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第283章

04道德经英译本85种-第283章

小说: 04道德经英译本85种 字数: 每页4000字

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  Exhibit the unadorned and embrace the uncarved block;
  Have little thought of self and as few desires as possible。

  20

  Between yea and nay
  How much difference is there?
  Between good and evil
  How great is the distance?

  What others fear
  One must also fear。

  The multitude are joyous
  As if partaking of the offering
  Or going up to a terrace in spring。
  I alone am inactive and reveal no signs;
  And wax without having reached the limit。
  Like a baby that has not yet learned to smile;
  Listless as though with no home to go back to。
  The multitude all have more than enough。
  I alone seem to be in want。
  My mind is that of a fool … how blank!
  Vulgar people are clear。
  I alone am drowsy。
  Vulgar people are alert。
  I alone am muddled。
  Calm like the sea;
  Like a high wind that never ceases。
  The multitude all have a purpose。
  I alone am foolish and uncouth。
  I alone am different from others
  And value being fed by the mother。

  21

  In his every movement a man of great virtue
  Follows the way and the way only。

  As a thing the way is
  Shadowy and indistinct。
  Indistinct and shadowy;
  Yet within it is an image;
  Shadowy and indistinct;
  Yet within it is a substance。
  Dim and dark;
  Yet within it is an essence。
  This essence is quite genuine
  And within it is something that can be tested。

  From the present back to antiquity;
  Its name never deserted it。
  It serves as a means for inspecting the fathers of the multitude。

  How do I know that the fathers of the multitude are like that?
  By means of this。

  22

  Bowed down then preserved;
  Bent then straight;
  Hollow then full;
  Worn then new;
  A little then benefited;
  A lot then perplexed。

  Therefore the sage embraces the One and is a model for the empire。

  He does not show himself; and so is conspicuous;
  He does not consider himself right; and so is illustrious;
  He does not brag; and so has merit;
  He does not boast; and so endures。

  It is because he does not contend that no one in the empire is in aposition to contend with him。

  The way the ancients had it; 'Bowed down then preserved'; is no emptysaying。
  Truly it enables one to be preserved to the end。

  23

  To use words but rarely
  Is to be natural。

  Hence a gusty wind cannot last all morning; and a sudden downpour cannotlast all day。
  Who is it that produces these? Heaven and earth。
  If even heaven and earth cannot go on forever; much less can man。
  That is why one follows the way。

  A man of the way conforms to the way;
  A man of virtue conforms to virtue;
  A man of loss conforms to loss。
  He who conforms to the way is gladly accepted by the way;
  He who conforms to virtue is gladly accepted by virtue;
  He who conforms to loss is gladly accepted by loss。

  When there is not enough faith; there is lack of good faith。

  24

  He who tiptoes cannot stand; he who strides cannot walk。

  He who shows himself is not conspicuous;
  He who considers himself right is not illustrious;
  He who brags will have no merit;
  He who boasts will not endure。

  From the point of view of the way these are 'excessive food and uselessexcresences'。
  As there are Things that detest them; he who has the way does not abidein them。?br》
  25

  There is a thing confusedly formed;
  Born before heaven and earth。
  Silent and void
  It stands alone and does not change;
  Goes round and does not weary。
  It is capable of being the mother of the world。
  I know not its name
  So I style it 'the way'。

  I give it the makeshift name of 'the great'。
  Being great; it is further described as receding;
  Receding; it is described as far away;
  Being far away; it is described as turning back。

  Hence the way is great;
  Heaven is great;
  Earth is great;
  The king is also great。
  Within the realm there are four things that are great;
  And the king counts as one。

  Man models himself on earth;
  Earth on heaven;
  Heaven on the way;
  And the way on that which is naturally so。

  26

  The heavy is the root of the light;
  The still is the lord of the restless。

  Therefore the gentleman when travelling all day
  Never lets the heavily laden carts out of his sight。
  It is only when he is safely behind walls and watch…towers
  That he rests peacefully and is above worries。
  How; then; should a ruler of ten thousand chariots
  Make light of his own person in the eyes of the empire?

  If light; then the root is lost;
  If restless; then the lord is lost。

  27

  One who excels in travelling leaves no wheel tracks;
  One who excels in speech makes no slips;
  One who excels in reckoning uses no counting rods;
  One who excels in shutting uses no bolts yet what he has shut cannotbe opened。
  One who excels in tying uses no cords yet what he has tied cannot beundone。

  Therefore the sage always excels in saving people; and so abandons noone;
  Always excels in saving things; and so abandons nothing。

  This is called following one's discernment。

  Hence the good man is the teacher the bad learns from;
  And the bad man is the material the good works on。
  Not to value the teacher
  Nor to love the material
  Though it seems clever; betrays great bewilderment。

  This is called the essential and the secret。

  28

  Know the male
  But keep to the role of the female
  And be a ravine to the empire。
  If you are a ravine to the empire;
  Then the constant virtue will not desert you
  And you will again return to being a babe。

  Know the white
  But keep to the role of the sullied
  And be a model to the empire。
  If you are a model to the empire;
  Then the constant virtue will not be wanting
  And you will return to the infinite;

  Know honour
  But keep to the role of the disgraced
  And be a valley to the empire。
  If you are a valley to the empire;
  Then the constant virtue will be sufficient
  And you will return to being the uncarved block。

  When the uncarved block shatters it becomes vessels。
  The sage makes use of these and becomes the lord over the officials。

  Hence the greatest cutting does not sever。

  29

  Whoever takes the empire and wishes to do anything to it I see willhave no respite。
  The empire is a sacred vessel and nothing should be done to it。
  Whoever does anything to it will ruin it;
  whoever lays hold of it will lose it。

  Hence some things lead and some follow;
  Some breathe gently and some breathe hard;
  Some are strong and some are weak;
  Some destroy and some are destroyed。

  Therefore the sage avoids excess; extravagance; and arrogance。

  30

  One who assists the ruler of men by means of the way does not intimidatethe empire by a show of arms。

  This is something which is liable to rebound。
  Where troops have encamped
  There will brambles grow;
  In the wake of a mighty army
  Bad harvests follow without fail。

  One who is good aims only at bringing his campaign to a conclusion anddare not thereby intimidate。
  Bring it to a conclusion but do not brag;
  Bring it to a conclusion but do not be arrogant;
  Bring it to a conclusion but only when there is no choice;
  Bring it to a conclusion but do not intimidate。

  A creature in its prime doing harm to the old
  Is known as going against the way。
  That which goes against the way will come to an early end。

  31

  It is because arms are instruments of ill omen and there are Thingsthat detest them that the one who has the way does not abide by their use。
  The gentleman gives precedence to the left when at home; but to theright when he goes to war。
  Arms are instruments of ill omen; not the instruments of the gentleman。
  When one is compelled to use them; it is best to do so w

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