edingburgh picturesque notes-第2章
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Arthur's Seat look down upon these imitations with a
becoming dignity; as the works of Nature may look down
the monuments of Art。 But Nature is a more
indiscriminate patroness than we imagine; and in no way
frightened of a strong effect。 The birds roost as
willingly among the Corinthian capitals as in the
crannies of the crag; the same atmosphere and daylight
clothe the eternal rock and yesterday's imitation
portico; and as the soft northern sunshine throws out
everything into a glorified distinctness … or easterly
mists; coming up with the blue evening; fuse all these
incongruous features into one; and the lamps begin to
glitter along the street; and faint lights to burn in the
high windows across the valley … the feeling grows upon
you that this also is a piece of nature in the most
intimate sense; that this profusion of eccentricities;
this dream in masonry and living rock; is not a drop…
scene in a theatre; but a city in the world of every…day
reality; connected by railway and telegraph…wire with all
the capitals of Europe; and inhabited by citizens of the
familiar type; who keep ledgers; and attend church; and
have sold their immortal portion to a daily paper。 By
all the canons of romance; the place demands to be half
deserted and leaning towards decay; birds we might admit
in profusion; the play of the sun and winds; and a few
gipsies encamped in the chief thoroughfare; but these
citizens with their cabs and tramways; their trains and
posters; are altogether out of key。 Chartered tourists;
they make free with historic localities; and rear their
young among the most picturesque sites with a grand human
indifference。 To see them thronging by; in their neat
clothes and conscious moral rectitude; and with a little
air of possession that verges on the absurd; is not the
least striking feature of the place。 *
* These sentences have; I hear; given offence in my
native town; and a proportionable pleasure to our rivals
of Glasgow。 I confess the news caused me both pain and
merriment。 May I remark; as a balm for wounded fellow…
townsmen; that there is nothing deadly in my accusations?
Small blame to them if they keep ledgers: 'tis an
excellent business habit。 Churchgoing is not; that ever
I heard; a subject of reproach; decency of linen is a
mark of prosperous affairs; and conscious moral rectitude
one of the tokens of good living。 It is not their fault
it the city calls for something more specious by way of
inhabitants。 A man in a frock…coat looks out of place
upon an Alp or Pyramid; although he has the virtues of a
Peabody and the talents of a Bentham。 And let them
console themselves … they do as well as anybody else; the
population of (let us say) Chicago would cut quite as
rueful a figure on the same romantic stage。 To the
Glasgow people I would say only one word; but that is of
gold; I HAVE NOT YET WRITTEN A BOOK ABOUT GLASGOW。
And the story of the town is as eccentric as its
appearance。 For centuries it was a capital thatched with
heather; and more than once; in the evil days of English
invasion; it has gone up in flame to heaven; a beacon to
ships at sea。 It was the jousting…ground of jealous
nobles; not only on Greenside; or by the King's Stables;
where set tournaments were fought to the sound of
trumpets and under the authority of the royal presence;
but in every alley where there was room to cross swords;
and in the main street; where popular tumult under the
Blue Blanket alternated with the brawls of outlandish
clansmen and retainers。 Down in the palace John Knox
reproved his queen in the accents of modern democracy。
In the town; in one of those little shops plastered like
so many swallows' nests among the buttresses of the old
Cathedral; that familiar autocrat; James VI。; would
gladly share a bottle of wine with George Heriot the
goldsmith。 Up on the Pentland Hills; that so quietly
look down on the Castle with the city lying in waves
around it; those mad and dismal fanatics; the Sweet
Singers; haggard from long exposure on the moors; sat day
and night with 'tearful psalmns' to see Edinburgh
consumed with fire from heaven; like another Sodom or
Gomorrah。 There; in the Grass…market; stiff…necked;
covenanting heroes; offered up the often unnecessary; but
not less honourable; sacrifice of their lives; and bade
eloquent farewell to sun; moon; and stars; and earthly
friendships; or died silent to the roll of drums。 Down
by yon outlet rode Grahame of Claverhouse and his thirty
dragoons; with the town beating to arms behind their
horses' tails … a sorry handful thus riding for their
lives; but with a man at the head who was to return in a
different temper; make a dash that staggered Scotland to
the heart; and die happily in the thick of fight。 There
Aikenhead was hanged for a piece of boyish incredulity;
there; a few years afterwards; David Hume ruined
Philosophy and Faith; an undisturbed and well…reputed
citizen; and thither; in yet a few years more; Burns came
from the plough…tail; as to an academy of gilt unbelief
and artificial letters。 There; when the great exodus was
made across the valley; and the New Town began to spread
abroad its draughty parallelograms; and rear its long
frontage on the opposing hill; there was such a flitting;
such a change of domicile and dweller; as was never
excelled in the history of cities: the cobbler succeeded
the earl; the beggar ensconced himself by the judge's
chimney; what had been a palace was used as a pauper
refuge; and great mansions were so parcelled out among
the least and lowest in society; that the hearthstone of
the old proprietor was thought large enough to be
partitioned off into a bedroom by the new。
CHAPTER II。
OLD TOWN … THE LANDS。
THE Old Town; it is pretended; is the chief
characteristic; and; from a picturesque point of view;
the liver…wing of Edinburgh。 It is one of the most
common forms of depreciation to throw cold water on the
whole by adroit over…commendation of a part; since
everything worth judging; whether it be a man; a work of
art; or only a fine city; must be judged upon its merits
as a whole。 The Old Town depends for much of its effect
on the new quarters that lie around it; on the
sufficiency of its situation; and on the hills that back
it up。 If you were to set it somewhere else by itself;
it would look remarkably like Stirling in a bolder and
loftier edition。 The point is to see this embellished
Stirling planted in the midst of a large; active; and
fantastic modern city; for there the two re…act in a
picturesque sense; and the one is the making of the
other。
The Old Town occupies a sloping ridge or tail of
diluvial matter; protected; in some subsidence of the
waters; by the Castle cliffs which fortify it to the
west。 On the one side of it and the other the new towns
of the south and of the north occupy their lower;
broader; and more gentle hill…tops。 Thus; the quarter of
the Castle over…tops the whole city and keeps an open
view to sea and land。 It dominates for miles on every
side; and people on the decks of ships; or ploughing in
quiet country places over in Fife; can see the banner on
the Castle battlements; and the smoke of the Old Town
blowing abroad over the subjacent country。 A city that
is set upon a hill。 It was; I suppose; from this distant
aspect that she got her nickname of AULD REEKIE。 Perhaps
it was given her by people who had never crossed her
doors: day after day; from their various rustic Pisgahs;
they had seen the pile of building on the hill…top; and
the long plume of smoke over the plain; so it appeared to
them; so it had appeared to their fathers tilling the
same field; and as that was all they knew of the place;
it could be all