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glaucus-第5章

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the Mausenthurm … a lurid Acheron above which seemed to hover ten 

thousand unburied ghosts; and last; but not least; on the lip of 

the vast Mosel…kopf crater … just above the point where the weight 

of the fiery lake has burst the side of the great slag…cup; and 

rushed forth between two cliffs of clink…stone across the downs; in 

a clanging stream of fire; damming up rivulets; and blasting its 

path through forests; far away toward the valley of the Moselle … 

the sight of an object for which was forgotten for the moment that 

battle…field of the Titans at our feet; and the glorious panorama; 

Hundsruck and Taunus; Siebengebirge and Ardennes; and all the 

crater peaks around; and which was … smile not; reader … our first 

yellow foxglove。



But what is even this to the delight of finding a new species? … of 

rescuing (as it seems to you) one more thought of the Divine mind 

from Hela; and the realms of the unknown; unclassified; 

uncomprehended?  As it seems to you:  though in reality it only 

seems so; in a world wherein not a sparrow falls to the ground 

unnoticed by our Father who is in heaven。



The truth is; the pleasure of finding new species is too great; it 

is morally dangerous; for it brings with it the temptation to look 

on the thing found as your own possession; all but your own 

creation; to pride yourself on it; as if God had not known it for 

ages since; even to squabble jealously for the right of having it 

named after you; and of being recorded in the Transactions of I…

know…not…what Society as its first discoverer:… as if all the 

angels in heaven had not been admiring it; long before you were 

born or thought of。



But to be forewarned is to be forearmed; and I seriously counsel 

you to try if you cannot find something new this summer along the 

coast to which you are going。  There is no reason why you should 

not be so successful as a friend of mine who; with a very slight 

smattering of science; and very desultory research; obtained in one 

winter from the Torbay shores three entirely new species; beside 

several rare animals which had escaped all naturalists since the 

lynx…eye of Colonel Montagu discerned them forty years ago。



And do not despise the creatures because they are minute。  No doubt 

we should most of us prefer discovering monstrous apes in the 

tropical forests of Borneo; or stumbling upon herds of gigantic 

Ammon sheep amid the rhododendron thickets of the Himalaya:  but it 

cannot be; and 〃he is a fool;〃 says old Hesiod; 〃who knows not how 

much better half is than the whole。〃  Let us be content with what 

is within our reach。  And doubt not that in these tiny creatures 

are mysteries more than we shall ever fathom。



The zoophytes and microscopic animalcules which people every shore 

and every drop of water; have been now raised to a rank in the 

human mind more important; perhaps; than even those gigantic 

monsters whose models fill the lake at the Crystal Palace。  The 

research which has been bestowed; for the last century; upon these 

once unnoticed atomies has well repaid itself; for from no branch 

of physical science has more been learnt of the SCIENTIA 

SCIENTIARUM; the priceless art of learning; no branch of science 

has more utterly confounded a wisdom of the wise; shattered to 

pieces systems and theories; and the idolatry of arbitrary names; 

and taught man to be silent while his Maker speaks; than this 

apparent pedantry of zoophytology; in which our old distinctions of 

〃animal;〃 〃vegetable;〃 and 〃mineral〃 are trembling in the balance; 

seemingly ready to vanish like their fellows … 〃the four elements〃 

of fire; earth; air; and water。  No branch of science has helped so 

much to sweep away that sensuous idolatry of mere size; which 

tempts man to admire and respect objects in proportion to the 

number of feet or inches which they occupy in space。  No branch of 

science; moreover; has been more humbling to the boasted rapidity 

and omnipotence of the human reason; or has more taught those who 

have eyes to see; and hearts to understand; how weak and wayward; 

staggering and slow; are the steps of our fallen race (rapid and 

triumphant enough in that broad road of theories which leads to 

intellectual destruction) whensoever they tread the narrow path of 

true science; which leads (if I may be allowed to transfer our 

Lord's great parable from moral to intellectual matters) to Life; 

to the living and permanent knowledge of living things and of the 

laws of their existence。  Humbling; truly; to one who looks back to 

the summer of 1754; when good Mr。 Ellis; the wise and benevolent 

West Indian merchant; read before the Royal Society his paper 

proving the animal nature of corals; and followed it up the year 

after by that 〃Essay toward a Natural History of the Corallines; 

and other like Marine Productions of the British Coasts;〃 which 

forms the groundwork of all our knowledge on the subject to this 

day。  The chapter in Dr。 G。 Johnston's 〃British Zoophytes;〃 p。 407; 

or the excellent little RESUME thereof in Dr。 Landsborough's book 

on the same subject; is really a saddening one; as one sees how 

loth were; not merely dreamers like; Marsigli or Bonnet; but sound…

headed men like Pallas and Linne; to give up the old sense…bound 

fancy; that these corals were vegetables; and their polypes some 

sort of living flowers。  Yet; after all; there are excuses for 

them。  Without our improved microscopes; and while the sciences of 

comparative anatomy and chemistry were yet infantile; it was 

difficult to believe what was the truth; and for this simple 

reason:  that; as usual; the truth; when discovered; turned out far 

more startling and prodigious than the dreams which men had hastily 

substituted for it; more strange than Ovid's old story that the 

coral was soft under the sea; and hardened by exposure to air; than 

Marsigli's notion; that the coral…polypes were its flowers; than 

Dr。 Parsons' contemptuous denial; that these complicated forms 

could be 〃the operations of little; poor; helpless; jelly…like 

animals; and not the work of more sure vegetation;〃 than Baker the 

microscopist's detailed theory of their being produced by the 

crystallization of the mineral salts in the sea…water; just as he 

had seen 〃the particles of mercury and copper in aquafortis assume 

tree…like forms; or curious delineations of mosses and minute 

shrubs on slates and stones; owing to the shooting of salts 

intermixed with mineral particles:〃 … one smiles at it now:  yet 

these men were no less sensible than we; and if we know better; it 

is only because other men; and those few and far between; have 

laboured amid disbelief; ridicule; and error; needing again and 

again to retrace their steps; and to unlearn more than they learnt; 

seeming to go backwards when they were really progressing most:  

and now we have entered into their labours; and find them; as I 

have just said; more wondrous than all the poetic dreams of a 

Bonnet or a Darwin。  For who; after all; to take a few broad 

instances (not to enlarge on the great root…wonder of a number of 

distinct individuals connected by a common life; and forming a 

seeming plant invariable in each species); would have dreamed of 

the 〃bizarreries〃 which these very zoophytes present in their 

classification?



You go down to any shore after a gale of wind; and pick up a few 

delicate little sea…ferns。  You have two in your hand; which 

probably look to you; even under a good pocket magnifier; identical 

or nearly so。 (1)  But you are told to your surprise; that however 

like the dead horny polypidoms which you hold may be; the two 

species of animal which have formed them are at least as far apart 

in the scale of creation as a quadruped is from a fish。  You see in 

some Musselburgh dredger's boat the phosphorescent sea…pen (unknown 

in England); a living feather; of the look and cons

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