04道德经英译本85种-第512章
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began with a single basketful of earth;
An ascent of a hundred steps
begins beneath one's foot。
Who 'acts' fails。
Who grasps…on loses。
Sages do not 'act'
therefore they do not fail;
they do not grasp…on
and therefore they do not lose。
In pursuing their affairs;
people often fail when close to success。
Therefore; if one is cautious at both end and beginning;
there will be no failures。
Thus Sages desire to be free of avarice;
and do not prize goods that are hard to come by。
They learn not to be 'learned'
and return to what others leave behind。
Thus they can help the myriad creatures to be natural;
for they dare not 'act!'
65
The ancients who walked the Path
did not seek to enlighten people with it;
they used it; rather; to relax them。
The people are hard to 'rule' if they are too 'sophisticated。'
Therefore; ruling a state through 'information' actually weakens thestate;
ruling a state through natural simplicity brings DEI…ty into the state。
One who is always mindful of these two types grasps a great paradigm;
mindfulness of this paradigm is 〃mystical virtue。〃
Deep and far runs this Mystical Virtue!
It runs counter to worldly things。。?until they reach the greatSea!
66
The River and the Sea can be Kings
over a hundred valley…streams
because they are good at lying below them。
If Sages want to be be over the people; in teachings;
they must put themselves beneath them。
If one wishes to lead the people;
one must stand behind them。
Thus; one may lead the people without offending them;
one may oversee the people with one's teachings without burdening them;
everyone will happily push one forward without tiring of one's example;
and is this not because one is free of competition?
Because one does not compete with the people; none can oppose you。
67
Everybody say I am great;
great but 'quirky。'
Now; precisely because I am 'quirky' I can BE great;
were I 'conventional' I would long ago have been declared 'common。'
I have always had three treasures that I guard and cherish。
The first is compassion; the second is simplicity; and the third
is daring to not out…do everyone in the world。
Now; because I am compassionate; I find I can be brave;
because I am simple; I can be generous;
because I dare to not out…do everyone in the world;
I find I can lead in the finishing of tasks。
If I; today; were to
be courageous while forsaking compassion;
be generous while forsaking simplicity;
get ahead while forsaking the hindmost;
that would be my end!。。 for
compassion in war brings true victory;
in defense brings invulnerability。
Whomsoever heaven would defend
it surrounds with a bulwark of compassion。
68
A good warrior is not belligerent。
A good fighter does not anger。
A good conqueror does not dislike his enemy。
One who is good at employing others puts themself below them。
This is called 〃the virtue of non competitiveness。〃
This is called 〃utilizing others。〃
This is called 〃parity with heaven;〃
…the pinnacle of the Ancient Masters。
69
Strategists have a saying:
〃I dare not be the host;
but would rather be a guest!
I advance not an inch;
but retreat a foot。〃
This is called
Marching out of file;
Bearing nonexistent arms;
Flourishing nonexistent weapons; and
Driving back nonexistent enemies。
There is no greater a misfortune
than not having a worthy foe;
once I believe there are no worthy foes about;
I have well…nigh forfeited all my treasures。
Therefore; when opposing forces are evenly matched;
The one who is saddened by that WINS。
70
My words are easy to understand and very easy to apply。
But no Ego is able to understand them or apply them。
Words have authority。
Affairs have a history!
It is simply because of their ignorance
that Egos do not understand me。
Those who understand me are few; and
thus I am ennobled。
For this reason; Sages may wear homespun cloth over their shoulders;
but they carry a jewel beyond price in their heart。
71
To realize that you do not understand is a virtue;
NOT to realize it is something of a defect。
The reason Sages have no such defects (LEFT!;)
is because they treat defects AS defects。。
and thus they have none left。
72
When the people do not fear what is majestic;
Great Majesty will soon visit them。
Do not limit their dwellings
nor suppress their livelihoods。
Simply because you do not oppress them;
they will not grow tired of you。
For this reason;
Sages are self…aware;
but do not flaunt themselves;
they are self…focused;
but do not glorify themselves。
They out…grow the one and adopt the other。
73
One who is brave in daring will be killed。
One who is brave but not in daring will survive。
One of these two courses is beneficial; the other harmful。
Who knows the reason for Heaven's preferences?
The way of Heaven is to not make war;
yet it is good at conquering;
does not expound;
yet is good at answering;
will not be ordered…about;
yet comes of it's own free will;
is unconcerned;
yet good at making plans。
Heaven's net is vast;
though it's mesh is wide;
NOTHING ESCAPES。
74
If there is someone who doesn't fear death;
why threaten to kill them?
If people did fear death
and one were to capture and kill the devious few;
who would dare to be devious?:
if the people are always at risk of execution;
there will never lack an executioner。
Now; to kill like an executioner is like…
hacking at wood; instead of masterful carpentry;
few are there who can escape cutting their own hands!
75
Human hunger
is the result of governmental profiteering。
Because of THAT; there is hunger。
The common people are not 'governable'
because of their 'superiors' own behavior。
Because of THAT; they are not governable。
The people are 'entertained' by death
because of too much emphasis on preserving their lives。
Because of THAT; death is their 'entertainment。'
Now; only Great Benevolence who acts not for the sake of outer life
is wiser than those who value their own skin very highly。
76
Human beings are
soft and supple when alive;
stiff and straight when dead。
The myriad creatures; grasses and trees are
soft and supple when alive;
dry and withered when dead。
Therefore it is said:
the rigid person is a disciple of death;
the soft; supple and delicate are lovers of life。
The army that is inflexible will not conquer;
the tree that cannot bend will snap!
The unyielding and mighty will be brought low;
the soft; supple and delicate will rise above them。
77
The Path of Heaven is like bending a bow…
the upper part is pressed down;
the lower part is raised up;
the part which has much is reduced;
the part that has little is increased。
Therefore; the Path of Heaven
reduced surplus to make up for scarcity;
the way of mankind's Ego
reduces scarcity and pays tribute to surplus!
Who is there who can have a surplus
and take from it to pay tribute to Heaven?
Surely; only one who is on the Path。
For this reason; Sages transact; but do not hoard;
complete their work but do not dwell upon it。
In this way; they have no desire to display their 'worth。'
78
Nothing under heaven is gentler or weaker than water;
and yet nothing is better at cutting…through what is hard and strong;
because it is relentless。
This defeat of the hard by the soft; the strong by the weak…
this is known to everyone in the world;