04道德经英译本85种-第480章
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However; Name serves well to create All Things。
Unburdened by desire; the essence of Tao unfolds。
With desire; its manifestations alone appear。
The same source serves both essence and manifestation。
While viewed differently; both are characterized by deep mystery。
Deep mystery … wondrous mystery …
A gateway to the very essence of existence。
2
RELATIVENESS
Beauty becomes recognized as beauty;
As its difference from ugliness is seen。
Likewise;
Goodness and love become recognized;
As their difference from evil and hatred is felt。
The Relationship of:
… Being and non…being is known through life and growth。
… Difficult and easy is known through achievement and completion。
… Long and short is known through form and contrast。
… High and low is known through relationship and position。
… Sound and voice is known through amplitude and harmony。
… Front and behind is known through position and sequence。
Thus:
Wu…Wei graces the affairs of the Sage …
Teaching gracefully; Without words。
Receiving all happening as natural;
Without needing to judge or control。
Giving life and animation to all experience
Without needing to dominate。
Accomplishing; Without expecting reward。
In never assuming importance;
When the Sage's work is complete;
It remains; everlastingly。
3
WU…WEI
When neither the meritorious; worthy; gifted nor wise are exalted or rewarded;
Fighting; quarreling and contention become unnecessary。
When treasure; rare objects and belongings are not accumulated; valued and prized;
The rewards of thievery cease to have meaning。
When desirable things are not seen nor displayed;
The hearts of people are not troubled; excited or confused。
The Sage governs himself and leads others by:
… Encouraging the heart to be open and free from desire。
… Providing sustenance for the stomach。
… Calming the will to strive for the sake of striving。
… Strengthening the body。
Thus; keeping all; innocent and free of knowledge and desire;
The Sage discourages the cunning from harmful action。
Wu…Wei …
Action unforced …
Permitting all to just happen;
by itself;
without effort。
4
TAO IS EMPTY
Tho' Tao is empty … its grace is inexhaustible
A deep and unfathomable source;
The ancestor of all there is。
Through the Tao: … Rough edges are smoothed。
… Hard knots are untied。
… Glare of light is softened。
… Busyness of life is tempered。
Tho' hidden deeply … it is ever present。
Its origin ? … A mystery to me。
It just seems to have been forever。
5
NATURE
Nature is impartial …
While regarding All Things of the universe
as sacred;
Graces them with equality。
Likewise; the Sage is impartial …
While regarding all creatures as sacred;
Graces them with equality。
The universe … a moving bellows … Yin and Yang
always emptying … always full;
Endlessly working … endlessly yielding forth。
Understanding the nature of the universe
by words and by intellect;
Leads to exhaustion。
Hold instead to that intuition which;
Rising from the gut of mankind;
Resembles original nature。
6
SPIRIT OF THE VALLEY
The spirit of the valley is
Empty … Receptive … Eternal。
She is Yin … The Primal Mother。
At her door … the root of heaven and earth;
Which is continuous; without end。
Taking it; using it; drawing upon it;
It serves eternally … without fail。
7
SOFT ACTION
The universe is everlasting。
Not existing for itself; but giving life to all;
It endures forever。
Thus; the Sage …
… Remaining behind and in the background;
Finds himself ahead and in the foreground。
… Staying detached;
Finds himself at one with all。
… Being selfless;
Attains fulfillment。
8
WATERCOURSE WAY
The highest good of mankind; is like water …
… Without competition; gives Life to All Things。
… Flowing; it seeks and dwells in places rejected by mankind。
Thus it approaches close to the Tao。
Accordingly; the Sage …
… In dwelling; Seeks closeness to the earth。
… In heart; Seeks that which is profound。
… In relationships; Seeks gentleness and kindness。
… In speech; Seeks sincerity and truthfulness。
… In government; Seeks justice; order and peace。
… In business; Seeks ability and competence。
… In movement and action; Seeks timeliness。
The Sage …
Remaining free from competition and contention;
Is without blame … beyond reproach。
9
EXCESS
Stop short of full;
Pour not to the brim。
Over…sharpen the sword;
And the edge will soon blunt。
Be surrounded with treasure;
And lie ill at ease。
Claim title and honor and wealth;
And downfall will follow。
With mission accomplished … withdraw。
Such is in harmony with Tao。
10
CHARACTER OF TE
Can you:
Embrace oneness … Maintaining a unity of mind; body and spirit?
Control the Ch'i …
By concentration; cause it to be soft; as a little child?
Clear and purify inner mystic vision …
Spotless and without blur; creating perfection?
Govern and lead … openly; honestly and simply
The governed barely sensing your effect?
Handle 〃life's…gate〃 experiences of birth and death …
Maintaining the receptive principle of Yin?
Be open to All Things … with true understanding
Remaining detached; taking no action; not interfering?
Give birth and nourish All Things …
Seeking neither to lay claim nor possess?
Act and work …
Seeking neither credit nor reward?
Lead and assist …
Seeking neither to master nor dominate?
To do this is the primal virtue …
The profound and mysterious Te。
11
THE EMPTY
While thirty spokes are the substance
of the cartwheel;
The empty space within the hub and between
the spokes permits the wheel to be useful
While clay is the substance of the vessel;
The empty space within permits the vessel
to be useful。
While doors and windows are cut
as the substance of the wall;
The empty space within these enclosures
permits them to be useful。
Thus:
Form is generated by what IS。
Usefulness lies in what IS NOT。
12
SENSUOUS OVERLOAD
Altogether; the five colors …
Confuse; overwhelm and blind the eye。
Altogether; the five sounds …
Confuse; overwhelm and deafen the ear。
Altogether; the five flavors …
Confuse; overwhelm and dull the taste。
Compulsive activity or pursuit of possessions …
Confuses; overwhelms and maddens the mind。
Thus:
The Sage rejects the sensuous environment;
Being better guided by intuitive truth …
His inner nature。
13
NATURE OF FEAR
Favor and glory as well as disfavor and disgrace;
All cause pain in equal measure。 …
As disfavor and disgrace cause pain;
Possessing favor and glory …
The fear of its loss is ever present。
What we value and what we choose to fear
Are both contained within our body/selves。
We possess fear because we have a body/self。
Ceasing to acknowledge the body part of self;
Nothing of significance remains to be feared。
The leader …
In honoring and loving his responsibilities
as he honors and loves the body/self;
Can be entrusted with the leadership
of his domain。
14
THE MYSTICAL TAO
Looking for it; it cannot be seen …
Being formless; it is called Yi; the invisible。
Listening to it; it cannot be heard …
Being soundless; it is called Hsi; the inaudible。
Grasping at it; it cannot be reached …
Being subtle; it is called Wei; the intangible。
These three; imperceptible; indescribable …
Mystically united and elusively perceived
as an undefinable oneness。