04道德经英译本85种-第47章
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The people just know he is there。
His deputy's cherished and praised;
Of the third; they are frightened;
The fourth; they despise and revile。
If you trust people less than enough;
Some of them never trust you。
He is aloof; as if his talk
Were priced beyond the purchasing;
But once his project is contrived;
The folk will want to say of it:
〃Of course! We did it by ourselves!〃
18
The mighty Way declined among the folk
And then came kindness and morality。
When wisdom and intelligence appeared;
They brought with them a great hypocrisy。
The six relations were no more at peace;
So codes were made to regulate our homes。
The fatherland grew dark; confused by strife:
Official loyalty became the style。
19
Get rid of the wise men!
Put out the professors!
Then people will profit
A hundredfold over。
Away with the kind ones;
Those righteous men too!
And let people return
To the graces of home。
Root out the artisans;
Banish the profiteers!
And bandits and robbers
Will not come to plunder。
But if these three prove not enough
To satisfy the mind and heart;
More relevant; then; let there be
A visible simplicity of life;
Embracing unpretentious ways;
And small self…interest
And poverty of coveting。
20
Be done with rote learning
And its attendant vexations;
For is there distinction
Of a 〃yes〃 from a 〃yea〃
Comparable now to the gulf
Between evil and good?
〃What all men fear; I too must fear〃…
How barren and pointless a thought!
The reveling of multitudes
At the feast of Great Sacrifice;
Or up on the terrace
At carnival in spring;
Leave me; alas; unmoved; alone;
Like a child that has never smiled。
Lazily; I drift
As though I had no home。
All others have enough to spare;
I am the one left out。
I have the mind of a fool;
Muddled and confused!
When common people scintillate
I alone make shadows。
Vulgar folks are sharp and knowing:
Only I am melancholy。
Restless like the ocean;
Blown about; I cannot stop。
Other men can find employment;
But I am stubborn; I am mean。
Alone I am and different;
Because I prize and seek
My sustenance from the Mother!
21
The omnipresent Virtue will take shape
According only to the Way。
The Way itself is like some thing
Seen in a dream; elusive; evading one。
In it are images; elusive; evading one。
In it are things like shadows in twilight。
In it are essences; subtle but real;
Embedded in truth。
From of old until now;
Under names without end;
The First; the Beginning is seen。
How do I know the beginning of all;
What its nature may be?
By these!
22
The crooked shall be made straight
And the rough places plain;
The pools shall be filled
And the worn renewed;
The needy shall receive
And the rich shall be perplexed。
So the Wise Man cherishes the One;
As a standard to the world:
Not displaying himself;
He is famous;
Not asserting himself;
He is distinguished;
Not boasting his powers;
He is effective;
Taking no pride in himself;
He is chief。
Because he is no competitor;
No one in all the world
can compete with him。
The saying of the men of old
Is not in vain:
〃The crooked shall be made straight…〃
To be perfect; return to it。
23
Sparing indeed is nature of its talk:
The whirlwind will not last the morning out;
The cloudburst ends before the day is done。
What is it that behaves itself like this?
The earth and sky! And if it be that these
Cut short their speech; how much more yet should man!
If you work by the Way;
You will be of the Way;
If you work through its virtue
you will be given the virtue;
Abandon either one
And both abandon you。
Gladly then the Way receives
Those who choose to walk in it;
Gladly too its power upholds
Those who choose to use it well;
Gladly will abandon greet
Those who to abandon drift。
Little faith is put in them
Whose faith is small。
24
On tiptoe your stance is unsteady;
Long strides make your progress unsure;
Show off and you get no attention;
Your boasting will mean you have failed;
Asserting yourself brings no credit;
Be proud and you will never lead。
To persons of the Way; these traits
Can only bring distrust; they seem
Like extra food for parasites。
So those who choose the Way;
Will never give them place。
25
Something there is; whose veiled creation was
Before the earth or sky began to be;
So silent; so aloof and so alone;
It changes not; nor fails; but touches all:
Conceive it as the mother of the world。
I do not know its name:
A name for it is 〃Way〃;
Pressed for designation;
I call it Great。
Great means outgoing;
Outgoing; far…reaching;
Far…reaching; return。
The Way is great;
The sky is great;
The earth is great;
The king also is great。
Within the realm
These four are great;
The king but stands
For one of them。
Man conforms to the earth;
The earth conforms to the sky;
The sky conforms to the Way;
The Way conforms to its own nature。
26
The heavy is foundation for the light;
So quietness is master of the deed。
The Wise Man; though he travel all the day;
Will not be separated from his goods。
So even if the scene is glorious to view;
He keeps his place; at peace; above it all。
For how can one who rules
Ten thousand chariots
Give up to lighter moods
AS all the world may do?
If he is trivial;
His ministers are lost;
If he is strenuous;
There is no master then。
27
A good runner leaves no tracks。
A good speech has no flaws to censure。
A good computer uses no tallies。
A good door is well shut without bolts and cannot be opened。
A good knot is tied without rope and cannot be loosed。
The Wise Man is always good at helping people;
so that none are cast out;
he is always good at saving things;
so that none are thrown away。
This is called applied intelligence。
Surely the good man is the bad man's teacher;
and the bad man is the good man's business。
If the one does not respect his teacher;
or the other doesn't love his business;
his error is very great。
This is indeed an important secret。
28
Be aware of your masculine nature;
But by keeping the feminine way;
You shall be to the world like a canyon;
Where the Virtue eternal abides;
And go back to become as a child。
Be aware of the white all around you;
But remembering the black that is there;
You shall be to the world like a tester;
Whom the Virtue eternal; unerring;
Redirects to the infinite past。
Be aware of your glory and honor;
But in never relinquishing shame;
You shall be to the world like a valley;
Where Virtue eternal; sufficient;
Sends you back to the Virginal Block。
When the Virginal Block is asunder;
And is made into several tools;
To the ends of the Wise Man directed;
They become then his chief officers:
For 〃The Master himself does not carve。〃
29
As for those who would take the whole world
To tinker as they see fit;
I observe that they never succeed:
For the world is a sacred vessel
Not to be altered by man。
The tinker will spoil it;
Usurpers will lose it。
For indeed there are things
That must move ahead;
While others must lag;
And some that feel hot;
While others feel cold;
And some that are strong;
While others are weak;
And vigorous ones;
While others worn out。
So the Wise Man discards