04道德经英译本85种-第414章
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77
Heaven抯 Way； like unto a bow full…drawn ？br》 Low end raised； top bent down ？br》 Subtracts from the have…mores
And supplies those in want。
Heaven抯 Way ？to supply who wants
By taking from the have…mores ？br》 Is not the Way of men；
Who take from those in need
To serve those who have more。
Who will use the surplus to serve this world below？
None but men of the Way。
Wise rulers for this reason
Act without self…satisfaction；
For their deeds shun recognition
To conceal their contribution。
78
What more gentle in this world than water？
Yet nothing better conquers hard and strong。
What else could take its place？
Gentle conquers strong； and tender hard。
Well…known as this is to all the world；
Who has proven able to apply it？
Wiser men accordingly have said；
揌e who for the kingdom抯 sake bears shame
Earns the name ？master of the shrine。
He who for the kingdom bears ill…fortune
Earns the name of king of all the world。？br》 How untrue words of truth appear to be。
79
When great wrongs resolved
Leave further wrongs behind ？br》 What good will come of that？
When wise men hold the left half…tally pledge；
They do not press their debtors for their debts。
Men of virtue hold the tally pledge；
Men lacking virtue work pursuing claims。
Heaven抯 way does not show kinship favour
But rather joins with good and decent men。
80
Keep the kingdom small； its people few；
Make sure they have no use for tools
That do the work of tens or hundreds。
Nor let the people travel far
And leave their homes and risk their lives。
Boat or cart； if kept at all； best not to ride；
Shield and blade best not to show。
Guide them back to early times
When knotted cords served for signs；
And they took relish in their food
And delight in their dress；
Secure in their dwellings；
Content in their customs；
Although a neighbour kingdom stood in view
And the barnyard cries of cocks and dogs
Echoed from village to village；
Their folk would never traffic to and fro ？br》 Never； to the last of their days。
81
Words to trust and not refine。
Words refined are not to trust。
Good men are not gifted speakers。
Gifted speakers are not good。
Experts are not widely learned；
The widely learned not expert。
Wise rulers for themselves keep naught；
Yet gain by having done for all；
Have more for having freely shared；
Do good not harm is heaven抯 Way；
The wise act for and not against。
English_Rosenthal_TTK
Das Tao Te King von Lao Tse
Chinese … English by
Stan Rosenthal； 1984
1
THE EMBODIMENT OF TAO
Even the finest teaching is not the Tao itself。
Even the finest name is insufficient to define it。
Without words； the Tao can be experienced；
and without a name； it can be known。
To conduct one's life according to the Tao；
is to conduct one's life without regrets；
to realize that potential within oneself
which is of benefit to all。
Though words or names are not required
to live one's life this way；
to describe it； words and names are used；
that we might better clarify
the way of which we speak；
without confusing it with other ways
in which an individual might choose to live。
Through knowledge； intellectual thought and words；
the manifestations of the Tao are known；
but without such intellectual intent
we might experience the Tao itself。
Both knowledge and experience are real；
but reality has many forms；
which seem to cause complexity。
By using the means appropriate；
we extend ourselves beyond
the barriers of such complexity；
and so experience the Tao。
2
LETTING GO OF COMPARISONS
We cannot know the Tao itself；
nor see its qualities direct；
but only see by differentiation；
that which it manifests。
Thus； that which is seen as beautiful
is beautiful compared with that
which is seen as lacking beauty；
an action considered skilled
is so considered in comparison
with another； which seems unskilled。
That which a person knows he has
is known to him by that which he does not have；
and that which he considers difficult
seems so because of that which he can do with ease。
One thing seems long by comparison with that
which is； comparatively； short。
One thing is high because another thing is low；
only when sound ceases is quietness known；
and that which leads
is seen to lead only by being followed。
In comparison； the sage；
in harmony with the Tao；
needs no comparisons；
and when he makes them； knows
that comparisons are judgements；
and just as relative to he who makes them；
and to the situation；
as they are to that on which
the judgement has been made。
Through his experience；
the sage becomes aware that all things change；
and that he who seems to lead；
might also； in another situation； follow。
So he does nothing； he neither leads nor follows。
That which he does is neither big nor small；
without intent； it is neither difficult；
nor done with ease。
His task completed； he then lets go of it；
seeking no credit； he cannot be discredited。
Thus； his teaching lasts for ever；
and he is held in high esteem。
3
WITHOUT SEEKING ACCLAIM
By retaining his humility；
the talented person who is also wise；
reduces rivalry。
The person who possesses many things；
but does not boast of his possessions；
reduces temptation； and reduces stealing。
Those who are jealous of the skills or things
possessed by others；
most easily themselves become possessed by envy。
Satisfied with his possessions；
the sage eliminates the need to steal；
at one with the Tao；
he remains free of envy；
and has no need of titles。
By being supple； he retains his energy。
He minimizes his desires；
and does not train himself in guile；
nor subtle words of praise。
By not contriving； he retains
the harmony of his inner world；
and so remains at peace within himself。
It is for reasons such as these；
that an administration
which is concerned
with the welfare of those it serves；
does not encourage status
and titles to be sought；
nor encourage rivalry。
Ensuring a sufficiency for all；
helps in reducing discontent。
Administrators who are wise
do not seek honours for themselves；
nor act with guile
towards the ones they serve。
4
THE UNFATHOMABLE TAO
It is the nature of the Tao；
that even though used continuously；
it is replenished naturally；
never being emptied；
and never being over…filled；
as is a goblet
which spills its contents
upon the ground。
The Tao therefore cannot be said
to waste its charge；
but constantly remains
a source of nourishment
for those who are not so full of self
as to be unable to partake of it。
When tempered beyond its natural state；
the finest blade will lose its edge。
Even the hardest tempered sword；
against water； is of no avail；
and will shatter if struck against a rock。
When untangled by a cutting edge；
the cord in little pieces lies；
and is of little use。
Just as the finest swordsmith
tempers the finest blade
with his experience；
so the sage； with wisdom； tempers intellect。
With patience； tangled cord may be undone；
and problems which seem insoluble； resolved。
With wise administrators； all can exist in unity；
each with the other；
because no man need feel that he exists；
only as the shadow of his brilliant brother。
Through conduct not contrived for gain；
awareness of the Tao may be maintained。
This is how its mysteries may be found。
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