history of friedrich ii of prussia v 17-第24章
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poor devils and their 354 bastards！ ＇M。（agister） Wilhelm Lebrecht Gotzinger； Schandau und seine Umgebungen； oder Beschreibung der Sachsischen Schweitz （Dresden； 1812）； pp。 145…148。 Gotzinger； who designates himself as 〃Pastor at Neustadt near Stolpen〃 （northwest border of the Pirna Country）； has made of this （which would now be called a TOURIST'S GUIDE； and has something geological in it） a modest； good little Book； put together with industry； clearness； brevity。 Gives interesting Narrative of our present Business too； as gathered from his 〃Father〃 and other good sources and testimonies。＇
Bruhl and the Polish Majesty； safe enough they； and snug in the Konigstein； are clear for advancing： 〃Die like soldiers； for your King and Country！〃 writes Polish Majesty； 〃Thursday； two in the morning：〃 that also Rutowski reads； and I think still other Royal Autographs； sent as Postscripts to that。 From the Konigstein they duly fire off the two Cannon…shot； as signal that we are coming； signal which Browne； just in the act of departing； never heard； owing to the piping of the winds and rattling of the rain。 〃Advance； my heroes！〃 counsel they： 〃You cannot drag your ammunitions； say you； your poor couple of big guns？ Here are his Majesty's own royal horses for that service！〃and； in effect； the royal stud is heroically flung open in this pressure； and a splashing column of sleek quadrupeds； 〃150 royal draught…horses； early in the forenoon；〃 ＇Gotzinger； p。 156。＇ swim across to Ebenheit accordingly； if that could encourage。 And； 〃about noon； there is strong cannonading from the Konigstein； as signal to Browne；〃 who is off。 Polish Majesty looking with his spy…glass in an astonished manner。 In Vain！ Rutowski and his Council of War sitting wet in a hut of Ebenheit； with 14；000 starved men outside； who have stood seventy…two hours of rain； for one itemsee nothing for it but 〃surrender on such terms as we can get。〃
〃In fact；〃 independently of weather and circumstances； 〃the Enterprise；〃 says Friedrich； 〃was radically impossible； nobody that had known the ground could have judged it other。〃 Rutowski had not known it； then？ Browne never pretended to know it。 Rutowski was not candid with the conditions； the conditions never known nor candidly looked at； and THEY are now replying to him with candor enough。 From the first his Enterprise was a final flicker of false hope； going out； as here； by spasm； in the rigors of impossibility and flat despair。
That column of royal horses sent splashing across the River；that was the utmost of self…sacrifice which I find recorded of his Polish Majesty in this matter。 He was very obstinate； his Bruhl and he were。 But his conduct was not very heroic。 That royal Autograph； 〃General Rutowski； and ye true Saxons； attack these Prussian lines； then； sell your lives like men〃 （not like Bruhl and me）； must have fallen cold on the heart； after seventy…two hours of rain！ Rutowski's wet Council of War； in the hut at Ebenheit； rain still pouring； answers unanimously； 〃That it were a leading of men to the butchery；〃 that there is nothing for it but surrender。 Bruhl and Majesty can only answer： 〃Well…a…day； it must be so； then！〃 Winterfeld； Prussian Commander hereabouts； grants Armistice； grants liberal 〃wagon…loads of bread〃 first of all； terms of Capitulation to be settled at Struppen to…morrow。
FRIDAY； OCTOBER 15th； Rutowski goes across to Struppen； the late Saxon head…quarter； now Friedrich's；Friday gone a fortnight was the day of Lobositz。 Winterfeld and he are the negotiators there； Friedrich ratifying or refusing by marginal remarks。 The terms granted are hard enough： but they must be accepted。 First preliminary of all terms has already been accepted： a gift of bread to these poor Saxons； their haversacks are empty； their cartridge…boxes drowned； it has rained on them three days and nights。 Last upshot of all terms is still well known to everybody： That the 14；000 Saxons are compelled to become Prussian； and 〃forced to volunteer〃！
That had been Friedrich's determination； and reading of his rights in the matter； now that hard had come to hard。 〃You refused all terms； you have resisted to death （or death's…DOOR）； and are now at discretion！〃 Of the question； What is to be done with those Saxons？ Friedricb had thought a great deal； first and last； and had found it very intricate；as readers too will； if they think of it。 〃Prisoners of War；to keep them locked up； with trouble and expense； in that fashion？ They can never be exchanged： Saxony has now nothing to exchange them with； and Austria will not。 Their obstinacy has had costs to me； who of us can count what costs！ In short； they shall volunteer！〃
〃Never did I； for my poor part； authorize such a thing；〃 loudly asseverated Rutowski afterwards。 And indeed the Capitulation is not precise on that interesting point。 A lengthy Document； and not worth the least perusal otherwise； we condense it into three Articles； all grounding on this general Basis； not deniable by Rutowski： 〃The Saxon Army； being at such a pass； ready to die of hunger； if we did NOT lift our finger； has； so to speak； become our property； and we grant it the following terms：〃 〃1。 Kettle…drums； standards and the like insignia and matters of honor；carry these to the Konigstein； with my regretful respects to his Polish Majesty。 Konigstein to be a neutral Fortress during this War。 Polish Majesty at perfect liberty to go to Warsaw ＇as he on the instant now did； and never returned＇。 〃2。 Officers to depart on giving their parole； Not to serve against us during this War ＇Parole given； nothing like too well kept＇。 〃3。 Rest of the Army； with all its equipments； munitions； soul and body （so to speak）； is to surrender utterly； and be ours； as all Saxony shall for the present be。〃 ＇In Helden… Geschichte； iii。 920…928； at full lengthwith Briedrich's MARGINALIA noticeably brief。＇
That is； in sum； the Capitulation of Struppen。 Nothing articulate in it about the one now interesting point；and in regard to that； I can only fancy Rutowski might interject； interrogatively； perhaps at some length： 〃Our soldiers to be Prisoners of War； then？〃 〃Prisoners； yes； clearly；unless they choose to volunteer； and have a better fate！ Prisoners can volunteer。 They are at discretion； they would die； if we did NOT lift our finger！〃 thus I suppose Winterfeld would rejoin； if necessary；and that； in the Winterfeld…Rutowski Conferences； the thing had probably been kept in a kind of CHIAROSCURO by both parties。
Very certain it is； Sunday； 17th October； 1756； Capitulation being signed the night before； Friedrich goes across at Nieder…Raden （where the Pilgrim of the Picturesque now climbs to see the BASTEI； where the Prussians have； by this time； a Bridge thrown together out of those Pontoons）；goes across at Nieder…Raden； up that chasmy Pass； rides to the Heights of Waltersdorf； in the opener country behind； and pauses there； while the captive Saxon Army defiles past him； laying down its arms at his feet。 Unarmed； and now under Prussian word of command； these Ex…Saxon soldiers go on defiling； march through by that Chasm of Nieder…Raden； cross to Ober…Raden； and； in the plainer country thereabouts； arein I know not what length of hours； but in an incredibly short length； so swift is the managementchanged wholly into Prussian soldiers： 〃obliged to volunteer；〃 every one of them！
That is the fact； fact loudly censured； fact surely questionable； to what intrinsic degree I at this moment do not know。 Fact much blamable before the loose public of mankind； upon which I leave men to their verdict。 It is not a fact which invites imitation； as we shall see！ Fact how accomplished； by what methods？ that would be the question with me； but even that is left dark。 〃The horse regiments； three of heavy horse； he broke； and distributed about； a good few in his own Garde…du…Corps。〃 Three other horse regiments were in Poland； the sole Saxon Army now left；of whom； at least of one man among whom； we may happen to hear。 〃Ten foot regiments ＇what was reckoned a fault＇ he left together； in Prussian uniform； with Prussian Officers。 They were scattered up and down； put in garrisons； not easy handling them： they deserted
