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windward at the far end of Musselburgh Bay; and over the 

Links of Aberlady and Berwick Law and the hump of the 

Bass Rock it assumes the aspect of a bank of thin sea 

fog。



Immediately underneath upon the south; you command 

the yards of the High School; and the towers and courts 

of the new Jail … a large place; castellated to the 

extent of folly; standing by itself on the edge of a 

steep cliff; and often joyfully hailed by tourists as the 

Castle。  In the one; you may perhaps see female prisoners 

taking exercise like a string of nuns; in the other; 

schoolboys running at play and their shadows keeping step 

with them。  From the bottom of the valley; a gigantic 

chimney rises almost to the level of the eye; a taller 

and a shapelier edifice than Nelson's Monument。  Look a 

little farther; and there is Holyrood Palace; with its 

Gothic frontal and ruined abbey; and the red sentry 

pacing smartly too and fro before the door like a 

mechanical figure in a panorama。  By way of an outpost; 

you can single out the little peak…roofed lodge; over 

which Rizzio's murderers made their escape and where 

Queen Mary herself; according to gossip; bathed in white 

wine to entertain her loveliness。  Behind and overhead; 

lie the Queen's Park; from Muschat's Cairn to 

Dumbiedykes; St。 Margaret's Loch; and the long wall of 

Salisbury Crags: and thence; by knoll and rocky bulwark 

and precipitous slope; the eye rises to the top of 

Arthur's Seat; a hill for magnitude; a mountain in virtue 

of its bold design。  This upon your left。  Upon the 

right; the roofs and spires of the Old Town climb one 

above another to where the citadel prints its broad bulk 

and jagged crown of bastions on the western sky。 … 

Perhaps it is now one in the afternoon; and at the same 

instant of time; a ball rises to the summit of Nelson's 

flagstaff close at hand; and; far away; a puff of smoke 

followed by a report bursts from the half…moon battery at 

the Castle。  This is the time…gun by which people set 

their watches; as far as the sea coast or in hill farms 

upon the Pentlands。 … To complete the view; the eye 

enfilades Princes Street; black with traffic; and has a 

broad look over the valley between the Old Town and the 

New: here; full of railway trains and stepped over by the 

high North Bridge upon its many columns; and there; green 

with trees and gardens。



On the north; the Calton Hill is neither so abrupt 

in itself nor has it so exceptional an outlook; and yet 

even here it commands a striking prospect。  A gully 

separates it from the New Town。  This is Greenside; where 

witches were burned and tournaments held in former days。  

Down that almost precipitous bank; Bothwell launched his 

horse; and so first; as they say; attracted the bright 

eyes of Mary。  It is now tesselated with sheets and 

blankets out to dry; and the sound of people beating 

carpets is rarely absent。  Beyond all this; the suburbs 

run out to Leith; Leith camps on the seaside with her 

forest of masts; Leith roads are full of ships at anchor; 

the sun picks out the white pharos upon Inchkeith Island; 

the Firth extends on either hand from the Ferry to the 

May; the towns of Fifeshire sit; each in its bank of 

blowing smoke; along the opposite coast; and the hills 

enclose the view; except to the farthest east; where the 

haze of the horizon rests upon the open sea。  There lies 

the road to Norway: a dear road for Sir Patrick Spens and 

his Scots Lords; and yonder smoke on the hither side of 

Largo Law is Aberdour; from whence they sailed to seek a 

queen for Scotland。





'O lang; lang; may the ladies sit;

Wi' their fans into their hand;

Or ere they see Sir Patrick Spens

Come sailing to the land!'





The sight of the sea; even from a city; will bring 

thoughts of storm and sea disaster。  The sailors' wives 

of Leith and the fisherwomen of Cockenzie; not sitting 

languorously with fans; but crowding to the tail of the 

harbour with a shawl about their ears; may still look 

vainly for brave Scotsmen who will return no more; or 

boats that have gone on their last fishing。  Since Sir 

Patrick sailed from Aberdour; what a multitude have gone 

down in the North Sea!  Yonder is Auldhame; where the 

London smack went ashore and wreckers cut the rings from 

ladies' fingers; and a few miles round Fife Ness is the 

fatal Inchcape; now a star of guidance; and the lee shore 

to the east of the Inchcape; is that Forfarshire coast 

where Mucklebackit sorrowed for his son。



These are the main features of the scene roughly 

sketched。  How they are all tilted by the inclination of 

the ground; how each stands out in delicate relief 

against the rest; what manifold detail; and play of sun 

and shadow; animate and accentuate the picture; is a 

matter for a person on the spot; and turning swiftly on 

his heels; to grasp and bind together in one 

comprehensive look。  It is the character of such a 

prospect; to be full of change and of things moving。  The 

multiplicity embarrasses the eye; and the mind; among so 

much; suffers itself to grow absorbed with single points。  

You remark a tree in a hedgerow; or follow a cart along a 

country road。  You turn to the city; and see children; 

dwarfed by distance into pigmies; at play about suburban 

doorsteps; you have a glimpse upon a thoroughfare where 

people are densely moving; you note ridge after ridge of 

chimney…stacks running downhill one behind another; and 

church spires rising bravely from the sea of roofs。  At 

one of the innumerable windows; you watch a figure 

moving; on one of the multitude of roofs; you watch 

clambering chimney…sweeps。  The wind takes a run and 

scatters the smoke; bells are heard; far and near; faint 

and loud; to tell the hour; or perhaps a bird goes 

dipping evenly over the housetops; like a gull across the 

waves。  And here you are in the meantime; on this 

pastoral hillside; among nibbling sheep and looked upon 

by monumental buildings。



Return thither on some clear; dark; moonless night; 

with a ring of frost in the air; and only a star or two 

set sparsedly in the vault of heaven; and you will find a 

sight as stimulating as the hoariest summit of the Alps。  

The solitude seems perfect; the patient astronomer; flat 

on his back under the Observatory dome and spying 

heaven's secrets; is your only neighbour; and yet from 

all round you there come up the dull hum of the city; the 

tramp of countless people marching out of time; the 

rattle of carriages and the continuous keen jingle of the 

tramway bells。  An hour or so before; the gas was turned 

on; lamplighters scoured the city; in every house; from 

kitchen to attic; the windows kindled and gleamed forth 

into the dusk。  And so now; although the town lies blue 

and darkling on her hills; innumerable spots of the 

bright element shine far and near along the pavements and 

upon the high facades。  Moving lights of the railway pass 

and repass below the stationary lights upon the bridge。  

Lights burn in the jail。  Lights burn high up in the tall 

LANDS and on the Castle turrets; they burn low down in 

Greenside or along the Park。  They run out one beyond the 

other into the dark country。  They walk in a procession 

down to Leith; and shine singly far along Leith Pier。  

Thus; the plan of the city and her suburbs is mapped out 

upon the ground of blackness; as when a child pricks a 

drawing full of pinholes and exposes it before a candle; 

not the darkest night of winter can conceal her high 

station and fanciful design; every evening in the year 

she proceeds to illuminate herself in honour of her own 

beauty; and as if to complete the scheme … or rather as 

if some prodigal Pharaoh were beginning to extend to the 

adjacent sea and country … half…way over to Fife; there 

is an outpost of light upon Inchkeith; and far to 

seaward; yet 

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