04道德经英译本85种-第57章
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And; since it was beyond men's full understanding;
Only some of it has come down to us; as in these sayings:
'Alert as a winter…farer on an icy stream;'
'Wary as a man in ambush;'
'Considerate as a welcome guest;'
'Selfless as melting ice;'
'Green as an uncut tree;
'Open as a valley;'
And this one also; 'Roiled as a torrent;
Why roiled as a torrent?
Because when a man is in turmoil how shall he find peace
Save by staying patient till the stream clears?
How can a man's life keep its course
If he will not let it flow?
Those who flow as life flows know
They need no other force:
They feel no wear; they feel no tear;
They need no mending; no repair。
16
Be utterly humble
And you shall hold to the foundation of peace。
Be at one with all these living things which; having arisen and flourished;
Return to the quiet whence they came;
Like a healthy growth of vegetation
Falling back upon the root。
Acceptance of this return to the root has been called 'quietism;'
Acceptance of quietism has been condemned as 'fatalism。'
But fatalism is acceptance of destiny
And to accept destiny is to face life with open eyes;
Whereas not to accept destiny is to face death blindfold。
He who is open…eyed is open…minded…
He who is open…minded is open…hearted;
He who is open…hearted is kingly;
He who is kingly is godly;
He who is godly is useful;
He who is useful is infinite;
He who is infinite is immune;
He who is immune is immortal。
17
A leader is best
When people barely know that he exists;
Not so good when people obey and acclaim him;
Worst when they despise him。
'Fail to honor people;
They fail to honor you;'
But of a good leader; who talks little;
When his work is done; his aim fulfilled;
They will all say; 'We did this ourselves。'
18
When people lost sight of the way to live
Came codes of love and honesty;
Learning came; charity came;
Hypocrisy took charge;
When differences weakened family ties
Came benevolent fathers and dutiful sons;
And when lands were disrupted and misgoverned
Came ministers commended as loyal。
19
Rid of formalized wisdom and learning
People would be a hundredfold happier;
Rid of conventionalized duty and honor
People would find their families dear;
Rid of legalized profiteering
People would have no thieves to fear。
These methods of life have failed; all three;
Here is the way; it seems to me:
Set people free;
As deep in their hearts they would like to be;
From private greeds
And wanton needs。
20
Leave off fine learning! End the nuisance
Of saying yes to this and perhaps to that;
Distinctions with how little difference!
Categorical this; categorical that;
What slightest use are they!
If one man leads; another must follow;
How silly that is and how false!
Yet conventional men lead an easy life
With all their days feast days;
A constant spring visit to the Tall Tower;
While I am a simpleton; a do…nothing;
Not big enough yet to raise a hand;
Not grown enough to smile;
A homeless; worthless waif。
Men of the world have a surplus of goods;
While I am left out; owning nothing。
What a booby I must be
Not to know my way round;
What a fool!
The average man is so crisp and so confident
That I ought to be miserable
Going on and on like the sea;
Drifting nowhere。
All these people are making their mark in the world;
While I; pig…headed; awkward;
Different from the rest;
Am only a glorious infant still nursing at the breast。
21
The surest test if a man be sane
Is if he accepts life whole; as it is;
Without needing by measure or touch to understand
The measureless untouchable source
Of its images;
The measureless untouchable source
Of its substances;
The source which; while it appears dark emptiness;
Brims with a quick force
Farthest away
And yet nearest at hand
From oldest time unto this day;
Charging its images with origin:
What more need I know of the origin
Than this?
22
'Yield and you need not break:'
Bent you can straighten;
Emptied you can hold;
Torn you can mend;
And as want can reward you
So wealth can bewilder。
Aware of this; a wise man has the simple return
Which other men seek:
Without inflaming himself
He is kindled;
Without explaining himself
Is explained;
Without taking credit
Is accredited;
Laying no claim
Is acclaimed
And; because he does not compete;
Finds peaceful competence。
How true is the old saying;
'Yield and you need not break'!
How completely it comes home!
23
Nature does not have to insist;
Can blow for only half a morning;
Rain for only half a day;
And what are these winds and these rains but natural?
If nature does not have to insist;
Why should man?
It is natural too
That whoever follows the way of life feels alive;
That whoever uses it properly feels well used;
Whereas he who loses the way of life feels lost;
That whoever keeps to the way of life
Feels at home;
Whoever uses it properly
Feels welcome;
Whereas he who uses it improperly
Feels improperly used:
'Fail to honor people;
They fail to honor you。
24
Standing tiptoe a man loses balance;
Walking astride he has no pace;
Kindling himself he fails to light;
Acquitting himself he forfeits his hearers;
Admiring himself he does so alone。
Pride has never brought a man greatness
But; according to the way of life;
Brings the ills that make him unfit;
Make him unclean in the eyes of his neighbor;
And a sane man will have none of them。
25
Before creation a prescience existed;
Self…contained; complete;
Formless; voiceless; mateless;
Changeless;
Which yet pervaded itself
With unending motherhood。
Though there can be no name for it;
I have called it 'the way of life。'
Perhaps I should have called it 'the fullness of life;'
Since fullness implies widening into space;
Implies still further widening;
Implies widening until the circle is whole。
In this sense
The way of life is fulfilled;
Heaven is fulfilled;
Earth fulfilled
And a fit man also is fulfilled:
These are the four amplitudes of the universe
And a fit man is one of them:
Man rounding the way of earth;
Earth rounding the way of heaven;
Heaven rounding the way of life
Till the circle is full。
26
Gravity is the root of grace;
The mainstay of all speed。
A traveler of true means; whatever the day's pace;
Remembers the provision…van
And; however fine prospect be offered; is a man
With a calm head。
What lord of countless chariots would ride them in vain;
Would make himself fool of the realm;
With pace beyond rein;
Speed beyond helm?
27
One may move so well that a foot…print never shows;
Speak so well that the tongue never slips;
Reckon so well that no counter is needed;
Seal an entrance so tight; though using no lock;
That it cannot be opened;
Bind a hold so firm; though using no cord;
That it cannot be untied。
And these are traits not only of a sound man
But of many a man thought to be unsound。
A sound man is good at salvage;
At seeing that nothing is lost。
Having what is called insight;
A good man; before he can help a bad man;
Finds in himself the matter with the bad man。
And whichever teacher
Discounts the lesson
Is as far off the road as the other;
Whatever else he may know。
That is the heart of it。
28
'One who has a man's wings
And a woman's also
Is in himself a womb of the wor