aphorisms-第3章
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whole。 The spring is most healthy； and least mortal。
10。 Autumn is a bad season for persons in consumption。
11。 With regard to the seasons； if the winter be of a dry and
northerly character； and the spring rainy and southerly； in summer
there will necessarily be acute fevers； ophthalmies； and
dysenteries； especially in women； and in men of a humid temperament。
12。 If the but the spring dry and northerly； women whose term of
delivery should be in spring； have abortions from any slight cause；
and those who reach their full time； bring forth children who are
feeble； and diseased； so that they either die presently； or； if they
live； are puny and unhealthy。 Other people are subject to
dysenteries and ophthalmies； and old men to catarrhs； which quickly
cut them off。
13。 If the summer be dry and northerly and the autumn rainy and
southerly； headaches occur in winter； with coughs； hoarsenesses；
coryzae； and in some cases consumptions。
14。 But if the autumn be northerly and dry； it agrees well with
persons of a humid temperament； and with women； but others will be
subject to dry ophthalmies； acute fevers； coryzae； and in some cases
melancholy。
15。 Of the constitutions of the year； the dry； upon the whole； are
more healthy than the rainy； and attended with less mortality。
16。 The diseases which occur most frequently in rainy seasons are；
protracted fevers； fluxes of the bowels； mortifications； epilepsies；
apoplexies； and quinsies； and in dry； consumptive diseases；
ophthalmies； arthritic diseases； stranguries； and dysenteries。
17。 With regard to the states of the weather which continue but
for a day； that which is northerly； braces the body； giving it tone；
agility； and color； improves the sense of hearing； dries up the
bowels； pinches the eyes； and aggravates any previous pain which may
have been seated in the chest。 But the southerly relaxes the body； and
renders it humid； brings on dullness of hearing； heaviness of the
head； and vertigo； impairs the movements of the eyes and the whole
body； and renders the alvine discharges watery。
18。 With regard to the seasons； in spring and in the commencement of
summer； children and those next to them in age are most comfortable；
and enjoy best health； in summer and during a certain portion of
autumn； old people； during the remainder of the autumn and in
winter； those of the intermediate ages。
19。 All diseases occur at all seasons of the year； but certain of
them are more apt to occur and be exacerbated at certain seasons。
20。 The diseases of spring are； maniacal； melancholic； and epileptic
disorders； bloody flux； quinsy； coryza； hoarseness； cough； leprosy；
lichen alphos； exanthemata mostly ending in ulcerations； tubercles；
and arthritic diseases。
21。 Of summer； certain of these； and continued； ardent； and
tertian fevers； most especially vomiting； diarrhoea； ophthalmy；
pains of the ears； ulcerations of the mouth； mortifications of the
privy parts； and the sudamina。
22。 Of autumn； most of the summer； quartan； and irregular fevers；
enlarged spleen； dropsy； phthisis； strangury； lientery； dysentery；
sciatica； quinsy； asthma； ileus； epilepsy； maniacal and melancholic
disorders。
23。 Of winter； pleurisy； pneumonia； coryza； hoarseness； cough； pains
of the chest； pains of the ribs and loins； headache； vertigo； and
apoplexy。
24。 In the different ages the following complaints occur： to
little and new…born children； aphthae； vomiting； coughs；
sleeplessness； frights inflammation of the navel； watery discharges
from the ears。
25。 At the approach of dentition； pruritus of the gums； fevers；
convulsions； diarrhoea； especially when cutting the canine teeth；
and in those who are particularly fat； and have constipated bowels。
26。 To persons somewhat older； affections of the tonsils；
incurvation of the spine at the vertebra next the occiput； asthma；
calculus； round worms； ascarides； acrochordon； satyriasmus； struma；
and other tubercles （phymata）； but especially the aforesaid。
27。 To persons of a more advanced age； and now on the verge of
manhood； the most of these diseases； and； moreover； more chronic
fevers； and epistaxis。
28。 Young people for the most part have a crisis in their
complaints； some in forty days； some in seven months； some in seven
years； some at the approach to puberty； and such complaints of
children as remain； and do not pass away about puberty； or in
females about the commencement of menstruation； usually become
chronic。
29。 To persons past boyhood； haemoptysis； phthisis； acute fevers；
epilepsy； and other diseases； but especially the aforementioned。
30。 To persons beyond that age； asthma； pleurisy； pneumonia；
lethargy； phrenitis； ardent fevers； chronic diarrhoea； cholera；
dysentery； lientery； hemorrhoids。
31。 To old people dyspnoea； catarrhs accompanied with coughs；
dysuria； pains of the joints； nephritis； vertigo； apoplexy；
cachexia； pruritus of the whole body； insomnolency； defluxions of
the bowels； of the eyes； and of the nose； dimness of sight； cataract
（glaucoma）； and dullness of hearing。
SECTION IV。
1。 We must purge pregnant women； if matters be turgid （in a state of
orgasm？）； from the fourth to the seventh month； but less freely in the
latter； in the first and last stages of pregnancy it should be
avoided。
2。 In purging we should bring away such matters from the body as
it would be advantageous had they come away spontaneously； but those
of an opposite character should be stopped。
3。 If the matters which are purged be such as should be purged； it
is beneficial and well borne； but if the contrary； with difficulty。
4。 We should rather purge upward in summer； and downward in winter。
5。 About the time of the dog…days； and before it； the administration
of purgatives is unsuitable。
6。 Lean persons who are easily made to vomit should be purged
upward； avoiding the winter season。
7。 Persons who are difficult to vomit； and are moderately fat；
should be purged downward； avoiding the summer season。
8。 We must be guarded in purging phthisical persons upward。
9。 And from the same mode of reasoning； applying the opposite rule
to melancholic persons； we must purge them freely downward。
10。 In very acute diseases； if matters be in a state of orgasm； we
may purge on the first day； for it is a bad thing to procrastinate
in such cases。
11。 Those cases in which there are tormina； pains about the
umbilicus； and pains about the loins； not removed either by
purgative medicines or otherwise； usually terminate in dry dropsy。
12。 It is a bad thing to purge upward in winter persons whose bowels
are in a state of lientery。
13。 Persons who are not easily purged upward by the hellebores；
should have their bodies moistened by plenty of food and rest before
taking the draught。
14。 When one takes a draught of hellebore； one should be made to
move more about； and indulge less in sleep and repose。 Sailing on
the sea shows that motion disorders the body。
15。 When you wish the hellebore to act more； move the body； and when
to stop； let the patient get sleep and rest。
16。 Hellebore is dangerous to persons whose flesh is sound； for it
induces convulsion。
17。 Anorexia； heartburn； vertigo； and a bitter taste of the mouth；
in a person free from fever； indicate the want of purging upward。
18。 Pains seated above the diaphragm indicate purging upward； and
those below it； downward。
19。 Persons who have no thirst while under the action of a purgative
medicine； do not cease from being purged until they become thirsty。
20。 If persons free from fever be seized with tormina； heaviness
of the knees； and pains of the loins； this indicates that purging
downward is required。
21。 Alvine dejections which are black； like blood； taking place
spontaneously； either with or without fever； are very bad； and the
more numerous and unfavorable the colors； so much the worse； when w
