of the epidemics-第11章

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brought　up　with　much　pain；　and　even　when　they　had　some　slight　pain；　in



all　cases　the　purging　of　the　matters　about　the　lungs　went　on　mildly。



The　fauces　were　not　very　irritable；　nor　were　they　troubled　with　any



saltish　humors；　but　there　were　viscid；　white；　liquid；　frothy；　and



copious　defluxions　from　the　head。　But　by　far　the　greatest　mischief



attending　these　and　the　other　complaints；　was　the　aversion　to　food；　as



has　been　described。　For　neither　been　described。　For　neither　had　they



any　relish　for　drink　along　with　their　food；　but　continued　without



thirst。　There　was　heaviness　of　the　body；　disposition　to　coma；　in



most　cases　swelling；　which　ended　in　dropsy；　they　had　rigors；　and



were　delirious　towards　death。



　　14。　The　form　of　body　peculiarly　subject　to　phthisical　complaints　was



the　smooth；　the　whitish；　that　resembling　the　lentil；　the　reddish；



the　blue…eyed；　the　leucophlegmatic；　and　that　with　the　scapulae



having　the　appearance　of　wings：　and　women　in　like　manner；　with



regard　to　the　melancholic　and　subsanguineous；　phrenitic　and　dysenteric



affections　principally　attacked　them。　Tenesmus　troubled　young



persons　of　a　phlegmatic　temperament。　Chronic　diarrhoea；　acrid　and



viscid　discharges　from　the　bowels；　attacked　those　who　were　troubled



with　bitter　bile。



　　15。　To　all　those　which　have　been　described；　the　season　of　spring　was



most　inimical；　and　proved　fatal　to　the　greatest　numbers：　the　summer



was　the　most　favorable　to　them；　and　the　fewest　died　then；　in　autumn；



and　under　the　Pleiades；　again　there　died　great　numbers。　It　appears



to　me；　according　to　the　reason　of　things；　that　the　coming　on　of　summer



should　have　done　good　in　these　cases；　for　winter　coming　on　cures　the



diseases　of　summer；　and　summer　coming　on　removes　the　diseases　of



winter。　And　yet　the　summer　in　question　was　not　of　itself　well



constituted；　for　it　became　suddenly　hot；　southerly；　and　calm；　but；　not



withstanding；　it　proved　beneficial　by　producing　a　change　on　the



other　constitution。



　　16。　I　look　upon　it　as　being　a　great　part　of　the　art　to　be　able　to



judge　properly　of　that　which　has　been　written。　For　he　that　knows　and



makes　a　proper　use　of　these　things；　would　appear　to　me　not　likely　to



commit　any　great　mistake　in　the　art。　He　ought　to　learn　accurately



the　constitution　of　every　one　of　the　seasons；　and　of　the　diseases；



whatever　that　is　common　in　each　constitution　and　disease　is　good；



and　whatever　is　bad；　whatever　disease　will　be　protracted　and　end　in



death；　and　whatever　will　be　protracted　and　end　in　recovery；　which



disease　of　an　acute　nature　will　end　in　death；　and　which　in　recovery。



From　these　it　is　easy　to　know　the　order　of　the　critical　days；　and



prognosticate　from　them　accordingly。　And　to　a　person　who　is　skilled　in



these　things；　it　is　easy　to　know　to　whom；　when；　and　how　aliment



ought　to　be　administered。











　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Sixteen　Cases　of　Disease







　　CASE　I。　In　Thasus；　the　Parian　who　lodged　above　the　Temple　of　Diana



was　seized　with　an　acute　fever；　at　first　of　a　continual　and　ardent



type；　thirsty；　inclined　to　be　comatose　at　first；　and　afterwards



troubled　with　insomnolency；　bowels　disordered　at　the　beginning；



urine　thin。　On　the　sixth　day；　passed　oily　urine；　was　delirious。　On　the



seventh；　all　the　symptoms　were　exacerbated；　had　no　sleep；　but　the



urine　of　the　same　characters；　and　the　understanding　disordered；　alvine



dejections　bilious　and　fatty。　On　the　eighth；　a　slight　epistaxis；　small



vomiting　of　verdigris…green　matters；　slept　a　little。　On　the　ninth；



in　the　same　state。　On　the　tenth；　all　the　symptoms　gave　way。　On　the



eleventh；　he　sweated；　but　not　over　the　whole　body；　he　became　cold；　but



immediately　recovered　his　heat　again。　On　the　fourteenth；　acute



fever；　discharges　bilious；　thin；　and　copious；　substances　floating　in



the　urine；　he　became　incoherent。　On　the　seventeenth；　in　a　painful



state；　for　he　had　no　sleep；　and　the　fever　was　more　intense。　On　the



twentieth；　sweated　all　over；　apyrexia；　dejections　bilious；　aversion　to



food；　comatose。　On　the　twenty…fourth；　had　a　relapse。　On　the



thirty…fourth；　apyrexia；　bowels　not　confined；　and　he　again　recovered



his　heat。　Fortieth；　apyrexia；　bowels　confined　for　no　long　time；



aversion　to　food；　had　again　slight　symptoms　of　fever；　and　throughout



in　an　irregular　form；　apyrexia　at　times；　and　at　others　not；　for　if　the



fever　intermitted；　and　was　alleviated　for　a　little；　it　immediately



relapsed　again；　he　used　much　and　improper　food；　sleep　bad；　about　the



time　of　the　relapse　he　was　delirious；　passed　thick　urine　at　that　time；



but　troubled；　and　of　bad　characters；　bowels　at　first　confined；　and



again　loose；　slight　fevers　of　a　continual　type；　discharges　copious　and



thin。　On　the　hundred　and　twentieth　day　he　died。　In　this　patient　the



bowels　were　constantly　from　the　first　either　loose；　with　bilious；



liquid；　and　copious　dejections；　or　constipated　with　hot　and　undigested



faeces；　the　urine　throughout　bad；　for　the　most　part　coma；　or



insomnolency　with　pain；　continued　aversion　to　food。　Ardent　fever。



　　Explanation　of　the　characters。　It　is　probable　that　the　weakness



produced　by　the　fever；　the　phrenitis；　and　affection　of　the



hypochondrium　caused　death　on　the　hundred　and　twentieth　day。



　　CASE　II。　In　Thasus；　the　woman　who　lodged　near　the　Cold　Water；　on　the



third　day　after　delivery　of　a　daughter；　the　lochial　discharge　not



taking　place；　was　seized　with　acute　fever；　accompanied　with　rigors。



But　a　considerable　time　before　delivery　she　was　feverish；　confined



to　bed；　and　loathed　her　food。　After　the　rigor　which　took　place；



continual　and　acute　fevers；　with　rigors。　On　the　eighth　and　following



days；　was　very　incoherent；　and　immediately　afterwards　became



collected；　bowels　disordered；　with　copious；　thin；　watery；　and



bilious　stools；　no　thirst。　On　the　eleventh　was　collected；　but　disposed



to　coma；　urine　copious；　thin；　and　black；　no　sleep。　On　the　twentieth；



slight　chills；　and　immediately　afterwards　was　warm；　slight



incoherence；　no　sleep；　with　regard　to　the　bowels；　in　the　same



condition；　urine　watery；　and　copious。　On　the　twenty…seventh；　free　from



fever；　bowels　constipated；　not　long　afterwards　violent　pain　of　the



right　hip…joint　for　a　considerable　time；　fevers　afterwards　supervened；



urine　watery。　On　the　fortieth；　complaints　about　the　hip…joint



better；　continued　coughs；　with　copious；　watery　sputa；　bowels



constipated；　aversion　to　food；　urine　the　same；　fever　not　leaving　her



entirely；　but　having　paroxysms　in　an　irregular　form；　sometimes



present；　sometimes　not。　On　the　sixtieth；　the　coughs　left　her　without　a



crisis；　for　no　concoction　of　the　sputa　took　place；　nor　any　of　the



usual　abscesses；　jaw　on　the　right　side　convulsively　retracted；



comatose；　was　again　incoherent；　and　immediately　became　collected；



utter　aversion　to　food；　the　jaw　became　relaxed；　alvine　discharges



small；　and　bilious；　fever　more　acute；　affected　with　rigors；　on　the



following　days　lost　her　speech；　and　again　became　collected；　and



talked。　On　the　eightieth　she　died。　In　this　case　the　urine　throughout



was　black；　thin；　and　watery；　coma　supervened；　there　was　aversion　to



food；　aversion　to　food；　despondency；　and　insomnolency；　irritability；



restlessness；　she　was　of　a　melancholic　turn　of　mind。



　　Explanation　of　the　characters。　It　is　probable　that　the　suppression



of　the　lochial　discharge　caused　death　on　the　day。



　　CASE　III。　In　Thasus；　Pythion；　who　was　lodged　above　the　Temple　of



Hercules；　from　labor；　fatigue；　and　neglected　diet；　was　seized　with



strong　rigor　and　acute　fever；　tongue　dry；　thirsty；　and　bilious；　had　no



sleep；　urine　darkish；　eneorema　floating　on　the　top　of　the　urine；　did



not　subside。　On　the　second　day；　about　noon；　coldness　of　the



extremities；　especially　about　the　hands　and　head；　loss　of　speech　and



of　articulation；　breathing　short　for　a　considerable　time；　recovered



his　he