04道德经英译本85种-第241章
按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页,按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页,按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部!
————未阅读完?加入书签已便下次继续阅读!
This is called Following the Constant。
53
Distractions
Were I have the least bit of knowledge;
In walking on a Great Road
it is only going stray that I Would fear。
Keeping to the main road is easy;
But people greatly delight in tortuous paths。
The courts are swept very clean;
While the fields are full of weeds;
And the granaries are all empty。
Their clothing … richly embroidered and colored;
While at their waists they carry sharp swords;
And indulge themselves with food and drink;
And of possessions they have plenty。
It is called thievery!
And thievery is certainly not the way of Tao。
54
Go by love
What is firmly set up
cannot be pulled down。
What is firmly embraced cannot slip away。
And our sons and grandsons; as a result;
Will sacrifice without end。
When you cultivate it in your self;
Your virtue will then be genuine;
When you cultivate it in your family;
Your virtue will then overflow;
When you cultivate it in your village;
Your virtue will then be long lasting;
When you cultivate it in your nation;
Your virtue will then be abundant;
When you cultivate it throughout the world;
Your virtue will then be widespread。
Use the individual to examine the individual;
Use the family to examine the family;
Use the village to examine the village;
Use the nation to examine the nation;
And use the world to examine the world。
How do I know that the world is so?
By this!
55
Love and Nature
One who embraces the fullness of Virtue
Can be compared with a newborn child。
Wasps and scorpions; snakes and vipers
Will not sting him;
Birds of prey and fierce beasts
Do not seize him;
His bones are soft; his muscles weak and pliant;
Yet his grip is firm。
He has not experienced the union of
Man and woman; yet his organ is aroused。
This is because his essence is at his height。
He can scream all day;
Yet without becoming hoarse。
This is because his harmony is at its height。
To know harmony is called 〃the constant。〃
To know the constant is called 〃being wise。〃
To add on to life is called 〃a bad omen。〃
For the mind to control the breath …
That is called 〃forcing things。〃
When things has reached their prime they get old。
This is called 〃not the way of Tao。〃
What is not the Way
Will come to an early end。
56
Impartiality
Those who know do not talk about it。
Those who talk do not know about it。
He blocks up his holes;
Closes his doors;
Softens the glare;
Settles the dust;
Files down the sharp edges;
And unties the tangles。
This is called the profound union。
Therefore; there is no way
To get intimate with him。
There is no way to benefit him;
But there is also no way to harm him。
There is no way to ennoble him。
But there is also no way to debase him
For this reason he is the noblest thing in the world。
57
Government
Use the upright and correct to order the state;
Use surprise tactics when you use troops。
Use unconcern with affairs
To take control of the world。
How do I know that this is so?
Well; the more taboos and prohibitions
There are in the world;
The poorer the people will be;
The more sharp weapons the people possess;
The more muddled the states will be。
The more knowledge and skill people have;
The more novel things will appear。
The more legal matters are made prominent;
The more robbers and thieves there will be。
Therefore the words of the Sage say:
I do nothing;
And the people of themselves are transformed。
I love tranquility;
And people of themselves are upright。
I am unconcerned with affairs;
And the people of themselves become rich。
I desire not to desire;
and the people of themselves
Are genuine and simple;
like unvarved wood。
58
Be forgiving
When the government is muddled and confused;
The people are genuine and sincere。
When the government is discriminate and clear;
The state is crafty and cunning。
Disaster is that on which good fortune depends。
Good fortune is that in which disaster is concealed。
Who knows where it will end?
For there is no 'fixed' 〃correct〃。
The correct turns into the 〃deviant〃。
And good turns into evil。
People's state of confusion
Has certainly existed for a long time。
Therefore be square but do not cut;
Be sharp but do not stab;
Be straightforward but not unrestrained;
Be bright but do not dazzle。
59
Restraint
For ordering humanity and serving Heaven;
Nothing is so good as being sparing。
For only if you are sparing can you;
Therefore; early submit to The Way。
Early submission … This is called
To repeatedly accumulate Virtue
If you repeatedly accumulate Virtue;
Then there is nothing you cannot overcome。
When there is nothing you cannot overcome;
No one knows where it will end;
You can possess the state。
And when you possess the mother of the state;
You can last a very long time。
This is called having deep roots
and a firm base。
It is the Way of long life and long…lasting vision。
60
Emotions
Ruling a large state is like cooking a small fish。
When you use the Way to govern the world;
Evil spirits will not have godlike power;
It is that their power will not harm men。
But it is not only that their powers will not harm men;
The sage also; will not harm them。
Since these two do not do not harm others;
Therfore their Virtues intermingle and returns to them。
61
International relations
A large state is like the lower part of a river。
It is the female of the world。
It is the meeting point of the world。
The female constantly overcomes
The male with tranquility。
Because she is tranquil;
Therefore she is fittinly underneath。
The large state … if it is below the small state;
Then it takes over the small state。
The small state … if it is below the large state;
Then it is taken over by the large state。
Therefore some by being low take over;
And some by being low are teken over。
Therefore a large state merely desires
To unite and rear others;
While the small state desires
To enter and te serve others。
If both get what they want;
Then the large state should
Fittingly be underneath。
62
Sin
The Way is that toward which all things flow。
It is the treasure of the good man;
And that which protect the bad。
Beautiful words can be bought and sold;
Honored deeds can be presented to others as gifts;
Even with things that people regard as no good …
Will they be rejected?
Therefore when the Son of Heaven
is being enthroned or the Three Ministers installed;
Though you might salute them with gifts of jade
Preceded by teams of four horses;
That is not so good as siiting still and offering this。
That is the reason why he ancients
valued this … what was it?
Did they not say;
Those who seek with this; will attain;And thodse who commit offenses with this; will escape?
Therefore; it is the most valued thing in the world。
63
Work
Act without acting。
Serve without corncern for affairs。
Find flavor in what has no flavor。
Regard the small as large; and the few as many。
And repay resentment with kindness。
Plan for the difficult while it is easy;
Act on the large when it is minute。
The most difficult things in the world
Begin as things that are easy。
The most difficult things in the world
Arise from the minute。
Therefore the sage; to the end;
Does not strive to do the great。
Those who too lightly agree;
Will necessarily be t