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madam how and lady why(豪夫人和怀女士)-第5章

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Madam How a hundred different questions about it in the last ten years; 

and   she   always   answered   them   in   the   same   way;   saying;   〃Water;   water; 

you stupid man。〃        But I do not want you merely to depend on what I say。 

If   you   want    to  understand    Madam   How;       you    must   ask   her  questions 

yourself;  and   make   up   your   mind   yourself   like   a   man;  instead   of   taking 

things at hearsay or second…hand; like the vulgar。             Mind; by 〃the vulgar〃 I 

do not mean poor people: I mean ignorant and uneducated people; who do 

not use their brains rightly; though they may be fine ladies; kings; or popes。 

The Bible says; 〃Prove all things:           hold fast that which is good。〃         So do 

you prove my guess; and if it proves good; hold it fast。 

     And how can I do that? 

     First; by direct experiment; as it is called。         In plain English go home 

and make a little Hartford Bridge Flat in the stable…yard; and then ask Mrs。 

How   if   she   will   not   make   a   glen   in   it   like   this   glen   here。 We   will   go 

home and try that。       We will make a great flat cake of clay; and put upon it 

a cap of sand; and then we will rain upon it out of a watering…pot; and see 

if Mrs。 How does not begin soon to make a glen in the side of the heap; 

just like those on Hartford Bridge Flat。           I believe she will; and certainly; 

if she does; it will be a fresh proof that my guess is right。               And then we 

will see whether water will not make glens of a different shape than these; 

if it run over soils of a different kind。          We will make a Hartford Bridge 

Flat turned upside downa cake of sand with a cap of clay on the top; and 

we will rain on that out of our watering…pot; and see what sort of glens we 

make then。       I can guess what they will be like; because I have seen them… 

…steep overhanging cliffs; with very narrow gullies down them:                    but you 

shall try for yourself; and make up your mind whether you think me right 

or   wrong。     Meanwhile;   remember   that   those   gullies   too   will   have   been 

made by water。 

     And there is another way of 〃verifying my theory;〃 as it is called; in 

plain   English;   seeing   if   my   guess   holds   good;   that   is;   to   look   at   other 

valleysnot merely the valleys round here; but valleys in clay; in chalk; in 



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                                MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY 



limestone; in the hard slate rock such as you saw in Devonshireand see 

whether my guess does not hold good about them too; whether all of them; 

deep   or   shallow;   broad   or   narrow;   rock   or   earth;   may   not   have   been   all 

hollowed   out   by   running   water。       I   am   sure   if   you   would   do   this   you 

would      find  something      to  amuse    you;   and   something      to  instruct   you; 

whenever       you   wish。    I  know     that  I  do。   To    me   the  longest    railroad 

journey; instead of being stupid; is like continually turning over the leaves 

of a wonderful book; or looking at wonderful pictures of old worlds which 

were made and unmade thousands of years ago。                   For I keep looking; not 

only  at   the   railway  cuttings;   where   the   bones   of   the   old   worlds   are   laid 

bare; but at the surface of the ground; at the plains and downs; banks and 

knolls; hills and mountains; and continually asking Mrs。 How what gave 

them each its shape: and I will soon teach you to do the same。                  When you 

do;   I   tell   you   fairly   her   answer   will   be   in   almost   every   case;   〃Running 

water。〃 Either water running when soft; as it usually is; or water running 

when it is hardin plain words; moving ice。 

     About that moving ice; which is Mrs。 How's stronger spade; I will tell 

you some other time; and show you; too; the marks of it in every gravel pit 

about here。      But now; I see; you want to ask a question; and what is it? 

     Do I mean to say that water has made great valleys; such as you have 

seen paintings and photographs of;valleys thousands of feet deep; among 

mountains thousands of feet high? 

     Yes; I do。     But; as I said before; I do not like you to take my word 

upon trust。      When you are older you shall go to the mountains; and you 

shall   judge   for   yourself。    Still;   I  must   say   that   I   never   saw   a  valley; 

however deep; or a cliff; however high; which had not been scooped out 

by water; and that even the mountain…tops which stand up miles aloft in 

jagged peaks and pinnacles against the sky were cut out at first; and are 

being cut and sharpened still; by little else save water; soft and hard; that is; 

by rain; frost; and ice。 

     Water;   and   nothing   else;   has   sawn   out   such   a   chasm  as   that   through 

which the ships run up to Bristol; between Leigh Wood and St。 Vincent's 

Rocks。       Water;     and    nothing    else;   has   shaped     those    peaks    of   the 

Matterhorn; or the Weisshorn; or the Pic du Midi of the Pyrenees; of which 



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                               MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY 



you   have   seen   sketches   and   photographs。     Just   so   water   might   saw   out 

Hartford Bridge Flat; if it had time enough; into a labyrinth of valleys; and 

hills; and peaks standing alone; as it has done already by Ambarrow; and 

Edgbarrow; and the Folly Hill on the other side of the vale。 

     I see you are astonished at the notion that water can make Alps。 But it 

was just because I knew you would be astonished at Madam How's doing 

so great a thing with so simple a tool; that I began by showing you how 

she was doing the same thing in a small way here upon these flats。                    For 

the safest way to learn Madam How's methods is to watch her at work in 

little corners at commonplace business; which will not astonish or frighten 

us;   nor   put   huge   hasty   guesses   and   dreams   into   our   heads。  Sir   Isaac 

Newton; some will tell you; found out the great law of gravitation; which 

holds true of all the suns and stars in heaven; by watching an apple fall: 

and even if he did not find it out so; he found it out; we know; by careful 

thinking   over   the   plain   and   commonplace   fact;   that   things   have   weight。 

So do you be humble and patient; and watch Madam How at work on little 

things。    For that is the way to see her at work upon all space and time。 

     What? you have a question more to ask? 

     Oh!    I talked about Madam How lifting up Hartford Bridge Flat。 How 

could she do that?        My dear child; that is a long story; and I must tell it 

you some other time。        Meanwhile; did you ever see the lid of a kettle rise 

up and shake when the water inside boiled? Of course; and of course; too; 

remember that Madam How must have done it。                  Then think over between 

this and our next talk; what that can possibly have to do with her lifting up 

Hartford Bridge Flat。        But you have been longing; perhaps; all this time 

to   hear   more   about   Lady   Why;   and   why   she   set   Madam   How   to   make 

Bracknell's Bottom。 

     My dear child; the only answer I dare give to that is:            Whatever other 

purposes she may have made it for; she made it at least for thisthat you 

and I should come to it this day; and look at; and talk over it; and become 

thereby wiser and more earnest; and we will hope more humble and better 

people。     Whatever else Lady Why may wish or not wish; this she wishes 

always; to make all men wise and all men good。                 For what is written of 

her whom; as in a parable; I have called Lady Why? 



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