alfred tennyson-第41章
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things not easily reconcilable with orthodoxy。 Yet we find Divine…
Right Tories; who in literature are fervent admirers of these two
poets; and leave their heterodoxies out of account。 But many Liberal
critics appear unable quite to forgive Tennyson because he did not
wish to starve the fleet; and because he held certain very ancient;
if obsolete; beliefs。 Perhaps a general amnesty ought to be passed;
as far as poets are concerned; and their politics and creeds should
be left to silence; where 〃beyond these voices there is peace。〃
One remark; I hope; can excite no prejudice。 The greatest of the
Gordons was a soldier; and lived in religion。 But the point at which
Tennyson's memory is blended with that of Gordon is the point of
sympathy with the neglected poor。 It is to his wise advice; and to
affection for Gordon; that we owe the Gordon training school for poor
boys;a good school; and good boys come out of that academy。
The question as to Tennyson's precise rank in the glorious roll of
the Poets of England can never be determined by us; if in any case or
at any time such determinations can be made。 We do not; or should
not; ask whether Virgil or Lucretius; whether AEschylus or Sophocles;
is the greater poet。 The consent of mankind seems to place Homer and
Shakespeare and Dante high above all。 For the rest no prize…list can
be settled。 If influence among aliens is the test; Byron probably
takes; among our poets; the next rank after Shakespeare。 But
probably there is no possible test。 In certain respects Shelley; in
many respects Milton; in some Coleridge; in some Burns; in the
opinion of a number of persons Browning; are greater poets than
Tennyson。 But for exquisite variety and varied exquisiteness
Tennyson is not readily to be surpassed。 At one moment he pleases
the uncritical mass of readers; in another mood he wins the verdict
of the raffine。 It is a success which scarce any English poet but
Shakespeare has excelled。 His faults have rarely; if ever; been
those of flat…footed; 〃thick…ankled〃 dulness; of rhetoric; of common…
place; rather have his defects been the excess of his qualities。 A
kind of John Bullishness may also be noted; especially in derogatory
references to France; which; true or untrue; are out of taste and
keeping。 But these errors could be removed by the excision of half…
a…dozen lines。 His later work (as the Voyage of Maeldune) shows a
just appreciation of ancient Celtic literature。 A great critic; F。
T。 Palgrave; has expressed perhaps the soundest appreciation of
Tennyson:…
It is for 〃the days that remain〃 to bear witness to his real place in
the great hierarchy; amongst whom Dante boldly yet justly ranked
himself。 But if we look at Tennyson's work in a twofold aspect;
HERE; on the exquisite art in which; throughout; his verse is
clothed; the lucid beauty of the form; the melody almost audible as
music; the mysterious skill by which the words used constantly strike
as the INEVITABLE words (and hence; unforgettable); the subtle
allusive touches; by which a secondary image is suggested to enrich
the leading thought; as the harmonic 〃partials〃 give richness to the
note struck upon the string; THERE; when we think of the vast
fertility in subject and treatment; united with happy selection of
motive; the wide range of character; the dramatic force of
impersonation; the pathos in every variety; the mastery over the
comic and the tragic alike; above all; perhaps; those phrases of
luminous insight which spring direct from imaginative observation of
Humanity; true for all time; coming from the heart to the heart;his
work will probably be found to lie somewhere between that of Virgil
and Shakespeare: having its portion; if I may venture on the phrase;
in the inspiration of both。
A professed enthusiast for Tennyson can add nothing to; and take
nothing from; these words of one who; though his friend; was too
truly a critic to entertain the admiration that goes beyond idolatry。
Footnotes:
{1} Macmillan & Co。
{2} To the present writer; as to others; The Lover's Tale appeared
to be imitative of Shelley; but if Tennyson had never read Shelley;
cadit quaestio。
{3} F。 W。 H。 Myers; Science and a Future Life; p。 133。
{4} The writer knew this edition before he knew Tennyson's poems。
{5} The author of the spiteful letters was an unpublished anonymous
person。
{6} The Lennox MSS。
{7} Spencer and Gillen; Natives of Central Australia; pp。 388; 389。
{8} Tennyson; Ruskin; and Mill; pp。 11; 12。
{9} Life; p。 37; 1899。
{10} Poem omitted from In Memoriam。 Life; p。 257; 1899。
{11} Mr Harrison; Tennyson; Ruskin; and Mill; p。 5。
{12} The English reader may consult Mr Rhys's The Arthurian Legend;
Oxford; 1891; and Mr Nutt's Studies of the Legend of the Holy Grail;
which will direct him to other authorities and sources。
{13} I have summarised; with omissions; Miss Jessie L。 Watson's
sketch in King Arthur and his Knights。 Nutt; 1899。 The learning of
the subject is enormous; Dr Sommer's Le Mort d'Arthur; the second
volume may be consulted。 Nutt; 1899。
{14} 'Greek text which cannot be reproduced'。 He is referred to in
inscriptions; e。g。 Berlin; Corpus; iii。 4774; V。 732; 733; 1829;
2143…46; xii。 405。 See also Ausonius (Leipsic; 1886; pp。 52; 59);
cited by Rhys; The Arthurian Legend p。 159; note 4。
{15} Brebeuf; Relations des Jesuites; 1636; pp。 100…102。
{16} Malory; xviii。 8 et seq。
{17} Notices et Extraits des MSS。 de la Bibliotheque Imperiale; I。
xix。 pp。 643…645。
{18} See the Life; 1899; p。 521。
End