03-reading-第3章

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low…lived　and　illiterate；　and　in　this　respect　I　confess　I　do　not

make　any　very　broad　distinction　between　the　illiterateness　of　my

townsman　who　cannot　read　at　all　and　the　illiterateness　of　him　who

has　learned　to　read　only　what　is　for　children　and　feeble　intellects。

We　should　be　as　good　as　the　worthies　of　antiquity；　but　partly　by

first　knowing　how　good　they　were。　　We　are　a　race　of　tit…men；　and

soar　but　little　higher　in　our　intellectual　flights　than　the　columns

of　the　daily　paper。

　　　　It　is　not　all　books　that　are　as　dull　as　their　readers。　　There

are　probably　words　addressed　to　our　condition　exactly；　which；　if　we

could　really　hear　and　understand；　would　be　more　salutary　than　the

morning　or　the　spring　to　our　lives；　and　possibly　put　a　new　aspect　on

the　face　of　things　for　us。　　How　many　a　man　has　dated　a　new　era　in

his　life　from　the　reading　of　a　book！　　The　book　exists　for　us；

perchance；　which　will　explain　our　miracles　and　reveal　new　ones。　　The

at　present　unutterable　things　we　may　find　somewhere　uttered。　　These

same　questions　that　disturb　and　puzzle　and　confound　us　have　in　their

turn　occurred　to　all　the　wise　men；　not　one　has　been　omitted；　and

each　has　answered　them；　according　to　his　ability；　by　his　words　and

his　life。　　Moreover；　with　wisdom　we　shall　learn　liberality。　　The

solitary　hired　man　on　a　farm　in　the　outskirts　of　Concord；　who　has

had　his　second　birth　and　peculiar　religious　experience；　and　is

driven　as　he　believes　into　the　silent　gravity　and　exclusiveness　by

his　faith；　may　think　it　is　not　true；　but　Zoroaster；　thousands　of

years　ago；　travelled　the　same　road　and　had　the　same　experience；　but

he；　being　wise；　knew　it　to　be　universal；　and　treated　his　neighbors

accordingly；　and　is　even　said　to　have　invented　and　established

worship　among　men。　　Let　him　humbly　commune　with　Zoroaster　then；　and

through　the　liberalizing　influence　of　all　the　worthies；　with　Jesus

Christ　himself；　and　let　〃our　church〃　go　by　the　board。

　　　　We　boast　that　we　belong　to　the　Nineteenth　Century　and　are　making

the　most　rapid　strides　of　any　nation。　　But　consider　how　little　this

village　does　for　its　own　culture。　　I　do　not　wish　to　flatter　my

townsmen；　nor　to　be　flattered　by　them；　for　that　will　not　advance

either　of　us。　　We　need　to　be　provoked　　goaded　like　oxen；　as　we

are；　into　a　trot。　　We　have　a　comparatively　decent　system　of　common

schools；　schools　for　infants　only；　but　excepting　the　half…starved

Lyceum　in　the　winter；　and　latterly　the　puny　beginning　of　a　library

suggested　by　the　State；　no　school　for　ourselves。　　We　spend　more　on

almost　any　article　of　bodily　aliment　or　ailment　than　on　our　mental

aliment。　　It　is　time　that　we　had　uncommon　schools；　that　we　did　not

leave　off　our　education　when　we　begin　to　be　men　and　women。　　It　is

time　that　villages　were　universities；　and　their　elder　inhabitants

the　fellows　of　universities；　with　leisure　　if　they　are；　indeed；　so

well　off　　to　pursue　liberal　studies　the　rest　of　their　lives。

Shall　the　world　be　confined　to　one　Paris　or　one　Oxford　forever？

Cannot　students　be　boarded　here　and　get　a　liberal　education　under

the　skies　of　Concord？　　Can　we　not　hire　some　Abelard　to　lecture　to

us？　　Alas！　what　with　foddering　the　cattle　and　tending　the　store；　we

are　kept　from　school　too　long；　and　our　education　is　sadly　neglected。

In　this　country；　the　village　should　in　some　respects　take　the　place

of　the　nobleman　of　Europe。　　It　should　be　the　patron　of　the　fine

arts。　　It　is　rich　enough。　　It　wants　only　the　magnanimity　and

refinement。　　It　can　spend　money　enough　on　such　things　as　farmers　and

traders　value；　but　it　is　thought　Utopian　to　propose　spending　money

for　things　which　more　intelligent　men　know　to　be　of　far　more　worth。

This　town　has　spent　seventeen　thousand　dollars　on　a　town…house；

thank　fortune　or　politics；　but　probably　it　will　not　spend　so　much　on

living　wit；　the　true　meat　to　put　into　that　shell；　in　a　hundred

years。　　The　one　hundred　and　twenty…five　dollars　annually　subscribed

for　a　Lyceum　in　the　winter　is　better　spent　than　any　other　equal　sum

raised　in　the　town。　　If　we　live　in　the　Nineteenth　Century；　why

should　we　not　enjoy　the　advantages　which　the　Nineteenth　Century

offers？　　Why　should　our　life　be　in　any　respect　provincial？　　If　we

will　read　newspapers；　why　not　skip　the　gossip　of　Boston　and　take　the

best　newspaper　in　the　world　at　once？　　not　be　sucking　the　pap　of

〃neutral　family〃　papers；　or　browsing　〃Olive　Branches〃　here　in　New

England。　　Let　the　reports　of　all　the　learned　societies　come　to　us；

and　we　will　see　if　they　know　anything。　　Why　should　we　leave　it　to

Harper　&　Brothers　and　Redding　&　Co。　to　select　our　reading？　　As　the

nobleman　of　cultivated　taste　surrounds　himself　with　whatever

conduces　to　his　culture　　genius　　learning　　wit　　books　

paintings　　statuary　　music　　philosophical　instruments；　and　the

like；　so　let　the　village　do　　not　stop　short　at　a　pedagogue；　a

parson；　a　sexton；　a　parish　library；　and　three　selectmen；　because　our

Pilgrim　forefathers　got　through　a　cold　winter　once　on　a　bleak　rock

with　these。　　To　act　collectively　is　according　to　the　spirit　of　our

institutions；　and　I　am　confident　that；　as　our　circumstances　are　more

flourishing；　our　means　are　greater　than　the　nobleman's。　　New　England

can　hire　all　the　wise　men　in　the　world　to　come　and　teach　her；　and

board　them　round　the　while；　and　not　be　provincial　at　all。　　That　is

the　uncommon　school　we　want。　　Instead　of　noblemen；　let　us　have　noble

villages　of　men。　　If　it　is　necessary；　omit　one　bridge　over　the

river；　go　round　a　little　there；　and　throw　one　arch　at　least　over　the

darker　gulf　of　ignorance　which　surrounds　us。