04道德经英译本85种-第123章
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Without the blessings of the Tao; heaven itself might be riven。
Without the glue of the Tao the Earth might shake apart。
Without the guiding of the Tao mankind's spirit becomes confused; and disharmonious。
If the blessings of the Tao were withheld the valleys would become parched and barren;
Nature would be reduced to meager remnants and finally disappear;
And the leaders would become corrupt and strive to bring conflict and war to nations。
Therefore; humility is the root and treasure of the great;
And all great things are built on the foundation of the lowly。
It is for this reason that the truly great think of themselves as 'unworthy'; 'abased' and 'low'; for are these not the root of humility?
Count and describe the parts of a chariot; but without being whole what is its use?
Don't glitter like jade; keep your riches in your heart; while retaining an outward appearance as simple and rugged as a common stone。
40
The Tao moves; and returns again。 It functions with a soft gentleness。
Its use is realized through humility and quiet softness。
All of creation is made from tangible being; Tao created all being from nothing。
41
When a deep person hears of the Tao; they study and put it into practice; embodying the practice of Tao in their life。
When a common person hears of the Tao; they half follow it; but half forget it in their daily life。
When a shallow person hears of the Tao; they laugh out loud。 If they did not laugh out loud it would not be the Way。
Thus it is that the wise sages said:
Those understanding the brightness of Tao seem dim;
Those who walk the Way of Tao seem to go backward;
Those walking the direct path of Tao seem to wander long。
This is because the brightest light voluntarily dims itself;
The highest virtue is as deep as a valley;
And the Tao in its straightness seems rough and difficult。
The greatest caution can seem as cowardice;
The most insightful clarity can seem as opacity;
The greatest square can seem to have no apparent corner。
The greatest wisdom seems unsophisticated;
And the greatest form has no shape。
The Tao is great but hidden;
It is known by all; but remains nameless;
Yet it is the Tao alone that gives rise to all; and completes all。
42
The Way creates one;
One gives birth to two;
Two gives rise to three;
And three produce all things。
All things are composed of yin and yang;
The proper blending of these attributes will ensure harmony。
The common man hates to be small; powerless and unworthy;
but this is how the masters describe themselves。
Thus it is that in gaining is oftentimes much lost;
And in the most profound loss can be found the most gain。
What others have taught I teach also; 'a violent man will lead himself to a violent death';
This is the essence and cornerstone of my teachings。
43
The softest things in the world can with quietude; subtly and perfectly penetrate and wear away the hardest material。
Insubstantial; yielding; it enters where there is no place for entry。
From this one can see and value softness; subtlety; and non…action。
Yet few are the ones who can grasp the concept of teaching without words。
Nor are there many in the world who understand the great gains to be had by non…action。
44
Fame or integrity; which do you hold most dear?
Your wealth or your life; to which will you cling?
Gain or loss; which one increases your anxiety?
In fame and wealth and gain can be found the seeds of failure;
And in integrity and life and loss can be found the root of treasures。
Thus it is that a contented person is never ashamed of what they have;
Having self…restraint he can avoid trouble;
In this way he can endure long; and live contentedly。
45
The masters greatest perfection seems imperfect; yet when used it is inexhaustible;
The masters' greatest fullness appears empty; yet it can continue giving without end。
The masters' greatest straightness appears crooked; yet it is upright and righteous。
The masters' greatest skill appears rustic and clumsy; yet it works with unparalleled accuracy。
The masters' greatest eloquence appears as tongue…tied stammering; yet he teaches without words。
The masters' movement conquers cold;
The masters' stillness conquers heat;
The stillness and tranquility of the master conquers the world。
46
When the world is in accord with the Tao horses work and fertilize the fields with their droppings;
When The Way is forgotten; warhorses are bred and feed on the people's autumn harvest in the parks of the suburbs。
There is no worse calamity than desire;
There is no greater misery than knowing no contentment;
There is no greater catastrophe than losing self…control。
Contentment can come from realizing one has enough;
Attaining contentment; one can attain internal peace。
47
One can open oneself to the world without leaving the house;
Without looking out the window one can know the way of Heaven。
The further one goes and the more knowledge one accumulates; the less one knows。
With this way; the master knows and experiences without traveling;
Observes clearly without seeing;
And accomplishes much without doing anything。
48
Common learning consists in adding something new each day;
In pursuit of the Tao; every day something is dropped。
Day after day something else is lost; until one reaches the point where one is able to do much by doing nothing。
Less and less you know and desire; until you reach the state of non…action。
By not striving to control the world; it offers itself to you。
You cannot master the world by trying to enforce change on it。
49
The master has no subjective conceptions;
His heart is open to the people。
He is kind to the kind。
He is also kind to the unkind。
This is the true practice of kindness。
To the honest he is trusting;
To the dishonest he is also trusting;
This is the true practice of trust。
The sage appears hesitant; and lives in harmonious peace in the world;
He considers his own mind as well as that of the people。
The people look to him lending their eyes and ears; and he treats them all as his children。
50
Being born; we come into life; one day we must enter into death。
Out of ten people; three celebrate and are filled with life;
Three hasten their demise through excess;
And three pass through life without realizing it;
Why is this? They try too hard to protect and preserve this life; thereby they never learn to live。
But it is said that one in ten knows how to preserve his life by emptying himself to the world and the Way。
Such a one can go into the wilds unmolested by wild beasts;
the tigers claws and rhinoceros horns will find no place to catch him。
And he may enter battle unarmored; sharp points will find no place to pierce him。
Why is this? Because there is no place for death in him。
51
The Tao is the mother of all beings;
The virtue of Tao nurtures them in nature;
The material world gives them form;
Environment and circumstance complete their abilities。
Therefore all things honor the Way; and venerate virtue。
This honoring of the Tao; and the veneration of virtue are not commanded;
They occur spontaneously and for this reason the Way continues to create beings while virtue continues to nurture and develop them。
The Tao gives birth to all; yet it lays no claim of ownership;
It nourishes all; but it does not control;
This is the mystic virtue。
52
In the beginning was the Tao; this beginning can be considered as the mother of all。
Knowing the mother; one can come to know the children。
Knowing the children; but returning to the mother; this will keep your spirit alive through death and decay。
Keep your mouth shut; close the doors of desire; and you will live