the antiquities of the jews-1-第58章

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them　nearest　of　kin　to　her；　defend　her　If　the　damsel　obtain　a
sentence　in　her　favor；　that　she　had　not　been　guilty；　let　her　live
with　her　husband　that　accused　her；　and　let　him　not　have　any
further　power　at　all　to　put　her　away；　unless　she　give　him　very
great　occasions　of　suspicion；　and　such　as　can　be　no　way
contradicted。　But　for　him　that　brings　an　accusation　and　calumny
against　his　wife　in　an　impudent　and　rash　manner；　let　him　be
punished　by　receiving　forty　stripes　save　one；　and　let　him　pay
fifty　shekels　to　her　father：　but　if　the　damsel　be　convicted；　as
having　been　corrupted；　and　is　one　of　the　common　people；　let　her
be　stoned；　because　she　did　not　preserve　her　virginity　till　she
were　lawfully　married；　but　if　she　were　the　daughter　of　a　priest；
let　her　be　burnt　alive。　If　any　one　has　two　wives；　and　if　he
greatly　respect　and　be　kind　to　one　of　them；　either　out　of　his
affection　to　her；　or　for　her　beauty；　or　for　some　other　reason；
while　the　other　is　of　less　esteem　with　him；　and　if　the　son　of　her
that　is　beloved　be　the　younger　by　birth　than　another　born　of　the
other　wife；　but　endeavors　to　obtain　the　right　of　primogeniture
from　his　father's　kindness　to　his　mother；　and　would　thereby
obtain　a　double　portion　of　his　father's　substance；　for　that
double　portion　is　what　I　have　allotted　him　in　the　laws；　…　let　not
this　be　permitted；　for　it　is　unjust　that　he　who　is　the　elder　by
birth　should　be　deprived　of　what　is　due　to　him；　on　the　father's
disposition　of　his　estate；　because　his　mother　was　not　equally
regarded　by　him。　He　that　hath　corrupted　a　damsel　espoused　to
another　man；　in　case　he　had　her　consent；　let　both　him　and　her　be
put　to　death；　for　they　are　both　equally　guilty；　the　man；　because
he　persuaded　the　woman　willingly　to　submit　to　a　most　impure
action；　and　to　prefer　it　to　lawful　wedlock；　the　woman；　because
she　was　persuaded　to　yield　herself　to　be　corrupted；　either　for
pleasure　or　for　gain。　However；　if　a　man　light　on　a　woman　when　she
is　alone；　and　forces　her；　where　nobody　was　present　to　come　to　her
assistance；　let　him　only　be　put　to　death。　Let　him　that　hath
corrupted　a　virgin　not　yet　espoused　marry　her；　but　if　the　father
of　the　damsel　be　not　willing　that　she　should　be　his　wife；　let　him
pay　fifty　shekels　as　the　price　of　her　prostitution。　He　that
desires　to　be　divorced　from　his　wife　for　any　cause　（25）
whatsoever；　（and　many　such　causes　happen　among　men；）　let　him　in
writing　give　assurance　that　he　will　never　use　her　as　his　wife　any
more；　for　by　this　means　she　may　be　at　liberty　to　marry　another
husband；　although　before　this　bill　of　divorce　be　given；　she　is
not　to　be　permitted　so　to　do：　but　if　she　be　misused　by　him　also；
or　if；　when　he　is　dead；　her　first　husband　would　marry　her　again；
it　shall　not　be　lawful　for　her　to　return　to　him。　If　a　woman's
husband　die；　and　leave　her　without　children；　let　his　brother
marry　her；　and　let　him　call　the　son　that　is　born　to　him　by　his
brother's　name；　and　educate　him　as　the　heir　of　his　inheritance；
for　this　procedure　will　be　for　the　benefit　of　the　public；　because
thereby　families　will　not　fail；　and　the　estate　will　continue
among　the　kindred；　and　this　will　be　for　the　solace　of　wives　under
their　affliction；　that　they　are　to　be　married　to　the　next
relation　of　their　former　husbands。　But　if　the　brother　will　not
marry　her；　let　the　woman　come　before　the　senate；　and　protest
openly　that　this　brother　will　not　admit　her　for　his　wife；　but
will　injure　the　memory　of　his　deceased　brother；　while　she　is
willing　to　continue　in　the　family；　and　to　hear　him　children。　And
when　the　senate　have　inquired　of　him　for　what　reason　it　is　that
he　is　averse　to　this　marriage；　whether　he　gives　a　bad　or　a　good
reason；　the　matter　must　come　to　this　issue；　That　the　woman　shall

loose　the　sandals　of　the　brother；　and　shall　spit　in　his　face；　and
say；　He　deserves　this　reproachful　treatment　from　her；　as　having
injured　the　memory　of　the　deceased。　And　then　let　him　go　away　out
of　the　senate；　and　bear　this　reproach　upon　him　all　his　life　long；
and　let　her　marry　to　whom　she　pleases；　of　such　as　seek　her　in
marriage。　But　now；　if　any　man　take　captive；　either　a　virgin；　or
one　that　hath　been　married；　（26）　and　has　a　mind　to　marry　her；　let
him　not　be　allowed　to　bring　her　to　bed　to　him；　or　to　live　with
her　as　his　wife；　before　she　hath　her　head　shaven；　and　hath　put　on
her　mourning　habit；　and　lamented　her　relations　and　friends　that
were　slain　in　the　battle；　that　by　this　means　she　may　give　vent　to
her　sorrow　for　them；　and　after　that　may　betake　herself　to
feasting　and　matrimony；　for　it　is　good　for　him　that　takes　a
woman；　in　order　to　have　children　by　her；　to　be　complaisant　to　her
inclinations；　and　not　merely　to　pursue　his　own　pleasure；　while　he
hath　no　regard　to　what　is　agreeable　to　her。　But　when　thirty　days
are　past；　as　the　time　of　mourning；　for　so　many　are　sufficient　to
prudent　persons　for　lamenting　the　dearest　friends；　then　let　them
proceed　to　the　marriage；　but　in　case　when　he　hath　satisfied　his
lust；　he　be　too　proud　to　retain　her　for　his　wife；　let　him　not
have　it　in　his　power　to　make　her　a　slave；　but　let　her　go　away
whither　she　pleases；　and　have　that　privilege　of　a　free　woman。

24。　As　to　those　young　men　that　despise　their　parents；　and　do　not
pay　them　honor；　but　offer　them　affronts；　either　because　they　are
ashamed　of　them　or　think　themselves　wiser　than　they；　…　in　the
first　place；　let　their　parents　admonish　them　in　words；　（for　they
are　by　nature　of　authority　sufficient　for　becoming　their　judges；）
and　let　them　say　thus　to　them：　…　That　they　cohabited　together；
not　for　the　sake　of　pleasure；　nor　for　the　augmentation　of　their
riches；　by　joining　both　their　stocks　together；　but　that　they
might　have　children　to　take　care　of　them　in　their　old　age；　and
might　by　them　have　what　they　then　should　want。　And　say　further　to
him；　〃That　when　thou　wast　born；　we　took　thee　up　with　gladness；
and　gave　God　the　greatest　thanks　for　thee；　and　brought　time　up
with　great　care；　and　spared　for　nothing　that　appeared　useful　for
thy　preservation；　and　for　thy　instruction　in　what　was　most
excellent。　And　now；　since　it　is　reasonable　to　forgive　the　sins　of
those　that　are　young；　let　it　suffice　thee　to　have　given　so　many
indications　Of　thy　contempt　of　us；　reform　thyself；　and　act　more
wisely　for　the　time　to　come；　considering　that　God　is　displeased
with　those　that　are　insolent　towards　their　parents；　because　he　is
himself　the　Father　of　the　whole　race　of　mankind；　and　seems　to
bear　part　of　that　dishonor　which　falls　upon　those　that　have　the
same　name；　when　they　do　not　meet　with　dire　returns　from　their
children。　And　on　such　the　law　inflicts　inexorable　punishment；　of
which　punishment　mayst　thou　never　have　the　experience。〃　Now　if
the　insolence　of　young　men　be　thus　cured；　let　them　escape　the
reproach　which　their　former　errors　deserved；　for　by　this　means
the　lawgiver　will　appear　to　be　good；　and　parents　happy；　while
they　never　behold　either　a　son　or　a　daughter　brought　to
punishment。　But　if　it　happen　that　these　words　and　instructions；
conveyed　by　them　in　order　to　reclaim　the　man；　appear　to　be
useless；　then　the　offender　renders　the　laws　implacable　enemies　to
the　insolence　he　has　offered　his　parents；　let　him　therefore　be
brought　forth　（27）　by　these　very　parents　out　of　the　city；　with　a
multitude　following　him；　and　there　let　him　be　stoned；　and　when　he
has　continued　there　for　one　whole　day；　that　all　the　people　may
see　him；　let　him　be　buried　in　the　night。　And　thus　it　is　that　we
bury　all　whom　the　laws　condemn　to　die；　upon　any　account
whatsoever。　Let　our　enemies　that　fall　in　battle　be　also　buried；
nor　let　any　one　dead　body　lie　above　the　ground；　or　suffer　a
punishment　beyond　what　justice　requires。

25。　Let　no　one　lend　to　any　one　of　the　Hebrews　upon　usury；　neither
usury　of　what　is　eaten　or　what　is　drunken；　for　it　is　not　just　to
make　advantage　of　the　misfortunes　of　one　of　thy　own　countrymen；
but　when　thou　hast　been　assistant　to　his　necessities；　think　it
thy　gain　if　thou　obtainest　their　gratitude　to　thee；　and　withal
that　reward　which　will　come　to　thee　from　God；　for　thy　humanity
towards　him。

26。　Those　who　have　borrowed　either　silver　or　any　sort　of　fruits；
whether　dry　or　wet；　（I　mean　this；　when　the　Jewish　affairs　shall；
by　t