡of¡¡the¡¡oracle¡¡to¡¡Aetion¡¡came¡¡to¡¡the¡¡ears¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bacchiadae£»¡¡who¡¡till¡¡then¡¡had¡¡been¡¡unable¡¡to¡¡perceive¡¡the¡¡meaning¡¡of¡¡another¡¡earlier¡¡prophecy¡¡which¡¡likewise¡¡bore¡¡upon¡¡Corinth£»¡¡and¡¡pointed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡same¡¡event¡¡as¡¡Aetion's¡¡prediction¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡the¡¡following£º¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡mid¡¡the¡¡rocks¡¡an¡¡eagle¡¡shall¡¡bear¡¡a¡¡carnivorous¡¡lion£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mighty¡¡and¡¡fierce£»¡¡he¡¡shall¡¡loosen¡¡the¡¡limbs¡¡of¡¡many¡¡beneath¡¡them¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Brood¡¡ye¡¡well¡¡upon¡¡this£»¡¡all¡¡ye¡¡Corinthian¡¡people£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ye¡¡who¡¡dwell¡¡by¡¡fair¡¡Peirene£»¡¡and¡¡beetling¡¡Corinth¡£
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨SS¡¡3¡££©¡¡The¡¡Bacchiadae¡¡had¡¡possessed¡¡this¡¡oracle¡¡for¡¡some¡¡time£»¡¡but¡¡they¡¡were¡¡quite¡¡at¡¡a¡¡loss¡¡to¡¡know¡¡what¡¡it¡¡meant¡¡until¡¡they¡¡heard¡¡the¡¡response¡¡given¡¡to¡¡Aetion£»¡¡then¡¡however¡¡they¡¡at¡¡once¡¡perceived¡¡its¡¡meaning£»¡¡since¡¡the¡¡two¡¡agreed¡¡so¡¡well¡¡together¡£¡¡Nevertheless£»¡¡though¡¡the¡¡bearing¡¡of¡¡the¡¡first¡¡prophecy¡¡was¡¡now¡¡clear¡¡to¡¡them£»¡¡they¡¡remained¡¡quiet£»¡¡being¡¡minded¡¡to¡¡put¡¡to¡¡death¡¡the¡¡child¡¡which¡¡Aetion¡¡was¡¡expecting¡£¡¡As¡¡soon£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡as¡¡his¡¡wife¡¡was¡¡delivered£»¡¡they¡¡sent¡¡ten¡¡of¡¡their¡¡number¡¡to¡¡the¡¡township¡¡where¡¡Aetion¡¡lived£»¡¡with¡¡orders¡¡to¡¡make¡¡away¡¡with¡¡the¡¡baby¡£¡¡So¡¡the¡¡men¡¡came¡¡to¡¡Petra£»¡¡and¡¡went¡¡into¡¡Aetion's¡¡house£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡asked¡¡if¡¡they¡¡might¡¡see¡¡the¡¡child£»¡¡and¡¡Labda£»¡¡who¡¡knew¡¡nothing¡¡of¡¡their¡¡purpose£»¡¡but¡¡thought¡¡their¡¡inquiries¡¡arose¡¡from¡¡a¡¡kindly¡¡feeling¡¡towards¡¡her¡¡husband£»¡¡brought¡¡the¡¡child£»¡¡and¡¡laid¡¡him¡¡in¡¡the¡¡arms¡¡of¡¡one¡¡of¡¡them¡£¡¡Now¡¡they¡¡had¡¡agreed¡¡by¡¡the¡¡way¡¡that¡¡whoever¡¡first¡¡got¡¡hold¡¡of¡¡the¡¡child¡¡should¡¡dash¡¡it¡¡against¡¡the¡¡ground¡£¡¡It¡¡happened£»¡¡however£»¡¡by¡¡a¡¡providential¡¡chance£»¡¡that¡¡the¡¡babe£»¡¡just¡¡as¡¡Labda¡¡put¡¡him¡¡into¡¡the¡¡man's¡¡arms£»¡¡smiled¡¡in¡¡his¡¡face¡£¡¡The¡¡man¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡smile£»¡¡and¡¡was¡¡touched¡¡with¡¡pity£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡he¡¡could¡¡not¡¡kill¡¡it£»¡¡he¡¡therefore¡¡passed¡¡it¡¡on¡¡to¡¡his¡¡next¡¡neighbour£»¡¡who¡¡gave¡¡it¡¡to¡¡a¡¡third£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡it¡¡went¡¡through¡¡all¡¡the¡¡ten¡¡without¡¡any¡¡one¡¡choosing¡¡to¡¡be¡¡the¡¡murderer¡£¡¡The¡¡mother¡¡received¡¡her¡¡child¡¡back£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡men¡¡went¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡house£»¡¡and¡¡stood¡¡near¡¡the¡¡door£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡blamed¡¡and¡¡reproached¡¡one¡¡another£»¡¡chiefly¡¡however¡¡accusing¡¡the¡¡man¡¡who¡¡had¡¡first¡¡had¡¡the¡¡child¡¡in¡¡his¡¡arms£»¡¡because¡¡he¡¡had¡¡not¡¡done¡¡as¡¡had¡¡been¡¡agreed¡¡upon¡£¡¡At¡¡last£»¡¡after¡¡much¡¡time¡¡had¡¡been¡¡thus¡¡spent£»¡¡they¡¡resolved¡¡to¡¡go¡¡into¡¡the¡¡house¡¡again¡¡and¡¡all¡¡take¡¡part¡¡in¡¡the¡¡murder¡£¡¡£¨SS¡¡4¡££©¡¡But¡¡it¡¡was¡¡fated¡¡that¡¡evil¡¡should¡¡come¡¡upon¡¡Corinth¡¡from¡¡the¡¡progeny¡¡of¡¡Aetion£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡it¡¡chanced¡¡that¡¡Labda£»¡¡as¡¡she¡¡stood¡¡near¡¡the¡¡door£»¡¡heard¡¡all¡¡that¡¡the¡¡men¡¡said¡¡to¡¡one¡¡another£»¡¡and¡¡fearful¡¡of¡¡their¡¡changing¡¡their¡¡mind£»¡¡and¡¡returning¡¡to¡¡destroy¡¡her¡¡baby£»¡¡she¡¡carried¡¡him¡¡off¡¡and¡¡hid¡¡him¡¡in¡¡what¡¡seemed¡¡to¡¡her¡¡the¡¡most¡¡unlikely¡¡place¡¡to¡¡be¡¡suspected£»¡¡viz¡££»¡¡a¡¡'cypsel'¡¡or¡¡corn¡bin¡£¡¡She¡¡knew¡¡that¡¡if¡¡they¡¡came¡¡back¡¡to¡¡look¡¡for¡¡the¡¡child£»¡¡they¡¡would¡¡search¡¡all¡¡her¡¡house£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡indeed¡¡they¡¡did£»¡¡but¡¡not¡¡find