the crisis in russia(¶í¹úΣ»ú)-µÚ30ÕÂ
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
are¡¡ready¡¡to¡¡give¡¡to¡¡any¡¡king¡¡in¡¡Europe¡¡who¡¡fancies¡¡them£»¡¡if¡¡he¡¡can¡¡give¡¡us¡¡
some¡¡less¡¡ornamental¡¡but¡¡more¡¡useful¡¡locomotives¡¡instead¡£¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡asked¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡Kolchak¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡damaged¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡platinum¡¡¡¡¡¡mines¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡replied£»¡¡
¡¨Not¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡£¡¡¡¡On¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡contrary£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡promising¡¡¡¡¡¡platinum¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡everybody¡¡
who¡¡wanted¡¡it£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡set¡¡the¡¡mines¡¡going£»¡¡so¡¡we¡¡arrived¡¡to¡¡find¡¡them¡¡in¡¡
good¡¡condition£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡considerable¡¡yield¡¡of¡¡platinum¡¡ready¡¡for¡¡use¡£¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨I¡¡¡¡¡¡am¡¡¡¡¡¡inclined¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡think¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡spite¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Rykov's¡¡¡¡¡¡rather¡¡¡¡¡¡intransigent¡¡
attitude¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡question£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Russians¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡none¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡less¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡willing¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
export¡¡platinum£»¡¡if¡¡only¡¡on¡¡account¡¡of¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡in¡¡comparison¡¡with¡¡its¡¡great¡¡
value¡¡it¡¡requires¡¡little¡¡transport£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡would¡¡make¡¡possible¡¡for¡¡them¡¡an¡¡
immediate¡¡bargain¡¡with¡¡some¡¡of¡¡the¡¡machinery¡¡they¡¡most¡¡urgently¡¡need¡££©¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Finally¡¡we¡¡talked¡¡of¡¡the¡¡growing¡¡importance¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Council¡¡of¡¡Public¡¡
Economy¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rykov¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡opinion¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡eventually¡¡¡¡¡¡become¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
centre¡¡of¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡State¡¡organism£»¡¡¡¨it¡¡and¡¡Trades¡¡Unions¡¡organizing¡¡the¡¡
actual¡¡producers¡¡in¡¡each¡¡branch¡£¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Then¡¡you¡¡think¡¡that¡¡as¡¡your¡¡further¡¡plans¡¡develop£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡creation¡¡
of¡¡more¡¡and¡¡more¡¡industrial¡¡centres£»¡¡with¡¡special¡¡productive¡¡populations¡¡
concentrated¡¡round¡¡them£»¡¡the¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Councils¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Trades¡¡Unions¡¡will¡¡tend¡¡to¡¡become¡¡identical¡¡with¡¡the¡¡
Soviets¡¡elected¡¡in¡¡the¡¡same¡¡districts¡¡by¡¡the¡¡same¡¡industrial¡¡units£¿¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Precisely£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡Rykov£»¡¡¡¨and¡¡in¡¡that¡¡way¡¡the¡¡Soviets£»¡¡useful¡¡during¡¡
the¡¡period¡¡of¡¡transition¡¡as¡¡an¡¡instrument¡¡of¡¡struggle¡¡and¡¡dictatorship£»¡¡will¡¡
be¡¡merged¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Unions¡£¡¨¡¡£¨One¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡important¡¡¡¡¡¡factor£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡Lenin¡¡¡¡¡¡pointed¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡considering¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡same¡¡
question£»¡¡is¡¡here¡¡left¡¡out¡¡of¡¡count£»¡¡namely¡¡the¡¡political¡¡development¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
enormous¡¡agricultural¡¡as¡¡opposed¡¡to¡¡industrial¡¡population¡££©¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨But¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡merging¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡political¡¡¡¡¡¡Soviets¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡productive¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Unions¡¡
occurs£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡questions¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡concern¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡cease¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡political¡¡
questions£»¡¡but¡¡will¡¡be¡¡purely¡¡questions¡¡of¡¡economics¡£¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Certainly¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡we¡¡shall¡¡see¡¡the¡¡disappearance¡¡of¡¡political¡¡parties¡£¡¡
That¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡process¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡already¡¡¡¡¡¡apparent¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡present¡¡¡¡¡¡huge¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Trade¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Union¡¡
Conference¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡sixty¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mensheviks¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Communists¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡82¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡83¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡CRISIS¡¡IN¡¡RUSSIA¡¡
swallowing¡¡one¡¡party¡¡after¡¡another¡£¡¡Those¡¡who¡¡were¡¡not¡¡drawn¡¡over¡¡to¡¡us¡¡
during¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡period¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡struggle¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡joining¡¡¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡during¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡process¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
construction£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡find¡¡that¡¡our¡¡differences¡¡now¡¡are¡¡not¡¡political¡¡at¡¡all£»¡¡
but¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡concerned¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡practical¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡details¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡construction¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡
illustrated¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡pointing¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡present¡¡¡¡¡¡constitution¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Supreme¡¡
Council¡¡of¡¡Public¡¡Economy¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡are¡¡under¡¡it¡¡fifty¡three¡¡Departments¡¡
or¡¡Centres¡¡£¨Textile£»¡¡Soap£»¡¡Wool£»¡¡Timber£»¡¡Flax£»¡¡etc¡££©£»¡¡each¡¡controlled¡¡by¡¡a¡¡
¡¨College¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡three¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡persons¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡232¡¡¡¡¡¡members¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡
Colleges¡¡or¡¡Boards¡¡in¡¡all£»¡¡and¡¡of¡¡them¡¡83¡¡are¡¡workmen£»¡¡79¡¡are¡¡engineers£»¡¡
1¡¡was¡¡an¡¡ex¡director£»¡¡50¡¡were¡¡from¡¡the¡¡clerical¡¡staff£»¡¡and¡¡19¡¡unclassified¡£¡¡
Politically¡¡115¡¡were¡¡Communists£»¡¡105¡¡were¡¡¡¨non¡party£»¡¨¡¡and¡¡12¡¡were¡¡of¡¡
non¡Communist¡¡parties¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡continued£»¡¡¡¨Further£»¡¡in¡¡swallowing¡¡the¡¡other¡¡
parties£»¡¡the¡¡Communists¡¡themselves¡¡will¡¡cease¡¡to¡¡exist¡¡as¡¡a¡¡political¡¡party¡£¡¡
Think¡¡only¡¡that¡¡youths¡¡coming¡¡to¡¡their¡¡manhood¡¡during¡¡this¡¡year¡¡in¡¡Russia¡¡
and¡¡in¡¡the¡¡future¡¡will¡¡not¡¡be¡¡able¡¡to¡¡confirm¡¡from¡¡their¡¡own¡¡experience¡¡the¡¡
reasoning¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Karl¡¡¡¡¡¡Marx£»¡¡¡¡¡¡because¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡experience¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
capitalist¡¡country¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What¡¡can¡¡they¡¡make¡¡of¡¡the¡¡class¡¡struggle£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡class¡¡
struggle¡¡¡¡¡¡here¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡already¡¡¡¡¡¡over£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡distinctions¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡class¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡already¡¡
gone¡¡¡¡¡¡altogether¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡days£»¡¡¡¡members¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡party¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡
had¡¡¡¡¡¡read£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡tried¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡read£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Marx's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Capital£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡knew¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Communist¡¡
Manifesto¡¨¡¡by¡¡heart£»¡¡and¡¡were¡¡occupied¡¡in¡¡continual¡¡criticism¡¡of¡¡the¡¡basis¡¡
of¡¡capitalist¡¡society¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Look¡¡at¡¡the¡¡new¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡members¡¡of¡¡our¡¡party¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Marx¡¡is¡¡quite¡¡unnecessary¡¡to¡¡them¡£¡¡They¡¡join¡¡
us£»¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡struggle¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡interests¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡oppressed¡¡¡¡¡¡class£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡simply¡¡
because¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡understand¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡aims¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡constructive¡¡¡¡¡¡work¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡
process¡¡continues£»¡¡we¡¡old¡¡social¡¡democrats¡¡shall¡¡disappear£»¡¡and¡¡our¡¡places¡¡
will¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡filled¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡entirely¡¡¡¡¡¡different¡¡¡¡¡¡character¡¡¡¡¡¡grown¡¡¡¡¡¡up¡¡¡¡¡¡under¡¡
entirely¡¡new¡¡conditions¡£¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡NON¡PARTYISM¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rykov's¡¡¡¡¡¡prophecies¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡disappearance¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Political¡¡¡¡¡¡parties¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡
falsified¡¡by¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡development¡¡of¡¡that¡¡very¡¡non¡partyism¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡he¡¡bases¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡83¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡84¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡CRISIS¡¡IN¡¡RUSSIA¡¡
them¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡true¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡parties¡¡¡¡¡¡openly¡¡¡¡¡¡hostile¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Communists¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
Russia¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡practically¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡disappeared¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Many¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mensheviks¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡
joined¡¡the¡¡Communist¡¡Party¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Here¡¡and¡¡there¡¡in¡¡the¡¡country¡¡may¡¡be¡¡found¡¡
a¡¡¡¡¡¡Social¡¡¡¡¡¡Revolutionary¡¡¡¡¡¡stronghold¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Here¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Ukraine¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
Mensheviks¡¡retain¡¡a¡¡footing£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡doubt¡¡whether¡¡either¡¡of¡¡these¡¡parties¡¡has¡¡
in¡¡it¡¡the¡¡vitality¡¡to¡¡make¡¡itself¡¡once¡¡again¡¡a¡¡serious¡¡political¡¡factor¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡
is£»¡¡¡¡¡¡however£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡movement¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡long¡¡¡¡¡¡run£»¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡alter¡¡¡¡¡¡Russia's¡¡
political¡¡complexion¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡More¡¡and¡¡more¡¡delegates¡¡to¡¡Soviets¡¡or¡¡Congresses¡¡
of¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡kinds¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡explicitly¡¡¡¡¡¡described¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Non¡party¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Non¡partyism¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡
perhaps¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡sign¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡revolt¡¡¡¡¡¡against¡¡¡¡¡¡rigid¡¡¡¡¡¡discipline¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡kind¡£¡¡¡¡Now¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
then£»¡¡of¡¡course£»¡¡a¡¡clever¡¡Menshevik¡¡or¡¡Social¡¡Revolutionary£»¡¡by¡¡trimming¡¡
his¡¡sails¡¡carefully¡¡to¡¡the¡¡wind£»¡¡gets¡¡himself¡¡elected¡¡on¡¡a¡¡non¡party¡¡ticket¡£¡¡
'When¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡happens¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡usually¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡hullabaloo¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡soon¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡
declares¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡¡¡section¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡electors¡¡¡¡¡¡agitates¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡recall¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
presently¡¡some¡¡one¡¡else¡¡is¡¡elected¡¡in¡¡his¡¡stead¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡non¡partyism¡¡is¡¡much¡¡
more¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡mere¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡cloak¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡invisibility¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡enemies¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡conditional¡¡
supporters¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Communists¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡know¡¡of¡¡considerable¡¡country¡¡districts¡¡
which£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡face¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡kind¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡agitation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡insist¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡returning¡¡
exclusively¡¡non¡party¡¡delegates¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡local¡¡Soviets¡¡in¡¡these¡¡districts¡¡are¡¡
also¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡non¡party£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡elect¡¡¡¡¡¡usually¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡local¡¡¡¡¡¡Bolshevik¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡some¡¡
responsible¡¡post¡¡to¡¡act¡¡as¡¡it¡¡were¡¡as¡¡a¡¡buffer¡¡between¡¡themselves¡¡and¡¡the¡¡
central¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡authority¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡manage¡¡local¡¡affairs¡¡in¡¡their¡¡own¡¡way£»¡¡and£»¡¡through¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡use¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡tact¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡both¡¡¡¡¡¡sides£»¡¡¡¡¡¡avoid¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡falling¡¡¡¡¡¡foul¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡rigid¡¡
doctrinaires¡¡in¡¡Moscow¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Eager¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡reactionaries¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡outside¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Russia¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡doubt¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡point¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡non¡¡¡
partyism¡¡as¡¡a¡¡symptom¡¡of¡¡friendship¡¡for¡¡themselves¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡nothing¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
sort¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡On¡¡all¡¡questions¡¡of¡¡the¡¡defense¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Republic¡¡the¡¡non¡party¡¡voting¡¡
is¡¡invariably¡¡solid¡¡with¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Communists¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡non¡party¡¡men¡¡do¡¡
not¡¡want¡¡Denikin¡£¡¡They¡¡do¡¡not¡¡want¡¡Baron¡¡Wrangel¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡have¡¡never¡¡
heard¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Professor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Struhve¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡do¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡particularly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
Communists¡£¡¡They¡¡principally¡¡want¡¡to¡¡be¡¡left¡¡alone£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡principally¡¡
fear¡¡any¡¡enforced¡¡continuation¡¡of¡¡war¡¡of¡¡any¡¡kind¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡If£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡course¡¡of¡¡
time£»¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡c