04道德经英译本85种-第157章
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Cautious?as if in winter; crossing a stream
Strategizing?as if they feared their own four neighbors。
Dignified?they seemed forgiving。
Scattered?like ice floes about to break apart。
Honest?they seemed plain and simple。
Free from worries and petty ideas?they seemed 'as open' as a valley。
'Apparently' acting without a plan?they seemed muddled。
Calm?they seemed like the ocean。
Like wind in the mountains?they seemed to be without stagnation。
Who can; in muddiness; use the gradual purification of stillness?
Who can; in serenity; use the gradual arising of movement?
They who hold to this Tao do not desire to overflow。
It抯 only by not overflowing
That one can therefore be shielded
And newly made。
16
Bring about emptiness to the extreme。
Guard true stillness。
The ten…thousand things rise together。
I therefore observe their return:
Those ten…thousand plants梕ach plant梤eturns
Going back to its root。
Going back to the root is said to be stillness。
This is called returning to life。
Returning to life is called the Constant。
Understanding the Constant is called clarity。
Not understanding the Constant:
Reckless actions梞isfortune。
Understanding the Constant; forgive。
Forgive; then be unbiased。
Be unbiased; then be whole。
Be whole; then be Heaven。
Be Heaven; then be Tao。
Be Tao; then be eternal。
Not having a body; there is no danger。
17
The highest superiors?br》 People below them 'merely' know they have them。
The next highest梡eople below them love and praise them。
The next highest梡eople below them fear them。
The next highest梡eople below them insult them。
Where trust is insufficient
There is distrust。
So gentle; 'the sage' values their words。
'And so when' their achievements are completed
And their work is successful
The hundred clans all proclaim
揥e are naturally like this!?br》
18
When the great Tao is abandoned
There exists humaneness and righteousness。
When intelligence and wit go forth
There exists greatness and deception。
When the six familial relationships are not in harmony
There exists obedience and charity。
When kingdoms and households are in darkness and chaos
There exists loyalty and subjugation。
19
Get rid of sagacity; abandon wisdom:
The people benefit a hundred…fold。
Get rid of humanitarianism; abandon righteousness:
The people recover filial piety and motherly love。
Get rid of cleverness; abandon profit:
Robbers and thieves do not exist。
Those who 'understand' these three things
Therefore take 'mere' civility to be insufficient。
Therefore; this directive has a place it belongs to:
See the plain。
Embrace simplicity。
Diminish selfishness。
Desire little。
20
Get rid of erudition; do not fret。
The saying of 搚es?or 搃ndubitably敆
They are removed from each other by how much?
In what way?
The imparting of 揼ood?or 揺vil敆
In what way do they seem to differ from each other?
But that which the people fear
Is not suited to be disrespected。
Wild indeed; those not yet centered!
The masses of people are boisterous and exuberant
As if enjoying the greatest sacrificial feast。
As if in Spring; climbing onto the lookouts。
I alone am tranquil and quiet indeed; not yet showing these signs?br》 Like an infant babying those who are not yet children。
Weary; weary; as if no place to belong to!
The masses of people all have surplus
And I alone seem to be missing something。
Mine is the heart of a fool; besides!
Turbid and chaotic indeed; the ordinary people; bright and eminent!
I alone am muddled and confused。
Ordinary people study; survey; and scrutinize。
I alone am bored and uninterested。
The masses of people all have instrumentality
But I alone am both ignorant and lowly。
I alone differ from people
And value the nourishing Mother。
21
The forming of exceeding virtue?br》 Only the Tao indeed manages 'to do'。
The functioning 搒ubstance?of the Tao is only indistinct; only vague。
So vague! So indistinct! Within it exists shape。
So indistinct! So vague! Within it exists the physical world。
So obscure! So profound! Within it exists essence。
Its essence is exceedingly real?br》 Within it exists the evidence 'for this'。
From ancient times even unto the present day
Its name has not departed。
Thereby inspect the many beginnings。
How do I thereby know the form of the many beginnings?
With this。
22
Crookedness follows perfection。
Bending follows straightness。
Emptiness follows fullness。
Brokenness follows newness。
Lack follows gain。
Excess follows confusion。
Therefore; the sages embrace the One
Becoming examples for the world:
They do not show themselves; and so are radiant。
Do not affirm themselves; and so are made known。
Do not brag about themselves; and so have merit。
Do not throw their weight around; and so are leaders。
Precisely because they do not contend
Is the reason the world cannot contend with them。
That which is said of old:
揟hat which is crooked follows perfection敆
How can it be an empty saying?
Truly perfect and return to it。
23
Sparse speech is by nature。
Therefore; whirling winds do not last the morning。
Sudden rain does not last the day。
Who are they who do this? Heaven and Earth。
Even Heaven and Earth are not able to 'make it' last?br》 And 'what are' people
Compared to 'them'?
Therefore; those who manage affairs with the Tao
Are together with the Tao。
Those who are virtuous are together with Virtue。
Those who err are together with error。
Those who are with the Tao梩he Tao is likewise glad to gain them。
Those who are with Virtue梀irtue is likewise glad to gain them。
Those who are with error?br》 Error梐las!梚s glad to gain them。
Where belief is insufficient
There exists disbelief。
24
Those on tiptoe do not stand。
Those who straddle do not walk。
Those who show themselves do not shine。
Those who affirm themselves are not made known。
Those who brag about themselves are without merit。
Those who throw their weight around are not leaders。
Those who are with the Tao also say:
揝urplus food; useless forms?br》 Nature perhaps detests them。?br》
Therefore; those who have the Tao do not reside 'in such things'。
25
There was a thing disordered but complete
Before Heaven and Earth were born。
Tranquil?empty?alone standing unchanging。
Swirling and not tiring。
It can be considered as being to the world a mother。
I do not know its name。
Forced to verbalize it; I call it 揟ao。?br》 Forced to describe it; I call it 揋reat。?br》
Great; it is said to leave。
Leaving; it is said to be distant。
Distant; it is said to return。
Therefore; the Tao is great。
Heaven is great。
The Earth is great。
Humankind is also great。
In the middle realm; there are four greatnesses
And humankind then dwells in this Completeness:
Humankind is ruled by the Earth
The Earth is ruled by Heaven
Heaven is ruled by the Tao
The Tao is ruled by its own nature。
26
Heaviness acts as the foundation to lightness。
Stillness acts as a sovereign to restlessness。
Therefore; sovereign masters travel all day
And do not depart from 'their' 搇ight?heaviness:
Even though there are luxurious sights; comforts; and places?br》 They rightly rise above 'such things'。
How does the lord of ten thousand chariots endure
And yet consider himself to be unimportant in the world?
Frivolous laws lose 'one抯' foundation。
Rash laws lose 'one抯' sovereignty。
27
Good traveling is without tracks or footpri