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is under the yoke of a seditious minority。〃 … Ibid; XIV。 851; 853; 865

(session of Dec。 26 and 27)。  Buchez et Roux; XXV。 396 (session of

April 11。)



'23' Louvet; 72



'24' Meillan;  24: 〃We were for some time all armed with sabres;

pistols; and blunderbusses。〃  Moore; II。 235 (October; 1792)。 A

number of deputies already at this date carried sword canes and

pocket…pistols。



'25' Dauban; 〃La Demagogie en 1793;〃 p。101。 Description of the hall by

Prudhomme; with illustrations。 … Ibid。; 199。 Letter of Brissot to his

constituents: 〃The brigands and the bacchantes have found their way

into the new hall。 … According to Prudhomme the galleries hold 1;400

persons in all; and according to Dulaure; 20;000 or 3;000。



'26' Moore; I。44 (Oct。 10); and II。 534。



'27' Moniteur。 XIV。 795。 Speech by Lanjuinais; Dec。 19; 1792。



'28' Buchez et Roux; XX。 5; 396。 Speech by Duperret; session of April

11; 1793。



'29' Dauban; 143。 Letter of Valazé; April 14。  Cf。 Moniteur; XIV。

746; session of Dec。 14。 … Ibid。; 800; session of Dec。 20。 … Ibid。;

853; session of Dec。 26。



'30' Speech by Salles。  Lanjuinais also says: 〃One seems to

deliberate here in a free Convention; but it is only under the dagger

and cannon of the factions。〃 … Moniteur。 XV。 180; session of Jan。 16。

Speech by N; deputy; its delivery insisted on by Charles Vilette。



'31' Meillan; 24。



32 〃Archives Nationales;〃 AF; II。45。 Police reports; May 16; 18; 19。

〃There is fear of a bloody scene the first day。〃  Buchez et Roux;

XXVII。 125。 Report of Gamon inspector of the Convention hall。



'33' Moniteur; XIV。 362 (Nov。 1; 1792)。… Ibid。; 387; session of Nov。

4。 Speech by Royer and Gorsas。…Ibid。; 382。 Letter by Roland; Nov。 5。



'34' Moniteur; XIV。 699。 Letter of Roland; Nov。 28。



'35' Moniteur; XIV。 697; number for Dec。 11。



'36' Moniteur; XV。 180; session of Jan。 16。 Speech by Lehardy; Hugues;

and Thibaut。  Meillan; 14: 〃A line of separation between the two

sides of the Assembly was then traced。 Several deputies which the

faction wished to put out of the way had voted for death (of the

king)。 Almost all of these were down on the list of those in favor of

the appeal to the people; which was the basis preferred。 We were then

known as appellants。〃



'37' Moniteur;  XV。 8。 Speech by Rabaut…Saint…ètienne。  Buchez et

Roux; XXIII 24。 Mortimer…Ternaux; V。 418。 … Moniteur; XV。180; session

of Jan。 16。  Buchez et Roux; XXIV。 292。  Moniteur; XV。 182。 Letter

of the mayor of Paris; Jan。 16。 … Ibid。; 179。 Letter of Roland; Jan。

16。  Buchez et Roux; XXIV。 448。 Report by Santerre。



'38' Buchez et Roux; XXV。 23 to 26。  Mortimer…Ternaux; VI。 184

(Manifesto of the central committee; March 9; 2 o'clock in the

morning)。…Ibid。 193。 Narrative of Fournier at the bar of the

Convention; March 12。  Report of the mayor of Paris; March 10。 

Report of the Minister of Justice; March 13。  Meillan; 24。 

Louvet; 72; 74。



'39' Pétion; 〃Mémoires;〃 106 (Ed。 Dauban): 〃How many times I heard;

'You rascal; we'll have your head!' And I have no doubt that they

often planned my assassination。〃



'40' Taillandier; 〃Documents biographiques;〃 on Daunou (Narrative by

Daunou);p。 38。  Doulcet de Pontécoulant; 〃Mémoires;〃 I。 139: 〃It was

then that the 'Mountain' used all the means of intimidation it knew so

well how to bring into play; filling the galleries with its

satellites; who shouted out to each other the name of each deputy as

he stepped up to the president's table to give his vote; and yelling

savagely at every one who did not vote for immediate and unconditional

death。 … Carnot; 〃Mémoires;〃 I。293。 Carnot voted for the death of the

king; yet afterward he avowed that 〃Louis XVI。 would have been saved;

if the Convention had not held its deliberations under the dagger。〃



'41' Durand…Maillane; 35; 38; 57。



'42' An expression by Dussaulx; in his 〃Fragments pour servir à

l'histoire de la Convention。〃



'43' Madame Roland; 〃Mémoires;〃 ed。 Barrière et Berville; II。 52。 …

(Note by Roland。)



'44' Moniteur; XV; 187。 Cambacérès votes: 〃Louis has incurred the

penalties established in the penal code against conspirators。 。 。 The

execution to be postponed until hostilities cease。 In case of invasion

of the French territory by the enemies of the republic; the decree to

be enforced。〃  On Barrère; see Macaulay's crushing article in

〃Biographical Essays。〃



'45' Sainte…Beuve; 〃Causeries du Lundi;〃 V。 209。 (〃Sièyes;〃 according

to his unpublished manuscripts。)



'46' Madame Roland; II。56。 Note by Roland。



'47' Mortimer…Ternaux; V。 476。



'48' Mortimer…Ternaux;  V。 513。



'49' Comte de Ségur; 〃Mémoires。〃 I。 13。



'50' Harmand de la Meuse (member of the Convention); 〃Anecdotes

relative à la Révolution;〃 83; 85。



'51' Meissner; 148; Voyage à Paris〃 (last months of 1795)。。 Testimony

of the regicide Audrein。



'52' Louvet; 775。



'53' Meillan; 16。



'54' Remark by M。 Guirot (〃Mémoires〃); II。 73。



'55' Moniteur;  XIV。 432; session of Nov。 10; 1792。 Speech by Cambon:

〃That is the reason why I shall always detest the 2nd of September;

for never will I approve of assassinations。〃 In the same speech he

justifies the Girondists against any reproach of federalism。



'56' 〃Le Maréchal Davoust;〃 by Madame de Bocqueville。 Letter of

Davoust; battalion officer; June 2; 1793: 〃We are animated with the

spirit of Lepelletier;  which is all that need be said with respect to

our opinions and what we will do in the coming crisis; in which;

perhaps; a faction will try to plunge us anew into a civil war between

the departments and Paris。 Perfidious eloquence。 。 。 conservative

Tartufes。〃



'57' Moniteur; XIV。 738。 Report by Cambon; Dec。 15。  〃On the way

French generals are to act in countries occupied by the armies of the

republic。〃 This important document is a true manifesto of the

Revolution。  Buchez et Roux; XXVII 140; session of May 20; and XXVI。

177; session of April 27; speech by Cambon: 〃The department of Hérau1t

says to this or that individual: 'You are rich; your opinions cause us

expenditure 。 。 I mean to fix you to the Revolution in spite of

yourself。 You shall lend your fortune to the republic; and when

liberty is established the republic will return your capital to you。 …

〃I should like; then; following the example of the department of

Hérault; that the Convention should organize a civic loan of one

billion; to be supplied by egoists and the indifferent。 … Decree of

May 20; 〃passed almost unanimously。 A forced loan of one billion shall

be made on wealthy citizens。〃



'58' Meillan。 100。



'59' Speech by Ducos; March 20。 〃We must choose between domestic

education and liberty。 So long as the poor and the rich are not

brought close together through a common education; in vain will your

laws proclaim sacred equality! 〃  Rabaut…Saint…étienne: 〃In every

township a national temple will be erected; in which every Sunday its

municipal officers will give moral instruction to the assembled

citizens。 This instruction will be drawn from books approved of by the

legislative body; and followed by hymns also approved of by the

legislative。 A catechism; as simple as it is short; drawn up by the

legislative body; shall be taught and every boy will know it by

heart。〃  On the sentiments of the Girondists in relation to

Christianity; see chapters V。 and XI。 of this volume。  On the means

for equalizing the fortunes; see articles by Rabaut…Saint…étienne

(Buchez et Roux; XXIII。 467)。 … Ibid。; XXIV。 475 (March 7…11) decree

abolishing the testamentary right。  Condorcet; in his 〃Tableau des

progrés de l'Esprit humain;〃 assigns the leveling of conditions as the

purpose of society。  On propaganda abroad; read the report by Cambon

(Dec。 15)。 This report is nearly unanimously accepted; and Buzot

exacerbates it by adding an amendment



'60' Buchez et Roux; XXVII。 287; session of May 28; vote on the


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