04道德经英译本85种-第194章
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Visualize simplicity and embrace uncarved wood。
Downgrade 'selfishness' and diminish 'desire。'
Terminate learning and you will lack irritation。
20
Left without Language
How much separates
'Uh huh' and 'Huh uh'?
What is the separation like between
'worthy' and 'vile'?
What humans fear
cannot not be feared。
Futile! Not focused yet。
The crowd festive
like enjoying an Easter picnic
or on an Easter sunrise hike。
I; alone; am placidit's portent not yet clear。
Like an infant not yet a baby。
Languorous!
Like having no refuge。
The crowd all have plenty
I alone treat it as loss。
Mine is the heart…mind of the stupid; indeed。
Indiscriminate!
People of custom are lustrous;
I alone am dull。
People of custom are critically discriminating;
I alone obfuscate。
Bland! It's like the ocean;
drifting! like I have no place to stop。
The crowd all have the…capacity…to
and I alone am dallying and wanton。
I alone am different from humans;
and value nursing at Mother's breast。
21
Guiding and the Physical
The content of permeating virtuosity
is merely following a guide。
To deem guides as a natural kind:
Indeed confused! Indeed indistinct!
Indistinct! Confused!
Within them there are signs。
Confused! Indistinct!
Within them there are natural kinds。
Yawning! Murky!
Within them there is generative energy。
Their energy is optimally authentic。
Within it there is reliability。
From the past to the present
it's name remains。
And elucidates the crowd's honored father。
How do I know the shape of the crowd's honored father?
With this。
22
The Point to Reversal?
If 'crooked' then 'intact'
If 'twisted' then 'straight'
If 'vacuous' then 'filled'
If 'worn out' then 'new'
If 'deficient' then 'endowed'
If 'endowed' then 'confounded'
Using this: Sages embrace one
and deem it the social world's model。
He doesn't see by himself hence is perceptive。
Doesn't affirm himself hence is discerning。
Doesn't attack by himself hence has success。
Doesn't esteem himself hence becomes an elder。
In general: he does not dispute
hence in the social world none is able to dispute with him。
The ancients who said 'If 'crooked' then 'intact''
could they have offered empty words?
Take 'intact' as sincere and return to it。
23
The Constancy of Guiding Concepts
Rare language is our own doing。
Hence a twisting wind does not end the morning。
A sudden storm does not end the day。
What makes these the case?the cosmos。
The cosmos can raise it but cannot make it endure。
How much more is this the case with the human realm?
Hence those who pursue affairs with 'guidance'
Those of 'guidance;' join in guidance。
Those of 'virtuosity;' join in virtuosity。
Those of 'loss;' join in loss。
Those who join in guidance; guidance is pleased to get them。
Those who join in virtuosity; virtuosity is pleased to get them。
Those who join in loss; loss is pleased to get them。
When reliability is inadequate in it
There will be unreliability in it。
24
Important distinctions
Those who tiptoe do not stand。
Those who stride do not walk。
Those who see for themselves are not discerning。
Those who affirm for themselves are not insightful。
Those who attack it themselves do not achieve。
Those who esteem themselves do not become elders。
When these are in guides; we say:
'Excess provision; redundant action。'
Some natural kinds avoid them。
Hence those who have guides don't place them。
25
What's behind it all?
There is a thing…kind made up of a mix。
It emerges before the cosmos。
Solitary! Inchoate!
Self grounded and unchanging。
Permeating all processes without extremity。
We can deem it the mother of the social world。
I don't know its name。 When put in characters we say dao。
Forced to deem it as named; we say 'great。'
Being great; we say 'comprehensive。'
Being comprehensive; we say 'far reaching。'
Being far reaching; we say 'reverting。'
So our dao is great;
Nature (heaven) is great;
Earth is great;
and kings are also great。
Within a region are four 'greats。'
And the King occupies one of those 'lofty' statuses。
Humans treat earth as a standard。
Earth treats constant nature as a standard。
Constant nature treats dao as a standard。
Dao treats being so of itself as a standard。
26
Ambiguous Reversals
Deem 'heavy' as root of 'light'
Deem 'calm' as lord of 'uproar'。
Using this: Sages pass the whole day in activity
and never separate from his heavy provisions cart。
Even though he has an sublime views;
surpassing those where swallows dwell。
What do we say; then;
of the 10;000 chariot ruler
who; based on the self; 'lights' the social world?
To 'light' is to lose the root。
To 'uproar' is to lose the lord。
27
Paradoxes of the Greatest Skill
Worthy travel lacks ruts and footprints。
Worthy language lacks flaws and reproach。
Worthy tallying doesn't use algorithms。
Worthy closing lacks bars and bolts
and still can't be opened。
Worthy securing lacks rope or restraint
and still can't be loosed。
Using this: Sages take saving humanity as a constant
hence don't abandon humans
take saving thing…kinds as a constant;
therefore don't abandon thing…kinds。
Call this 'bushwhacking discernment。'
Hence those who are worthy
are the instructors of the unworthy
The unworthy
are the stuff of the worthy。
'Don't value their instructor;
don't love their stuff'
Even the wise are greatly puzzled
Call this 〃the necessary mystery。〃
28
Opposites and Primitivism
To know its 'male'
and preserve its 'female'
is to act as the world's ravine。
To act as the world' ravine;
treat virtuosity as constant; and avoid separating
is to return to infancy。
To know its 'white'
and preserve its 'black'
is to act as the world's paradigm。
To act as the world's paradigm;
treat virtuosity as constant and avoid lapses
is to return to the negative ultimate。
To know its 'sublime'
and preserve its 'disgraced'
is to act as the world's valley。
To act as the world's valley;
treating virtuosity as constant is sufficient
to return to uncarved wood。
If wood is split then it is deemed an artifact。
Sages use it
and they are deemed officials and elders。
Thus great systems don't cut。
29
Deeming
Those who desire to take the social world and deem…act it;
I see that they just don't get it。
The social world is an energized artifact。
It is not the case that it can be deemed。
Those who deem…act crush it。
Those who grasp lose it。
Hence; among natural kinds sometimes act;
sometimes conform。
sometimes snort
sometimes blow。
sometimes be strong
sometimes weak。
sometimes control
sometimes destroy。
Using this: Sages abandon superlatives;
abandon extravagance;
abandon expansiveness。
30
Government without Coercion
Those who use a guide to help the ruling class
should not coerce the social world with arms。
Social affairs are highly reciprocal。
Where you place a division;
thorns and briars grow。
In the wake of a great army
inevitably lies years of calamities。
Skill bears fruit period!
Do not presume; in view of that; to choose coercion。
Have effects and avoid regard。
Have effects and avoid assault。
Have effects and avoid pride。
Have effects and treat it as inevitable。
Have effects and avoid coercion。
Natural kinds are robustthen they get old。
This is called 'don't guide。'
Practice 'don't guide' early!