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弌傍 glaucus 忖方 耽匈4000忖

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flower察and that nothing but the dulness of our own souls prevents 

them from seeing day and night in all things察however small or 

trivial to human eclecticism察the Lord Jesus Christ Himself 

fulfilling His own saying察 My Father worketh hitherto察and I 

work。;



To me it seems to sum up察in a few words察what I have tried to 

say that such development and progress as have as yet been 

actually discovered in nature察bear every trace of having been 

produced by successive acts of thought and will in some personal 

mind察which察however boundlessly rich and powerful察is still the 

Archetype of the human mind察and therefore for to this I confess I 

have been all along tending probably capable察without violence to 

its properties察of becoming察like the human mind察incarnate。



But to descend from these perhaps too daring speculations察there is 

another察and more human察source of interest about the animal who is 

writhing feebly in the glass jar of salt water察for he is one of 

the many curiosities which have been added to our fauna by that 

humble hero Mr。 Charles Peach察the self´taught naturalist察of whom察

as we walk on toward the rocks察something should be said察or rather 

read察for Mr。 Chambers察in an often´quoted passage from his 

Edinburgh Journal察which I must have the pleasure of quoting once 

again察has told the story better than we can tell it此



;But who is that little intelligent´looking man in a faded naval 

uniform察who is so invariably to be seen in a particular central 

seat in this section拭 That察gentle reader察is perhaps one of the 

most interesting men who attend the British Association。  He is 

only a private in the mounted guard preventive service at an 

obscure part of the Cornwall coast察with four shillings a day察and 

a wife and nine children察most of whose education he has himself to 

conduct。  He never tastes the luxuries which are so common in the 

middle ranks of life察and even amongst a large portion of the 

working classes。  He has to mend with his own hands every sort of 

thing that can break or wear in his house。  Yet Mr。 Peach is a 

votary of Natural History察not a student of the science in books察

for he cannot afford books察but an investigator by sea and shore察a 

collector of Zoophytes and Echinodermata ´ strange creatures察many 

of which are as yet hardly known to man。  These he collects察

preserves察and describes察and every year does he come up to the 

British Association with a few novelties of this kind察accompanied 

by illustrative papers and drawings此 thus察under circumstances the 

very opposite of those of such men as Lord Enniskillen察adding察in 

like manner察to the general stock of knowledge。  On the present 

occasion he is unusually elated察for he has made the discovery of a 

Holothuria with twenty tentacula察a species of the Echinodermata 


which Professor Forbes察in his book on Star´Fishes察has said was 

never yet observed in the British seas。  It may be of small moment 

to you察who察mayhap察know nothing of Holothurias此 but it is a 

considerable thing to the Fauna of Britain察and a vast matter to a 

poor private of the Cornwall mounted guard。  And accordingly he 

will go home in a few days察full of the glory of his exhibition察

and strong anew by the kind notice taken of him by the masters of 

the science察to similar inquiries察difficult as it may be to 

prosecute them察under such a complication of duties察professional 

and domestic。  Honest Peach humble as is thy home察and simple thy 

bearing察thou art an honour even to this assemblage of nobles and 

doctors此 nay察more察when we consider everything察thou art an 

honour to human nature itself察for where is the heroism like that 

of virtuous察intelligent察independent poverty拭 And such heroism is 

thine ─  CHAMBERS' EDIN。 JOURN。察Nov。 23察1844。



Mr。 Peach has been since rewarded in part for his long labours in 

the cause of science察by having been removed to a more lucrative 

post on the north coast of Scotland察the earnest察it is to be 

hoped察of still further promotion。



I mentioned just now Synapta察or察as Montagu called it察Chirodota此 

a much better name察and察I think察very uselessly changed察for 

Chirodota expresses the peculiarity of the beast察which consists in 

´ start not察reader ´ twelve hands察like human hands察while Synapta 

expresses merely its power of clinging to the fingers察which it 

possesses in common with many other animals。  It is察at least察a 

beast worth talking about察as for finding one察I fear that we have 

no chance of such good fortune。



Colonel Montagu found them here some forty years ago察and after 

him察Mr。 Alder察in 1845。  I found hundreds of them察but only once察

in 1854 after a heavy south´eastern gale察washed up among the great 

Lutrariae in a cove near Goodrington察but all my dredging outside 

failed to procure a specimen ´ Mr。 Alder察however察and Mr。 Cocks 

who find everything察and will at last certainly catch Midgard察the 

great sea´serpent察as Thor did察by baiting for him with a bull's 

head察have dredged them in great numbers察the former察at Helford 

in Cornwall察the latter on the west coast of Scotland。  It seems察

however察to be a southern monster察probably a remnant察like the 

great cockle察of the Mediterranean fauna察for Mr。 MacAndrew finds 

them plentifully in Vigo Bay察and J。 Mller in the Adriatic察off 

Trieste。



But what is it like拭 Conceive a very fat short earth´worm察not 

ringed察though察like the earth´worm察but smooth and glossy察dappled 

with darker spots察especially on one side察which may be the upper 

one。  Put round its mouth twelve little arms察on each a hand with 

four ragged fingers察and on the back of the hand a stump of a 

thumb察and you have Synapta Digitata Plates IV。 and V。察from my 

drawings of the live animal。  These hands it puts down to its 

mouth察generally in alternate pairs察but how it obtains its food by 

them is yet a mystery察for its intestines are filled察like an 

earth´worm's察with the mud in which it lives察and from which it 

probably extracts as does the earth´worm all organic matters。



You will find it stick to your fingers by the whole skin察causing察

if your hand be delicate察a tingling sensation察and if you examine 

the skin under the microscope察you will find the cause。  The whole 

skin is studded with minute glass anchors察some hanging freely from 

the surface察but most imbedded in the skin。  Each of these anchors 

is jointed at its root into one end of a curious cribriform plate察

´ in plain English察one pierced like a sieve察which lies under the 

skin察and reminds one of the similar plates in the skin of the 

White Cucumaria察which I will show you presently察and both of these 

we must regard as the first rudiments of an Echinoderm's outside 

skeleton察such as in the Sea´urchins covers the whole body of the 

animal。  See on Echinus Millaris察p。 89。 7  Somewhat similar 

anchor´plates察from a Red Sea species察Synapta Vittata察may be seen 

in any collection of microscopic objects。



The animal察when caught察has a strange habit of self´destruction察

contracting its skin at two or three different points察and writhing 

till it snaps itself into ;junks察─as the sailors would say察and 

then dies。  My specimens察on breaking up察threw out from the 

wounded part long ;ovarian filaments; whatsoever those may be察

similar to those thrown out by many of the Sagartian anemones察

especially S。 parasitica。  Beyond this察I can tell you nothing 

about Synapta察and only ask you to consider its hands察as an 

instance of that fantastic play of Nature which repeats察in 

families widely different察organs of similar form察though perhaps 

of by no means similar use察nay察sometimes as in those beautiful 

clear´wing hawk´moths which you察as they hover round the 

rhododendrons察mistake for bumble´bees repeats the outward form of 

a whole animal察for no conceivable reason save h

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