of the epidemics-第4章
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passed through most of them; and appeared to be in an uncomfortable
way; and yet all who were attacked with these symptoms recovered。
All the symptoms which I have described occurred also to women and
girls; and whoever of them had any of these symptoms in a favorable
manner; or the menses appeared abundantly; were saved thereby; and had
a crisis; so that I do not know a single female who had any of these
favorably that died。 But the daughter of Philo; who had a copious
hemorrhage from the nose; and took supper unseasonably on the
seventh day; died。 In those cases of acute; and more especially of
ardent fevers; in which there is an involuntary discharge of tears;
you may expect a nasal hemorrhage unless the other symptoms be of a
fatal type; for in those of a bad description; they do not indicate
a hemorrhage; but death。
12。 Swellings about the ears; with pain in fevers; sometimes when
the fever went off critically; neither subsided nor were converted
into pus; in these cases a bilious diarrhoea; or dysentery; or thick
urine having a sediment; carried off the disease; as happened to
Hermippus of Clazomenae。 The circumstances relating to crises; as
far as we can recognize them; were so far similar and so far
dissimilar。 Thus two brothers became ill at the same hour (they were
brothers of Epigenes; and lodged near the theatre); of these the elder
had a crisis on the sixth day; and the younger on the seventh; and
both had a relapse at the same hour; it then left them for five
days; and from the return of the fever both had a crisis together on
the seventeenth day。 Most had a crisis on the sixth day; it then
left them for six days; and from the relapse there was a crisis on the
fifth day。 But those who had a crisis on the seventh day; had an
intermission for seven days; and the crisis took place on the third
day after the relapse。 Those who had a crisis on the sixth day;
after an interval of six days were seized again on the third; and
having left them for one day; the fever attacked them again on the
next and came to a crisis; as happened to Evagon the son of
Daetharses。 Those in whom the crisis happened on the sixth day; had an
intermission of seven days; and from the relapse there was a crisis on
the fourth; as happened to the daughter of Aglaidas。 The greater
part of those who were taken ill under this constitution of things;
were affected in this manner; and I did not know a single case of
recovery; in which there was not a relapse agreeably to the stated
order of relapses; and all those recovered in which the relapses
took place according to this form: nor did I know a single instance of
those who then passed through the disease in this manner who had
another relapse。
13。 In these diseases death generally happened on the sixth day;
as with Epaminondas; Silenus; and Philiscus the son of Antagoras。
Those who had parotid swellings experienced a crisis on the
twentieth day; but in all these cases the disease went off without
coming to a suppuration; and was turned upon the bladder。 But in
Cratistonax; who lived by the temple of Hercules; and in the maid
servant of Scymnus the fuller; it turned to a suppuration; and they
died。 Those who had a crisis on the seventh day; had an intermission
of nine days; and a relapse which came to a crisis on the fourth day
from the return of the fever; as was the case with Pantacles; who
resided close by the temple of Bacchus。 Those who had a crisis on
the seventh day; after an interval of six days had a relapse; from
which they had a crisis on the seventh day; as happened to
Phanocritus; who was lodged with Gnathon the fuller。 During the
winter; about the winter solstices; and until the equinox; the
ardent fevers and frenzies prevailed; and many died。 The crisis;
however; changed; and happened to the greater number on the fifth
day from the commencement; left them for four days and relapsed; and
after the return; there was a crisis on the fifth day; making in all
fourteen days。 The crisis took place thus in the case of most
children; also in elder persons。 Some had a crisis on the eleventh
day; a relapse on the fourteenth; a complete crisis on the
twentieth; but certain persons; who had a rigor about the twentieth;
had a crisis on the fortieth。 The greater part had a rigor along
with the original crisis; and these had also a rigor about the
crisis in the relapse。 There were fewest cases of rigor in the spring;
more in summer; still more in autumn; but by far the most in winter;
then hemorrhages ceased。
Sect。 III
1。 With regard to diseases; the circumstances from which we form a
judgment of them are;… by attending to the general nature of all;
and the peculiar nature of each individual;… to the disease; the
patient; and the applications;… to the person who applies them; as
that makes a difference for better or for worse;… to the whole
constitution of the season; and particularly to the state of the
heavens; and the nature of each country;… to the patient's habits;
regimen; and pursuits;… to his conversation; manners; taciturnity;
thoughts; sleep; or absence of sleep; and sometimes his dreams; what
and when they occur;… to his picking and scratching;… to his tears;…
to the alvine discharges; urine; sputa; and vomitings; and to the
changes of diseases from the one into the other;… to the deposits;
whether of a deadly or critical character;… to the sweat; coldness;
rigor; cough; sneezing; hiccup; respiration; eructation; flatulence;
whether passed silently or with a noise;… to hemorrhages and
hemorrhoids;… from these; and their consequences; we must form our
judgment。
2。 Fevers are;… the continual; some of which hold during the day and
have a remission at night; and others hold a remission during the day;
semi…tertians; tertians; quartans; quintans; septans; nonans。 The most
acute; strongest; most dangerous; and fatal diseases; occur in the
continual fever。 The least dangerous of all; and the mildest and
most protracted; is the quartan; for it is not only such from
itself; but it also carries off other great diseases。 In what is
called the semi…tertian; other acute diseases are apt to occur; and it
is the most fatal of all others; and moreover phthisical persons;
and those laboring under other protracted diseases; are apt to be
attacked by it。 The nocturnal fever is not very fatal; but protracted;
the diurnal is still more protracted; and in some cases passes into
phthisis。 The septan is protracted; but not fatal; the nonan more
protracted; and not fatal。 The true tertian comes quickly to a crisis;
and is not fatal; but the quintan is the worst of all; for it proves
fatal when it precedes an attack of phthisis; and when it supervenes
on persons who are already consumptive。 There are peculiar modes;
and constitutions; and paroxysms; in every one of these fevers; for
example;… the continual; in some cases at the very commencement;
grows; as it were; and attains its full strength; and rises to its
most dangerous pitch; but is diminished about and at the crisis; in
others it begins gentle and suppressed; but gains ground and is
exacerbated every day; and bursts forth with all its heat about and at
the crisis; while in others; again; it commences mildly; increases;
and is exacerbated until it reaches its acme; and then remits until at
and about the crisis。 These varieties occur in every fever; and in
every disease。 From these observations one must regulate the regimen
accordingly。 There are many other important symptoms allied to
these; part of which have been already noticed; and part will be
described afterwards; from a consideration of which one may judge; and
decided in each case; whether th