on regimen in acute diseases-第6章

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the　bitter　principle　is　dissolved　in　it　and　turned　to　phlegm；　by　being
suspended　in　it；　whereas　black　bile　is　fermented；　swells　up；　and　is
multiplied　thereby：　for　vinegar　is　a　melanogogue。　Vinegar　is　more
prejudicial　to　women　than　to　men；　for　it　creates　pains　in　the　uterus。
　　17。　I　have　nothing　further　to　add　as　to　the　effects　of　water　when
used　as　a　drink　in　acute　diseases；　for　it　neither　soothes　the　cough　in
pneumonia；　nor　promotes　expectoration；　but　does　less　than　the　others
in　this　respect；　if　used　alone　through　the　whole　complaint。　But　if
taken　intermediate　between　oxymel　and　hydromel；　in　small　quantity；
it　promotes　expectoration　from　the　change　which　it　occasions　in　the
qualities　of　these　drinks；　for　it　produces；　as　it　were；　a　certain
overflow。　Otherwise　it　does　not　quench　the　thirst；　for　it　creates　bile
in　a　bilious　temperament；　and　is　injurious　to　the　hypochondrium；　and
it　does　the　most　harm；　engenders　most　bile；　and　does　the　least　good
when　the　bowels　are　empty；　and　it　increases　the　swelling　of　the　spleen
and　liver　when　they　are　in　an　inflamed　state；　it　produces　a　gurgling
noise　in　the　intestines　and　swims　on　the　stomach；　for　it　passes　slowly
downwards；　as　being　of　a　coldish　and　indigestible　nature；　and
neither　proves　laxative　nor　diuretic；　and　in　this　respect；　too；　it
proves　prejudicial；　that　it　does　not　naturally　form　does　in　the
intestines：　and；　if　it　be　drunk　while　the　feet　are　cold；　its　injurious
effects　will　be　greatly　aggravated；　in　all　those　parts　to　which　it　may
be　determined。　When　you　suspect　in　these　diseases　either　strong
heaviness　of　the　head；　or　mental　alienation；　you　must　abstain　entirely
from　wine；　and　in　this　case　use　water；　or　give　weak；　straw…colored
wine；　entirely　devoid　of　bouquet；　after　which　a　little　water　is　to
be　given　in　addition；　for　thus　the　strength　of　the　will　less　affect
the　head　and　the　understanding：　but　in　which　cases　water　is　mostly
to　be　given　for　drink；　when　in　large　quantity；　when　in　moderate；
when　cold；　and　when　hot；　all　these　things　have　either　been　discussed
already　or　will　be　treated　of　at　the　proper　time。　In　like　manner；　with
respect　to　all　the　others；　such　as　barley…water；　the　drinks　made
from　green　shoots；　those　from　raisins；　and　the　skins　of　grapes　and
wheat；　and　bastard　saffron；　and　myrtles；　pomegranates；　and　the　others；
when　the　proper　time　for　using　them　is　come；　they　will　be　treated　of
along　with　the　disease　in　question；　in　like　manner　as　the　other
compound　medicines。
　　18。　The　bath　is　useful　in　many　diseases；　in　some　of　them　when　used
steadily；　and　in　others　when　not　so。　Sometimes　it　must　be　less　used
than　it　would　be　otherwise；　from　the　want　of　accommodation；　for　in　few
families　are　all　the　conveniences　prepared；　and　persons　who　can　manage
them　as　they　ought　to　be。　And　if　the　patient　be　not　bathed　properly；
he　maybe　thereby　hurt　in　no　inconsiderable　degree；　for　there　is
required　a　place　to　cover　him　that　is　free　of　smoke；　abundance　of
water；　materials　for　frequent　baths；　but　not　very　large；　unless　this
should　be　required。　It　is　better　that　no　friction　should　be　applied；
but　if　so；　a　hot　soap　（smegma）　must　be　used　in　greater　abundance
than　is　common；　and　an　affusion　of　a　considerable　quantity　of　water　is
to　be　made　at　the　same　time　and　afterwards　repeated。　There　must　also
be　a　short　passage　to　the　basin；　and　it　should　be　of　easy　ingress
and　egress。　But　the　person　who　takes　the　bath　should　be　orderly　and
reserved　in　his　manner；　should　do　nothing　for　himself；　but　others
should　pour　the　water　upon　him　and　rub　him；　and　plenty　of　waters；　of
various　temperatures；　should　be　in　readiness　for　the　douche；　and　the
affusions　quickly　made；　and　sponges　should　be　used　instead　of　the　comb
（strigil）；　and　the　body　should　be　anointed　when　not　quite　dry。　But　the
head　should　be　rubbed　by　the　sponge　until　it　is　quite　dry；　the
extremities　should　be　protected　from　cold；　as　also　the　head　and　the
rest　of　the　body；　and　a　man　should　not　be　washed　immediately　after
he　has　taken　a　draught　of　ptisan　or　a　drink；　neither　should　he　take
ptisan　as　a　drink　immediately　after　the　bath。　Much　will　depend　upon
whether　the　patient；　when　in　good　health；　was　very　fond　of　the　bath；
and　in　the　custom　of　taking　it：　for　such　persons；　especially；　feel　the
want　of　it；　and　are　benefited　if　they　are　bathed；　and　injured　if
they　are　not。　In　general　it　suits　better　with　cases　of　pneumonia
than　in　ardent　fevers；　for　the　bath　soothes　the　pain　in　the　side；
chest；　and　back；　concocts　the　sputa；　promotes　expectoration；
improves　the　respiration；　and　allays　lassitude；　for　it　soothes　the
joints　and　outer　skin；　and　is　diuretic；　removes　heaviness　of　the　head；
and　moistens　the　nose。　Such　are　the　benefits　to　be　derived　from　the
bath；　if　all　the　proper　requisites　be　present；　but　if　one　or　more　of
these　be　wanting；　the　bath；　instead　of　doing　good；　may　rather　prove
injurious；　for　every　one　of　them　may　do　harm　if　not　prepared　not
prepared　by　the　attendants　in　the　proper　manner。　It　is　by　no　means　a
suitable　thing　in　these　diseases　to　persons　whose　bowels　are　too
loose；　or　when　they　are　unusually　confined；　and　there　has　been　no
previous　evacuation；　neither　must　we　bathe　those　who　are
debilitated；　nor　such　as　have　nausea　or　vomiting；　or　bilious
eructations；　nor　such　as　have　hemorrhage　from　the　nose；　unless　it　be
less　than　required　at　that　stage　of　the　disease　（with　those　stages　you
are　acquainted）；　but　if　the　discharge　be　less　than　proper；　one
should　use　the　bath；　whether　in　order　to　benefit　the　whole　body　or　the
head　alone。　If　then　the　proper　requisites　be　at　hand；　and　the
patient　be　well　disposed　to　the　bath；　it　may　be　administered　once
every　day；　or　if　the　patient　be　fond　of　the　bath　there　will　be　no
harm；　though　he　should　take　it　twice　in　the　day。　The　use　of　the　bath
is　much　more　appropriate　to　those　who　take　unstrained　ptisan；　than
to　those　who　take　only　the　juice　of　it；　although　even　in　their　case　it
may　be　proper；　but　least　of　all　does　it　suit　with　those　who　use　only
plain　drink；　although；　in　their　case　too　it　may　be　suitable；　but　one
must　form　a　judgment　from　the　rules　laid　down　before；　in　which　of
these　modes　of　regimen　the　bath　will　be　beneficial；　and　in　which
not。　Such　as　want　some　of　the　requisites　for　a　proper　bath；　but　have
those　symptoms　which　would　be　benefited　by　it；　should　be　bathed；
whereas　those　who　want　none　of　the　proper　requisites；　but　have　certain
symptoms　which　contraindicate　the　bath；　are　not　to　be　bathed。
APPENDIX
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　APPENDIX

　　Ardent　fever　（causus）　takes　place　when　the　veins；　being　dried　up
in　the　summer　season；　attract　acrid　and　bilious　humors　to
themselves；　and　strong　fever　seizes　the　whole　body；　which
experiences　aches　of　the　bones；　and　is　in　a　state　of　lassitude　and
pain。　It　takes　place　most　commonly　from　a　long　walk　and　protracted
thirst；　when　the　veins　being　dried　up　attract　acrid　and　hot　defluxions
to　themselves。　The　tongue　becomes　rough；　dry；　and　very　black；　there
are　gnawing　pains　about　the　bowels；　the　alvine　discharges　are　watery
and　yellow；　there　is　intense　thirst；　insomnolency；　and　sometimes
wandering　of　the　mind。　To　a　person　in　such　a　state　give　to　drink　water
and　as　much　boiled　hydromel　of　a　watery　consistence　as　he　will　take；
and　if　the　mouth　be　bitter；　it　may　be　advantageous　to　administer　an
emetic　and　clyster；　and　if　these　things　do　not　loosen　the　bowels；
purge　with　the　boiled　milk　of　asses。　Give　nothing　saltish　nor　acrid；
for　they　will　not　be　borne；　and　give　no　draughts　of　ptisan　until　the
crisis　be　past。　And　the　affection　is　resolved　if　there　be　an
epistaxis；　or　if　true　critical　sweats　supervene　with　urine　having
white；　thick；　and　smooth　sediments；　or　if　a　deposit　take　place
anywhere；　but　if　it　be　resolved　without　these；　there　will　be　a　relapse
of　the　complaint；　or　pain　in　the　hips　and　legs　will　ensue；　with
thick　sputa；　provided　the　patient　be　convalescent。　Another　species
of　ardent　fever：　belly　loose；　much　thirst；　tongue　rough；　dry；　and
saltish；　retention　of　urine；　insomnolency；　extremities　cold。　In　such　a
case；　unless　there　be　a　flow　of　blood　from　the　nose；　or　an　abscess
form　about　the　neck；　or　pain　in　the　limbs；　or　the　patient
expectorate　thick　sputa　（these