criminal psychology-第98章

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cteristic　to　understand　something　unknown　in　terms　of　some　known　example；　i。　e。；　the　Romans　who　first　saw　an　elephant；　called　it　‘‘bos　lucani。''　Similarly　‘‘wood…dog''　=　wolf；　‘‘sea…cat''　=　monkey；　etc。　These　are　forms　of　common　usage；　but　every　individual　is　accustomed　to　make　such　identifications　whenever　he　meets　with　any　strange　object。　He　speaks；　therefore；　to　some　degree　in　images；　　and　if　his　auditor　is　not　aware　of　the　fact　he　can　not　understand　him。　His　speaking　so　may　be　discovered　by　seeking　out　clearly　whether　and　what　things　were　new　and　foreign　to　the　speaker。　When　this　is　learned　it　may　be　assumed　that　he　will　express　himself　in　images　when　considering　the　unfamiliar　object。　Then　it　will　not　be　difficult　to　discover　the　nature　and　source　of　the　images。

Similar　difficulties　arise　with　the　usage　of　foreign　terms。　It　is　of　course　familiar　that　their　incorrect　use　is　not　confined　to　the　uneducated。　I　have　in　mind　particularly　the　weakening　of　the　meaning　in　our　own　language。　The　foreign　word；　according　to　Volkmar；　gets　its　significance　by　robbing　the　homonymous　native　word　of　its　definiteness　and　freshness；　and　is　therefore　sought　out　by　all　persons　who　are　unwilling　to　call　things　by　their　right　names。　The　‘‘_triste_　position''　is　far　from　being　so　sad　as　the　‘‘sad''　position。　I　should　like　to　know　how　a　great　many　people　could　speak；　if　they　were　not　permitted　to　say　_malheur_；　_m