memoirs of general william t. sherman-2-第122章
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ies of Congress and of the several departments； to books of every nature and kind； and the museums of natural history are rapidly approaching a standard of comparison with the best of the world。 Yet it is the usual and proper center of political intrigue； from which the army especially should keep aloof； because the army must be true and faithful to the powers that be； and not be subjected to a temptation to favor one or other of the great parties into which our people have divided； and will continue to divide； it may be； with advantage to the whole。
It would be a labor of love for me； in this connection； to pay a tribute of respect； by name； to the many able and most patriotic officers with whom I was so long associated as the commanding generals of military divisions and departments； as well as staff…officers； but I must forego the temptation； because of the magnitude of the subject； certain that each and all of them will find biographers better posted and more capable than myself； and I would also like to make recognition of the hundreds of acts of most graceful hospitality on the part of the officers and families at our remote military posts in the days； of the 〃adobe；〃 the 〃jacal；〃 and 〃dug…out；〃 when a board floor and a shingle roof were luxuries expected by none except the commanding officer。 I can see； in memory； a beautiful young city…bred lady； who had married a poor second…lieutenant； and followed him to his post on the plains； whose quarters were in a 〃dug…out〃 ten feet by about fifteen； seven feet high； with a dirt roof； four feet of the walls were the natural earth； the other three of sod； with holes for windows and corn…sacks for curtains。 This little lady had her Saratoga trunk； which was the chief article of furniture； yet； by means of a rug on the ground…floor； a few candle…boxes covered with red cotton calico for seats； a table improvised out of a barrel…head； and a fireplace and chimney excavated in the back wall or bank； she had transformed her 〃hole in the ground〃 into a most attractive home for her young warrior husband； and she entertained me with a supper consisting of the best of coffee； fried ham； cakes； and jellies from the commissary； which made on my mind an impression more lasting than have any one of the hundreds of magnificent banquets I have since attended in the palaces and mansions of our own and foreign lands。
Still more would I like to go over again the many magnificent trips made across the interior plains； mountains； and deserts before the days of the completed Pacific Railroad； with regular 〃Doughertys〃 drawn by four smart mules； one soldier with carbine or loaded musket in hand seated alongside the driver； two in the back seat with loaded rifles swung in the loops made for them； the lightest kind of baggage； and generally a bag of oats to supplement the grass； and to attach the mules to their camp。 With an outfit of two； three； or four of such； I have made journeys of as much as eighteen hundred miles in a single season； usually from post to post； averaging in distance about two hundred miles a week； with as much regularity as is done today by the steam…car its five hundred miles a day； but those days are gone； and； though I recognize the great national advantages of the more rapid locomotion； I cannot help occasionally regretting the change。 One instance in 1866 rises in my memory； which I must record： Returning eastward from Fort Garland； we ascended the Rocky Mountains to the Sangre…de… Cristo Pass。 The road descending the mountain was very rough and sidling。 I got out with my rifle； and walked ahead about four miles； where I awaited my 〃Dougherty。〃 After an hour or so I saw； coming down the road； a wagon； and did not recognize it as my own till quite near。 It had been upset； the top all mashed in； and no means at hand for repairs。 I consequently turned aside from the main road to a camp of cavalry near the Spanish Peaks； where we were most hospitably received by Major A and his accomplished wife。 They occupied a large hospital…tent； which about a dozen beautiful greyhounds were free to enter at will。 The ambulance was repaired； and the next morning we renewed our journey； escorted by the major and his wife on their fine saddle…horses。
They accompanied us about ten miles of the way； and； though age has since begun to tell on them； I shall ever remember them in their pride and strength as they galloped alongside our wagons down the long slopes of the Spanish Peaks in a driving snow…storm。
And yet again would it be a pleasant task to recall the many banquets and feasts of the various associations of officers and soldiers； who had fought the good battles of the civil war； in which I shared as a guest or host； when we could indulge in a reasonable amount of glorification at deeds done and recorded； with wit； humor； and song； these when memory was fresh； and when the old soldiers were made welcome to the best of cheer and applause in every city and town of the land。 But no！ I must hurry to my conclusion； for this journey has already been sufficiently prolonged。
I had always intended to divide time with my natural successor； General P。 H。 Sheridan； and early； notified him that I should about the year 1884 retire from the command of the army； leaving him about an equal period of time for the highest office in the army。 It so happened that Congress had meantime by successive 〃enactments 〃cut down the army to twenty…five thousand men； the usual strength of a corps d'armee； the legitimate command of a lieutenant…general。 Up to 1882 officers not disabled by wounds or sickness could only avail themselves of the privileges of retirement on application； after thirty years of service； at sixty…two years of age； but on the 30th of June； 1882； a bill was passed which； by operation of the law itself； compulsorily retired all army officers； regardless of rank； at the age of sixty…four years。 At the time this law was debated in Congress； I was consulted by Senators and others in the most friendly manner； representing that； if I wanted it； an exception could justly and easily be made in favor of the general and lieutenant…general； whose commissions expired with their lives； but I invariably replied that I did not ask or expect an exception in my case； because no one could know or realize when his own mental and physical powers began to decline。 I remembered well the experience of Gil Blas with the Bishop of Granada； and favored the passage of the law fixing a positive period for retirement； to obviate in the future special cases of injustice such as I had seen in the recent past。 The law was passed； and every officer then knew the very day on which he must retire； and could make his preparations accordingly。 In my own case the law was liberal in the extreme； being 〃without reduction in his current pay and allowances。〃
I would be sixty…four years old on the 8th of February； 1884； a date inconvenient to move； and not suited to other incidents； so I resolved to retire on the 1st day of November； 1883； to resume my former home at St。 Louis； and give my successor ample time to meet the incoming Congress； But； preliminary thereto； I concluded to make one more tour of the continent； going out to the Pacific by the Northern route； and returning by that of the thirty…fifth parallel。 This we accomplished； beginning at Buffalo； June 21st； and ending at St。 Louis； Missouri； September 30； 1883； a full and most excellent account of which can be found in Colonel Tidball's 〃Diary；〃 which forms part of the report of the General of the Army for the year 1883。
Before retiring also； as was my duty； I desired that my aides… de…camp who had been so faithful and true to me should not suffer by my act。 All were to retain the rank of colonels of cavalry till the last day； February 8； 1884； but meantime each secured places； as follows：
Colonel O。 M。 Poe was lieutenant…colonel of the Engineer Corps United States Army； and was by his own choice assigned to Detroit in charge of the engineering works on the Upper Lakes； which duty was most congenial to him。
Colonel J。 C。 Tidball was assigned to command the Artillery School at Fort Monroe； by virtue of his commission as lieutenant…colonel； Third
