the antiquities of the jews-1-第362章

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tetrarch's　jurisdiction；　and　had　slain　some　of　his　Galilean
subjects；　Luke　13：1；　and；　as　he　was　willing　to　correct　that
error；　he　sent　Christ　to　Herod　at　this　time。〃

（9）　A。D。　33；　April　3。

（10）　April　5。

（11）　Of　the　banishment　of　these　four　thousand　Jews　into　Sardinia
by　Tiberius；　see　Suetonlus　in　Tiber。　sect。　36。　But　as　for　Mr。
Reland's　note　here；　which　supposes　that　Jews　could　not；
consistently　with　their　laws；　be　soldiers；　it　is　contradicted　by
one　branch　of　the　history　before　us；　and　contrary　to　innumerable
instances　of　their　fighting；　and　proving　excellent　soldiers　in
war；　and　indeed　many　of　the　best　of　them；　and　even　under　heathen
kings　themselves；　did　so；　those；　I　mean；　who　allowed　them　their
rest　on　the　sabbath　day；　and　other　solemn　festivals；　and　let　them
live　according　to　their　own　laws；　as　Alexander　the　Great　and　the
Ptolemies　of　Egypt　did。　It　is　true；　they　could　not　always　obtain
those　privileges；　and　then　they　got　executed　as　well　as　they
could；　or　sometimes　absolutely　refused　to　fight；　which　seems　to
have　been　the　case　here；　as　to　the　major　part　of　the　Jews　now
banished；　but　nothing　more。　See　several　of　the　Roman　decrees　in
their　favor　as　to　such　matters；　B。　XIV。　ch。　10。

（12）　Since　Moses　never　came　himself　beyond　Jordan；　nor
particularly　to　Mount　Gerizzim；　and　since　these　Samaritans　have　a
tradition　among　them；　related　here　by　Dr。　Hudson；　from　Reland；
who　was　very　skillful　in　Jewish　and　Samaritan　learning；　that　in
the　days　of　Uzzi　or　Ozis　the　high　priest；　1　Chronicles　6：6；　the
ark　and　other　sacred　vessels　were；　by　God's　command；　laid　up　or
hidden　in　Mount　Gerizzim；　it　is　highly　probable　that　this　was　the
foolish　foundation　the　present　Samaritans　went　upon；　in　the
sedition　here　described。

（13）　This　mention　of　the　high　priest's　sacred　garments　received
seven　days　before　a　festival；　and　purified　in　those　days　against
a　festival；　as　having　been　polluted　by　being　in　the　custody　of
heathens；　in　Josephus；　agrees　well　with　the　traditions　of　the
Talmudists；　as　Reland　here　observes。　Nor　is　there　any　question
but　the　three　feasts　here　mentioned　were　the　passover；　pentecost；
and　feast　of　tabernacles；　and　the　fast　so　called　by　way　of
distinction；　as　Acts　27：9；　was　the　great　day　of　expiation。

（14）　This　calculation；　from　all　Josephus's　Greek　copies；　is
exactly　right；　for　since　Herod　died　about　September；　in　the
fourth　year　before　the　Christian　era；　and　Tiberius　began；　as　is
well　known；　Aug。　19；　A。D。　14；　it　is　evident　that　the
thirty…seventh　year　of　Philip；　reckoned　from　his　father's　death；
was　the　twentieth　of　Tiberius；　or　near　the　end　of　A。D。　33；　＇the
very　year　of　our　Savior's　death　also；＇　or；　however；　in　the
beginning　of　the　next　year；　A。D。　34。　This　Philip　the　tetrarch
seems　to　have　been　the　best　of　all　the　posterity　of　Herod；　for
his　love　of　peace；　and　his　love　of　justice。
An　excellent　example　this。

（15）　This　Herod　seems　to　have　had　the　additional　name　of　Philip；
as　Antipus　was　named　Herod…Antipas：　and　as　Antipus　and　Antipater
seem　to　be　in　a　manner　the　very　same　name；　yet　were　the　names　of
two　sons　of　Herod　the　Great；　so　might　Philip　the　tetrarch　and
this　Herod…Philip　be　two　different　sons　of　the　same　father；　all
which　Grotias　observes　on　Matthew　14：3。　Nor　was　it；　as　I　with
Grotias　and　others　of　the　Philip　the　tetrarch；　but　this
Herod…Philip；　whose　wife　Herod　the　tetrarch　had　married；　and　that
in　her　first　husband's　lifetime；　and　when　her　first　husband　had
issue　by　her…；　for　which　adulterous　and　incestuous　marriage　John
the　Baptist　justly　reproved　Herod　the　tetrarch；　and　for　which
reproof　Salome；　the　daughter　of　Herodias　by　her　first　husband
Herod…Philip；　who　was　still　alive；　occasioned　him　to　be　unjustly
beheaded。

（16）　Whether　this　sudden　extinction　of　almost　the　entire　lineage
of　Herod　the　Great；　which　was　very　numerous；　as　we　are　both　here
and　in　the　next　section　informed；　was　not　in　part　as　a　punishment
for　the　gross　incests　they　were　frequently　guilty　of；　in　marrying
their　own　nephews　and　nieces；　well　deserves　to　be　considered。　See
Leviticus　18：6；　7；　21：10；　and　Noldius；　De　Herod；　No。　269；　270。

（17）　There　are　coins　still　extant　of　this　Eraess；　as　Spanheim
informs　us。　Spanheim　also　informs　us　of　a　coin　still　extant　of
this　Jotape；　daughter　of　the　king　of　Commageus。

（18）　Spanheim　observes；　that　we　have　here　an　instance　of　the
Attic　quantity　of　use…money；　which　was　the　eighth　part　of　the
original　sum；　or　12　per　cent。；　for　such　is　the　proportion　of　2500
to　20；000。

（19）　The　governor　of　the　Jews　there。

（20）　Tiberius；　junior　of　Germanicus。

（21）　This　high　commendation　of　Antonia　for　marrying　but　once；
given　here；　and　supported　elsewhere；　Antiq。　B。　XVII。　ch。　13。
sect。　4；　and　this；　notwithstanding　the　strongest　temptations；
shows　how　honorable　single　marriages　were　both　among　the　Jews　and
Romans；　in　the　days　of　Josephus　and　of　the　apostles；　and　takes
away　much　of　that　surprise　which　the　modern　Protestants　have　at
those　laws　of　the　apostles；　where　no　widows；　but　those　who　had
been　the　wives　of　one　husband　only；　are　taken　into　the　church
list；　and　no　bishops；　priests；　or　deacons　are　allowed　to　marry
more　than　once；　without　leaving　off　to　officiate　as　clergymen　any
longer。　See　Luke　2：36；　1　Timothy　5：11；　12；　3：2；　12；　Titus　1：10；
Constit。　Apost。　B。　II。　sect。　1；　2；　B。　VI。　sect。　17；　Can。　B。
XVII；；　Grot。　in　Luc。　ii。　36；　and　Resports。　ad　Consult。　Cassand。
p。　44；　and　Cotelet。　in　Constit。　B。　VI。　sect。　17。　And　note；　that
Tertullian　owns　this　law　against　second　marriages　of　the　clergy
had　been　once　at　least　executed　in　his　time；　and　heavily
complains　elsewhere；　that　the　breach　thereof　had　not　been　always
punished　by　the　catholics；　as　it　ought　to　have　been。　Jerome；
speaking　of　the　ill　reputation　of　marrying　twice；　says；　that　no
such　person　could　be　chosen　into　the　clergy　in　his　days；　which
Augustine　testifies　also；　and　for　Epiphanius；　rather　earlier；　he
is　clear　and　full　to　the　same　purpose；　and　says　that　law　obtained
over　the　whole　catholic　church　in　his　days；as　the　places　in　the
forecited　authors　inform　us。

（22）　Dr。　Hudson　here　takes　notice；　out　of　Seneca；　Epistle　V。　that
this　was　the　custom　of　Tiberius；　to　couple　the　prisoner　and　the
soldier　that　guarded　him　together　in　the　same　chain。

（23）　Tiberius　his　own　grandson；　and　Caius　his　brother　Drusus's
grandson。

（24）　So　I　correct　Josephus's　copy；　which　calls　Germanicus　his
brother；　who　was　his　brother's　son。

（25）　This　is　a　known　thing　among　the　Roman　historians　and　poets；
that　Tiberius　was　greatly　given　to　astrology　and　divination。

（26）　This　name　of　a　lion　is　often　given　to　tyrants；　especially　by
the　such　Agrippa；　and　probably　his　freed…man　Marsyas；　in　effect
were；　Ezekiel　19：1；　9；　Esther　4：9　2　Timothy　4：17。　They　are　also
sometimes　compared　to　or　represented　by　wild　beasts；　of　which　the
lion　is　the　principal；　Daniel　7：3；　8；　Apoc。　13：1；　2。

（27）　Although　Caius　now　promised　to　give　Agrippa　the　tetrarchy　of
Lysanias；　yet　was　it　not　actually　conferred　upon　him　till　the
reign　of　Claudius；　as　we　learn；　Antiq。　B。　XIX；　ch。　5。　sect。　1。

（28）　Regarding　instances　of　the　interpositions　of　Providence；　as
have　been　always　very　rare　among　the　other　idolatrous　nations；
but　of　old　very　many　among　the　posterity　of　Abraham；　the
worshippers　of　the　true　God；　nor　do　these　seem　much　inferior　to
those　in　the　Old　Testament；　which　are　the　more　remarkable；
because；　among　all　their　other　follies　and　vices；　the　Jews　were
not　at　this　time　idolaters；　and　the　deliverances　here　mentioned
were　done　in　order　to　prevent　their　relapse　into　that　idolatry。

（29）　Josephus　here　assures　us　that　the　ambassadors　from
Alexandria　to　Caius　were　on　each　part　no　more　than　three　in
number；　for　the　Jews；　and　for　the　Gentiles；　which　are　but　six　in
all；　whereas　Philo；　who　was　the　principal　ambassador　from　the
Jews；　as　Josephus　here　confesses；　（as　was　Apion　for　the
Gentiles；）　says；　the　Jews'　ambassadors　were　themselves　no　fewer
than　live；　towards　the　end　of　his　legation　to　Caius；　which；　if
there　be　no　mistake　in　the　copies；　must　be　supposed　the　truth；
nor；　in　that　case；　would　Josephus　have　contradicted　so　authentic
a　witness；　had　he　seen　that　account　of　Philo's；　which　that　he
ever　did