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1872
FAIRY¡¡TALES¡¡OF¡¡HANS¡¡CHRISTIAN¡¡ANDERSEN
WHAT¡¡THE¡¡MOON¡¡SAW
by¡¡Hans¡¡Christian¡¡Andersen
¡¡
INTRODUCTION
IT¡¡is¡¡a¡¡strange¡¡thing£»¡¡when¡¡I¡¡feel¡¡most¡¡fervently¡¡and¡¡most¡¡deeply£»
my¡¡hands¡¡and¡¡my¡¡tongue¡¡seem¡¡alike¡¡tied£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡I¡¡cannot¡¡rightly
describe¡¡or¡¡accurately¡¡portray¡¡the¡¡thoughts¡¡that¡¡are¡¡rising¡¡within¡¡me£»
and¡¡yet¡¡I¡¡am¡¡a¡¡painter£»¡¡my¡¡eye¡¡tells¡¡me¡¡as¡¡much¡¡as¡¡that£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡my
friends¡¡who¡¡have¡¡seen¡¡my¡¡sketches¡¡and¡¡fancies¡¡say¡¡the¡¡same¡£
I¡¡am¡¡a¡¡poor¡¡lad£»¡¡and¡¡live¡¡in¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡narrowest¡¡of¡¡lanes£»¡¡but
I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡want¡¡for¡¡light£»¡¡as¡¡my¡¡room¡¡is¡¡high¡¡up¡¡in¡¡the¡¡house£»¡¡with¡¡an
extensive¡¡prospect¡¡over¡¡the¡¡neighbouring¡¡roofs¡£¡¡During¡¡the¡¡first¡¡few
days¡¡I¡¡went¡¡to¡¡live¡¡in¡¡the¡¡town£»¡¡I¡¡felt¡¡low¡­spirited¡¡and¡¡solitary
enough¡£¡¡Instead¡¡of¡¡the¡¡forest¡¡and¡¡the¡¡green¡¡hills¡¡of¡¡former¡¡days£»¡¡I
had¡¡here¡¡only¡¡a¡¡forest¡¡of¡¡chimney¡­pots¡¡to¡¡look¡¡out¡¡upon¡£¡¡And¡¡then¡¡I
had¡¡not¡¡a¡¡single¡¡friend£»¡¡not¡¡one¡¡familiar¡¡face¡¡greeted¡¡me¡£
So¡¡one¡¡evening¡¡I¡¡sat¡¡at¡¡the¡¡window£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡desponding¡¡mood£»¡¡and
presently¡¡I¡¡opened¡¡the¡¡casement¡¡and¡¡looked¡¡out¡£¡¡Oh£»¡¡how¡¡my¡¡heart
leaped¡¡up¡¡with¡¡joy£¡¡¡Here¡¡was¡¡a¡¡well¡­known¡¡face¡¡at¡¡last¡­¡¡a¡¡round£»
friendly¡¡countenance£»¡¡the¡¡face¡¡of¡¡a¡¡good¡¡friend¡¡I¡¡had¡¡known¡¡at¡¡home¡£
In£»¡¡fact£»¡¡it¡¡was¡¡the¡¡MOON¡¡that¡¡looked¡¡in¡¡upon¡¡me¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡quite
unchanged£»¡¡the¡¡dear¡¡old¡¡Moon£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡the¡¡same¡¡face¡¡exactly¡¡that¡¡he
used¡¡to¡¡show¡¡when¡¡he¡¡peered¡¡down¡¡upon¡¡me¡¡through¡¡the¡¡willow¡¡trees¡¡on¡¡the¡¡moor¡£¡¡I¡¡kissed¡¡my¡¡hand¡¡to¡¡him¡¡over¡¡and¡¡over¡¡again£»¡¡as¡¡he¡¡shone¡¡far¡¡into¡¡my¡¡little¡¡room£»¡¡and¡¡he£»¡¡for¡¡his¡¡part£»¡¡promised¡¡me¡¡that¡¡every¡¡evening£»¡¡when¡¡he¡¡came¡¡abroad£»¡¡he¡¡would¡¡look¡¡in¡¡upon¡¡me¡¡for¡¡a¡¡few¡¡moments¡£¡¡This¡¡promise¡¡he¡¡has¡¡faithfully¡¡kept¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡a¡¡pity¡¡that¡¡he¡¡can¡¡only¡¡stay¡¡such¡¡a¡¡short¡¡time¡¡when¡¡he¡¡comes¡£¡¡Whenever¡¡he¡¡appears£»¡¡he¡¡tells¡¡me¡¡of¡¡one¡¡thing¡¡or¡¡another¡¡that¡¡he¡¡has¡¡seen¡¡on¡¡the¡¡previous¡¡night£»¡¡or¡¡on¡¡that¡¡same¡¡evening¡£¡¡¡¨Just¡¡paint¡¡the¡¡scenes¡¡I¡¡describe¡¡to¡¡you¡¨¡­¡¡this¡¡is¡¡what¡¡he¡¡said¡¡to¡¡me¡­¡¡¡¨and¡¡you¡¡will¡¡have¡¡a¡¡very¡¡pretty¡¡picture¡­book¡£¡¨¡¡I¡¡have¡¡followed¡¡his¡¡injunction¡¡for¡¡many¡¡evenings¡£¡¡I¡¡could¡¡make¡¡up¡¡a¡¡new¡¡¡¨Thousand¡¡and¡¡One¡¡Nights£»¡¨¡¡in¡¡my¡¡own¡¡way£»¡¡out¡¡of¡¡these¡¡pictures£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡number¡¡might¡¡be¡¡too¡¡great£»¡¡after¡¡all¡£¡¡The¡¡pictures¡¡I¡¡have¡¡here¡¡given¡¡have¡¡not¡¡been¡¡chosen¡¡at¡¡random£»¡¡but¡¡follow¡¡in¡¡their¡¡proper¡¡order£»¡¡just¡¡as¡¡they¡¡were¡¡described¡¡to¡¡me¡£

Some¡¡great¡¡gifted¡¡painter£»¡¡or¡¡some¡¡poet¡¡or¡¡musician£»¡¡may¡¡make
something¡¡more¡¡of¡¡them¡¡if¡¡he¡¡likes£»¡¡what¡¡I¡¡have¡¡given¡¡here¡¡are¡¡only
hasty¡¡sketches£»¡¡hurriedly¡¡put¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡paper£»¡¡with¡¡some¡¡of¡¡my¡¡own
thoughts£»¡¡interspersed£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡Moon¡¡did¡¡not¡¡come¡¡to¡¡me¡¡every¡¡evening¡­¡¡a¡¡cloud¡¡sometimes¡¡hid¡¡his¡¡face¡¡from¡¡me¡£

FIRST¡¡EVENING
¡¨Last¡¡night¡¨¡­¡¡I¡¡am¡¡quoting¡¡the¡¡Moon's¡¡own¡¡words¡­¡¡¡¨last¡¡night¡¡I¡¡was
gliding¡¡through¡¡the¡¡cloudless¡¡Indian¡¡sky¡£¡¡My¡¡face¡¡was¡¡mirrored¡¡in
the¡¡waters¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Ganges£»¡¡and¡¡my¡¡beams¡¡strove¡¡to¡¡pierce¡¡through¡¡the
thick¡¡intertwining¡¡boughs¡¡of¡¡the¡¡bananas£»¡¡arching¡¡beneath¡¡me¡¡like
the¡¡tortoise's¡¡shell¡£¡¡Forth¡¡from¡¡the¡¡thicket¡¡tripped¡¡a¡¡Hindoo¡¡maid£»
light¡¡as¡¡a¡¡gazelle£»¡¡beautiful¡¡as¡¡Eve¡£¡¡Airy¡¡and¡¡etherial¡¡as¡¡a¡¡vision£»
and¡¡yet¡¡sharply¡¡defined¡¡amid¡¡the¡¡surrounding¡¡shadows£»¡¡stood¡¡this
daughter¡¡of¡¡Hindostan£º¡¡I¡¡could¡¡read¡¡on¡¡her¡¡delicate¡¡brow¡¡the¡¡thought
that¡¡had¡¡brought¡¡her¡¡hither¡£¡¡The¡¡thorny¡¡creeping¡¡plants¡¡tore¡¡her
sandals£»¡¡but¡¡for¡¡all¡¡that¡¡she¡¡came¡¡rapidly¡¡forward¡£¡¡The¡¡deer¡¡that
had¡¡come¡¡down¡¡to¡¡the¡¡river¡¡to¡¡quench¡¡her¡¡thirst£»¡¡sprang¡¡by¡¡with¡¡a
startled¡¡bound£»¡¡for¡¡in¡¡her¡¡hand¡¡the¡¡maiden¡¡bore¡¡a¡¡lighted¡¡lamp¡£¡¡I
could¡¡see¡¡the¡¡blood¡¡in¡¡her¡¡delicate¡¡finger¡¡tips£»¡¡as¡¡she¡¡spread¡¡them
for¡¡a¡¡screen¡¡before¡¡the¡¡dancing¡¡flame¡£¡¡She¡¡came¡¡down¡¡to¡¡the¡¡stream£»
and¡¡set¡¡the¡¡lamp¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡water£»¡¡and¡¡let¡¡it¡¡float¡¡away¡£¡¡The¡¡flame
flickered¡¡to¡¡and¡¡fro£»¡¡and¡¡seemed¡¡ready¡¡to¡¡expire£»¡¡but¡¡still¡¡the¡¡lamp
burned¡¡on£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡girl's¡¡black¡¡sparkling¡¡eyes£»¡¡half¡¡veiled¡¡behind
their¡¡long¡¡silken¡¡lashes£»¡¡followed¡¡it¡¡with¡¡a¡¡gaze¡¡of¡¡earnest
intensity¡£¡¡She¡¡knew¡¡that¡¡if¡¡the¡¡lamp¡¡continued¡¡to¡¡burn¡¡so¡¡long¡¡as
she¡¡could¡¡keep¡¡it¡¡in¡¡sight£»¡¡her¡¡betrothed¡¡was¡¡still¡¡alive£»¡¡but¡¡if
the¡¡lamp¡¡was¡¡suddenly¡¡extinguished£»¡¡he¡¡was¡¡dead¡£¡¡And¡¡the¡¡lamp¡¡burned¡¡bravely¡¡on£»¡¡and¡¡she¡¡fell¡¡on¡¡her¡¡knees£»¡¡and¡¡prayed¡£¡¡Near¡¡her¡¡in¡¡the¡¡grass¡¡lay¡¡a¡¡speckled¡¡snake£»¡¡but¡¡she¡¡heeded¡¡it¡¡not¡­¡¡she¡¡thought¡¡only¡¡of¡¡Bramah¡¡and¡¡of¡¡her¡¡betrothed¡£¡¡'He¡¡lives£¡'¡¡she¡¡shouted¡¡joyfully£»¡¡'he¡¡lives£¡'¡¡And¡¡from¡¡the¡¡mountains¡¡the¡¡echo¡¡came¡¡back¡¡upon¡¡her£»¡¡'he
lives£¡¡¨

SECOND¡¡EVENING
¡¨Yesterday£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡the¡¡Moon¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡¡¨I¡¡looked¡¡down¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡small
courtyard¡¡surrounded¡¡on¡¡all¡¡sides¡¡by¡¡houses¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡courtyard¡¡sat¡¡a
clucking¡¡hen¡¡with¡¡eleven¡¡chickens£»¡¡and¡¡a¡¡pretty¡¡little¡¡girl¡¡was
running¡¡and¡¡jumping¡¡around¡¡them¡£¡¡The¡¡hen¡¡was¡¡frightened£»¡¡and¡¡screamed£»¡¡and¡¡spread¡¡out¡¡her¡¡wings¡¡over¡¡the¡¡little¡¡brood¡£¡¡Then¡¡the¡¡girl's¡¡father¡¡came¡¡out¡¡and¡¡scolded¡¡her£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡glided¡¡away¡¡and¡¡thought¡¡no¡¡more¡¡of¡¡the¡¡matter¡£

¡¨But¡¡this¡¡evening£»¡¡only¡¡a¡¡few¡¡minutes¡¡ago£»¡¡I¡¡looked¡¡down¡¡into
the¡¡same¡¡courtyard¡£¡¡Everything¡¡was¡¡quiet¡£¡¡But¡¡presently¡¡the¡¡little
girl¡¡came¡¡forth¡¡again£»¡¡crept¡¡quietly¡¡to¡¡the¡¡hen¡­house£»¡¡pushed¡¡back¡¡the
bolt£»¡¡and¡¡slipped¡¡into¡¡the¡¡apartment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡hen¡¡and¡¡chickens¡£¡¡They
cried¡¡out¡¡loudly£»¡¡and¡¡came¡¡fluttering¡¡down¡¡from¡¡their¡¡perches£»¡¡and¡¡ran¡¡about¡¡in¡¡dismay£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡little¡¡girl¡¡ran¡¡after¡¡them¡£¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡it¡¡quite
plainly£»¡¡for¡¡I¡¡looked¡¡through¡¡a¡¡hole¡¡in¡¡the¡¡hen¡­house¡¡wall¡£¡¡I¡¡was
angry¡¡with¡¡the¡¡willful¡¡child£»¡¡and¡¡felt¡¡glad¡¡when¡¡her¡¡father¡¡came¡¡out
and¡¡scolded¡¡her¡¡more¡¡violently¡¡than¡¡yesterday£»¡¡holding¡¡her¡¡roughly
by¡¡the¡¡arm£»¡¡she¡¡held¡¡down¡¡her¡¡head£»¡¡and¡¡her¡¡blue¡¡eyes¡¡were¡¡full¡¡of
large¡¡tears¡£¡¡'What¡¡are¡¡you¡¡about¡¡here£¿'¡¡he¡¡asked¡£¡¡She¡¡wept¡¡and¡¡said£»
'I¡¡wanted¡¡to¡¡kiss¡¡the¡¡hen¡¡and¡¡beg¡¡her¡¡pardon¡¡for¡¡frightening¡¡her
yesterday£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡was¡¡afraid¡¡to¡¡tell¡¡you¡£'

¡¨And¡¡the¡¡father¡¡kissed¡¡the¡¡innocent¡¡child's¡¡forehead£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡kissed
her¡¡on¡¡the¡¡mouth¡¡and¡¡eyes¡£¡¨

THIRD¡¡EVENING
¡¨In¡¡the¡¡narrow¡¡street¡¡round¡¡the¡¡corner¡¡yonder¡­¡¡it¡¡is¡¡so¡¡narrow
that¡¡my¡¡beams¡¡can¡¡only¡¡glide¡¡for¡¡a¡¡minute¡¡along¡¡the¡¡walls¡¡of¡¡the
house£»¡¡but¡¡in¡¡that¡¡minute¡¡I¡¡see¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡learn¡¡what¡¡the¡¡world¡¡is¡¡made
of¡­¡¡in¡¡that¡¡narrow¡¡street¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡a¡¡woman¡£¡¡Sixteen¡¡years¡¡ago¡¡that
woman¡¡was¡¡a¡¡child£»¡¡playing¡¡in¡¡the¡¡garden¡¡of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡parsonage£»¡¡in
the¡¡country¡£¡¡The¡¡hedges¡¡of¡¡rose¡­bush¡¡were¡¡old£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡flowers¡¡were
faded¡£¡¡They¡¡straggled¡¡wild¡¡over¡¡the¡¡paths£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡ragged¡¡branches
grew¡¡up¡¡among¡¡the¡¡boughs¡¡of¡¡the¡¡apple¡¡trees£»¡¡here¡¡and¡¡there¡¡were¡¡a¡¡few¡¡roses¡¡still¡¡in¡¡bloom¡­¡¡not¡¡so¡¡fair¡¡as¡¡the¡¡queen¡¡of¡¡flowers¡¡generally
appears£»¡¡but¡¡still¡¡they¡¡had¡¡colour¡¡and¡¡scent¡¡too¡£¡¡The¡¡clergyman's
little¡¡daughter¡¡appeared¡¡to¡¡me¡¡a¡¡far¡¡lovelier¡¡rose£»¡¡as¡¡she¡¡sat¡¡on
her¡¡stool¡¡under¡¡the¡¡straggling¡¡hedge£»¡¡hugging¡¡and¡¡caressing¡¡her¡¡doll
with¡¡the¡¡battered¡¡pasteboard¡¡cheeks¡£

¡¨Ten¡¡years¡¡afterwards¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡her¡¡again¡£¡¡I¡¡beheld¡¡her¡¡in¡¡a
splendid¡¡ballroom£º¡¡she¡¡was¡¡the¡¡beautiful¡¡bride¡¡of¡¡a¡¡rich¡¡merchant¡£¡¡I
rejoiced¡¡at¡¡her¡¡happiness£»¡¡and¡¡sought¡¡her¡¡on¡¡calm¡¡quiet¡¡evenings¡­
ah£»¡¡nobody¡¡thinks¡¡of¡¡my¡¡clear¡¡eye¡¡and¡¡my¡¡silent¡¡glance£¡¡¡Alas£¡¡¡my
rose¡¡ran¡¡wild£»¡¡like¡¡the¡¡rose¡¡bushes¡¡in¡¡the¡¡garden¡¡of¡¡the¡¡parsonage¡£

There¡¡are¡¡tragedies¡¡in¡¡every¡­day¡¡life£»¡¡and¡¡tonight¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡last
act¡¡of¡¡one¡£

¡¨She¡¡was¡¡lying¡¡in¡¡bed¡¡in¡¡a¡¡house¡¡in¡¡that¡¡narrow¡¡street£º¡¡she¡¡was
sick¡¡unto¡¡death£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡cruel¡¡landlord¡¡came¡¡up£»¡¡and¡¡tore¡¡away¡¡the
thin¡¡coverlet£»¡¡her¡¡only¡¡protection¡¡against¡¡the¡¡cold¡£¡¡'Get¡¡up£¡'¡¡said
he£»¡¡'your¡¡face¡¡is¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡frighten¡¡one¡£¡¡Get¡¡up¡¡and¡¡dress¡¡yourself£»
give¡¡me¡¡money£»¡¡or¡¡I'll¡¡turn¡¡you¡¡out¡¡into¡¡the¡¡street£¡¡¡Quick¡­¡¡get¡¡up£¡'
She¡¡answered£»¡¡'Alas£¡¡¡death¡¡is¡¡gnawing¡¡at¡¡my¡¡heart¡£¡¡Let¡¡me¡¡rest¡£'¡¡But
he¡¡forced¡¡her¡¡to¡¡get¡¡up¡¡and¡¡bathe¡¡her¡¡face£»¡¡and¡¡put¡¡a¡¡wreath¡¡of
roses¡¡in¡¡her¡¡hair£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡placed¡¡her¡¡in¡¡a¡¡chair¡¡at¡¡the¡¡window£»¡¡with
a¡¡candle¡¡burning¡¡beside¡¡her£»¡¡and¡¡went¡¡away¡£

¡¨I¡¡looked¡¡at¡¡her£»¡¡and¡¡she¡¡was¡¡sitting¡¡motionless£»¡¡with¡¡her¡¡hands
in¡¡her¡¡lap¡£¡¡The¡¡wind¡¡caught¡¡the¡¡open¡¡window¡¡and¡¡shut¡¡it¡¡with¡¡a
crash£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡a¡¡pane¡¡came¡¡clattering¡¡down¡¡in¡¡fragments£»¡¡but¡¡still¡¡she
never¡¡moved¡£¡¡The¡¡curtain¡¡caught¡¡fire£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡flames¡¡played¡¡about
her¡¡face£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡that¡¡she¡¡was¡¡dead¡£¡¡There¡¡at¡¡the¡¡open¡¡window¡¡sat
the¡¡dead¡¡woman£»¡¡preaching¡¡a¡¡sermon¡¡against¡¡sin¡­¡¡my¡¡poor¡¡faded¡¡rose¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡parsonage¡¡garden£¡¡¨

FOURTH¡¡EVENING
¡¨This¡¡evening¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡a¡¡German¡¡play¡¡acted£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡the¡¡Moon¡£¡¡¡¨It¡¡was
in¡¡a¡¡little¡¡town¡£¡¡A¡¡stable¡¡had¡¡been¡¡turned¡¡into¡¡a¡¡theatre£»¡¡that¡¡is
to¡¡say£»¡¡the¡¡stable¡¡had¡¡been¡¡left¡¡standing£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡been¡¡turned¡¡into
private¡¡boxes£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡the¡¡timber¡¡work¡¡had¡¡been¡¡covered¡¡w

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