±´¿Çµç×ÓÊé > Ó¢ÎÄÔ­Öøµç×ÓÊé > the evolution of modern medicine(ÏÖ´úÒ½Ò©µÄÑݱä) >

µÚ17ÕÂ

the evolution of modern medicine(ÏÖ´úÒ½Ò©µÄÑݱä)-µÚ17ÕÂ

С˵£º the evolution of modern medicine(ÏÖ´úÒ½Ò©µÄÑݱä) ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




the¡¡¡¡¡¡practice¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡divination¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡sleep£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡AEsculapian¡¡¡¡¡¡cult¡¡¡¡¡¡also£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

incubation¡¡sleep¡¡played¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡important¡¡role¡£¡¡That¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡continued¡¡in¡¡later¡¡

times¡¡is¡¡well¡¡indicated¡¡in¡¡the¡¡orations¡¡of¡¡Aristides£»¡¡the¡¡arch¡­neurasthenic¡¡of¡¡

ancient¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡history£»¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡dreamer¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡dreams¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡oracle¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Amphiaraus¡¡in¡¡Attica¡¡sent¡¡dreams¡¡into¡¡the¡¡hearts¡¡of¡¡his¡¡consultants¡£¡¡¡¨The¡¡

priests¡¡take¡¡the¡¡inquirer£»¡¡and¡¡keep¡¡him¡¡fasting¡¡from¡¡food¡¡for¡¡one¡¡day£»¡¡and¡¡

from¡¡wine¡¡for¡¡three¡¡days£»¡¡to¡¡give¡¡him¡¡perfect¡¡spiritual¡¡lucidity¡¡to¡¡absorb¡¡

the¡¡divine¡¡communication¡¨¡¡£¨Phillimore's¡¡¡¨Apollonius¡¡of¡¡Tyana£»¡¨¡¡Bk¡£¡¡II£»¡¡Ch¡£¡¡

XXXVII£©¡£¡¡How¡¡incubation¡¡sleep¡¡was¡¡carried¡¡into¡¡the¡¡Christian¡¡Church£»¡¡its¡¡

association¡¡with¡¡St¡£¡¡Cosmas¡¡and¡¡St¡£¡¡Damian¡¡and¡¡other¡¡saints£»¡¡its¡¡practice¡¡

throughout¡¡the¡¡Middle¡¡Ages£»¡¡and¡¡its¡¡continuation¡¡to¡¡our¡¡own¡¡time¡¡may¡¡be¡¡

read¡¡in¡¡the¡¡careful¡¡study¡¡of¡¡the¡¡subject¡¡made¡¡by¡¡Miss¡¡Hamilton¡¡£¨now¡¡Mrs¡£¡¡

Dickens£©¡££§18£§¡¡There¡¡are¡¡still¡¡in¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡Greece¡¡and¡¡in¡¡Asia¡¡Minor¡¡shrines¡¡

at¡¡which¡¡incubation¡¡is¡¡practiced¡¡regularly£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡one¡¡may¡¡judge¡¡from¡¡the¡¡

reports£»¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡success¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Epidaurus¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡At¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡place¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Britain£»¡¡

Christchurch¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Monmouthshire£»¡¡¡¡¡¡incubation¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡carried¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡till¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡early¡¡

part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡nineteenth¡¡century¡£¡¡Now¡¡the¡¡profession¡¡has¡¡come¡¡back¡¡to¡¡the¡¡

study¡¡of¡¡dreams£»£§19£§¡¡and¡¡there¡¡are¡¡professors¡¡as¡¡ready¡¡to¡¡give¡¡suggestive¡¡

interpretations¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡them£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡days¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Aristides¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡¡¡¡¡usual£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Aristotle¡¡

seems¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡said¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡last¡¡¡¡word¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡subject£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Even¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡scientific¡¡

physicians¡¡tell¡¡us¡¡that¡¡one¡¡should¡¡pay¡¡diligent¡¡attention¡¡to¡¡dreams£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡

hold¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡view¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡reasonable¡¡also¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡those¡¡¡¡who¡¡are¡¡not¡¡practitioners¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡

speculative¡¡philosophers£»¡¨£§20£§¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡asking¡¡too¡¡much¡¡to¡¡think¡¡that¡¡the¡¡

Deity¡¡would¡¡trouble¡¡to¡¡send¡¡dreams¡¡to¡¡very¡¡simple¡¡people¡¡and¡¡to¡¡animals£»¡¡

if¡¡they¡¡were¡¡designed¡¡in¡¡any¡¡way¡¡to¡¡reveal¡¡the¡¡future¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡struggle¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡Christianity£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Paganism¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡last¡¡¡¡¡¡stand¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

temples¡¡of¡¡Asklepios¡£¡¡The¡¡miraculous¡¡healing¡¡of¡¡the¡¡saints¡¡superseded¡¡the¡¡

cures¡¡of¡¡the¡¡heathen¡¡god£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡was¡¡wise¡¡to¡¡adopt¡¡the¡¡useful¡¡practice¡¡of¡¡his¡¡

temple¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§18£§¡¡¡¡¡¡Mary¡¡¡¡¡¡Hamilton£º¡¡¡¡¡¡Incubation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Cure¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Disease¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Pagan¡¡

Temples¡¡and¡¡Christian¡¡Churches£»¡¡London£»¡¡1906¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§19£§¡¡Freud£º¡¡The¡¡Interpretation¡¡of¡¡Dreams£»¡¡translation¡¡of¡¡third¡¡edition¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡48¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡49¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡EVOLUTION¡¡OF¡¡MODERN¡¡MEDICINE¡¡



by¡¡A¡£¡¡A¡£¡¡Brill£»¡¡1913¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§20£§¡¡¡¡Aristotle£º¡¡¡¡¡¡Parva¡¡¡¡¡¡Naturalia£»¡¡¡¡¡¡De¡¡¡¡¡¡divinatione¡¡¡¡¡¡per¡¡¡¡¡¡somnium£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Ch¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡I£»¡¡

Oxford¡¡ed¡££»¡¡Vol¡£¡¡III£»¡¡463¡¡a¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡HIPPOCRATES¡¡AND¡¡THE¡¡HIPPOCRATIC¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡WRITINGS¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡DESERVEDLY¡¡the¡¡foundation¡¡of¡¡Greek¡¡Medicine¡¡is¡¡associated¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡name¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Hippocrates£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡native¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡island¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Cos£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡yet¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

shadowy¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡personality£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡whom¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡little¡¡¡¡accurate¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡­hand¡¡

information¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡strong¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡contrast¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡distinguished¡¡

contemporaries¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡successors£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡example£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Plato¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Aristotle£»¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡

whom¡¡we¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡full¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡accurate¡¡knowledge¡£¡¡You¡¡¡¡¡¡will£»¡¡perhaps£»¡¡be¡¡

surprised¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡hear¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡contemporary¡¡¡¡¡¡mention¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Hippocrates¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡

made¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡Plato¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Protagoras£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡young¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Hippocrates£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡son¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Apollodorus¡¡has¡¡come¡¡to¡¡Protagoras£»¡¡¡¨that¡¡mighty¡¡wise¡¡man£»¡¨¡¡to¡¡learn¡¡the¡¡

science¡¡and¡¡knowledge¡¡of¡¡human¡¡life¡£¡¡Socrates¡¡asked¡¡him£º¡¡¡¨If¡¡¡£¡¡¡£¡¡¡£¡¡you¡¡had¡¡

thought¡¡of¡¡going¡¡to¡¡Hippocrates¡¡of¡¡Cos£»¡¡the¡¡Asclepiad£»¡¡and¡¡were¡¡about¡¡to¡¡

give¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡money£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡said¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡you£»¡¡¡¡¡¡'You¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡paying¡¡

money¡¡to¡¡your¡¡namesake¡¡Hippocrates£»¡¡O¡¡Hippocrates£»¡¡tell¡¡me£»¡¡what¡¡is¡¡he¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡give¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡money£¿'¡¡¡¡¡¡how¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡answered£¿¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨I¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡

say£»¡¨¡¡he¡¡replied£»¡¡¡¨that¡¡I¡¡gave¡¡money¡¡to¡¡him¡¡as¡¡a¡¡physician¡£¡¨¡¡¡¨And¡¡what¡¡will¡¡

he¡¡make¡¡of¡¡you£¿¡¨¡¡¡¨A¡¡physician£»¡¨¡¡he¡¡said¡£¡¡And¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Phaedrus£»¡¡in¡¡reply¡¡to¡¡

a¡¡¡¡¡¡question¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Socrates¡¡¡¡¡¡whether¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡nature¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡soul¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡known¡¡

intelligently¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡knowing¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡nature¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Phaedrus¡¡¡¡¡¡replies£º¡¡

¡¨Hippocrates£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡Asclepiad£»¡¡¡¡¡¡says¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡nature£»¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡body£»¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡

only¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡understood¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Plato£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I£»¡¡¡¡¡¡311£»¡¡¡¡¡¡III£»¡¡¡¡¡¡270Jowett£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I£»¡¡¡¡¡¡131£»¡¡

479¡££©¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Several¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡lives¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Hippocrates¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡written¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡

frequently¡¡quoted¡¡is¡¡that¡¡of¡¡Soranus¡¡of¡¡Ephesus¡¡£¨not¡¡the¡¡famous¡¡physician¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Trajan£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡statements¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡gives¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡usually¡¡

accepted£»¡¡viz¡££»¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡born¡¡in¡¡the¡¡island¡¡of¡¡Cos¡¡in¡¡the¡¡year¡¡460¡¡B¡£C¡££»¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡belonged¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡Asklepiad¡¡¡¡¡¡family¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡distinction£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡travelled¡¡

extensively£»¡¡visiting¡¡Thrace£»¡¡Thessaly£»¡¡and¡¡various¡¡other¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡Greece£»¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡49¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡50¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡EVOLUTION¡¡OF¡¡MODERN¡¡MEDICINE¡¡



that¡¡he¡¡returned¡¡to¡¡Cos£»¡¡where¡¡he¡¡became¡¡the¡¡most¡¡renowned¡¡physician¡¡of¡¡

his¡¡¡¡¡¡period£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡died¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡375¡¡¡¡¡¡B¡£C¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Aristotle¡¡¡¡¡¡mentions¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡once£»¡¡

calling¡¡him¡¡¡¨the¡¡great¡¡Hippocrates¡£¡¨¡¡Busts¡¡of¡¡him¡¡are¡¡common£»¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

earliest¡¡of¡¡which£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡am¡¡told¡¡the¡¡best£»¡¡dating¡¡from¡¡Roman¡¡days¡¡and¡¡now¡¡

in¡¡the¡¡British¡¡Museum£»¡¡is¡¡here¡¡represented¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡the¡¡numerous¡¡writings¡¡attributed¡¡to¡¡Hippocrates¡¡it¡¡cannot¡¡easily¡¡be¡¡

determined¡¡which¡¡are¡¡really¡¡the¡¡work¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Father¡¡of¡¡Medicine¡¡himself¡£¡¡

They¡¡were¡¡collected¡¡at¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Alexandrian¡¡School£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡became¡¡

customary¡¡to¡¡write¡¡commentaries¡¡upon¡¡them£»¡¡much¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most¡¡important¡¡

information¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡them£»¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡derive¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡Galen¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡earliest¡¡

manuscript¡¡is¡¡the¡¡¡¨Codex¡¡Laurentianus¡¨¡¡of¡¡Florence£»¡¡dating¡¡from¡¡the¡¡ninth¡¡

century£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡specimen¡¡¡¡¡¡page¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨thanks¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Commendatore¡¡¡¡¡¡Biagi£©¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡

annexed¡£¡¡Those¡¡of¡¡you¡¡who¡¡are¡¡interested£»¡¡and¡¡wish¡¡to¡¡have¡¡full¡¡references¡¡

to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡various¡¡¡¡¡¡works¡¡¡¡¡¡attributed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Hippocrates£»¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡find¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Die¡¡

Handschriften¡¡¡¡¡¡der¡¡¡¡¡¡antiken¡¡¡¡¡¡Aerzte¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Prussian¡¡¡¡¡¡Academy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡edited¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡

Diels¡¡£¨Berlin£»¡¡1905£©¡£¡¡The¡¡Prussian¡¡Academy¡¡has¡¡undertaken¡¡the¡¡editorship¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡¡¨Corpus¡¡Medicorum¡¡Graecorum¡£¡¨¡¡There¡¡is¡¡no¡¡complete¡¡edition¡¡of¡¡

them¡¡in¡¡English¡£¡¡In¡¡1849¡¡the¡¡Deeside¡¡physician£»¡¡Adams£»¡¡published¡¡£¨for¡¡the¡¡

Old¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sydenham¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Society£©¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡translation¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡important¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡works£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

valuable¡¡edition¡¡and¡¡easily¡¡obtained¡£¡¡Littre's¡¡ten¡­volume¡¡edition¡¡OEuvres¡¡

completes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡d'Hippocrate£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Paris£»¡¡¡¡1839¡­1861£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡important¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡

reference¡£¡¡Those¡¡of¡¡you¡¡who¡¡want¡¡a¡¡brief¡¡but¡¡very¡¡satisfactory¡¡account¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡Hippocratic¡¡writings£»¡¡with¡¡numerous¡¡extracts£»will¡¡find¡¡the¡¡volume¡¡of¡¡

Theodor¡¡Beck¡¡£¨Jena£»¡¡1907£©¡¡very¡¡useful¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡indicate£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡brief¡¡¡¡¡¡way£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡special¡¡¡¡¡¡features¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Hippocratic¡¡writings¡¡that¡¡have¡¡influenced¡¡the¡¡evolution¡¡of¡¡the¡¡science¡¡and¡¡

art¡¡of¡¡medicine¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡first¡¡is¡¡undoubtedly¡¡the¡¡note¡¡of¡¡humanity¡£¡¡In¡¡his¡¡introduction¡¡to£»¡¡

¡¨The¡¡Rise¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Greek¡¡Epic£»¡¨£§21£§¡¡Gilbert¡¡Murray¡¡emphasizes¡¡the¡¡idea¡¡of¡¡

service¡¡to¡¡the¡¡community¡¡as¡¡more¡¡deeply¡¡rooted¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Greeks¡¡than¡¡in¡¡us¡£¡¡

The¡¡¡¡¡¡question¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡asked¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡writer¡¡¡¡¡¡was£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Does¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡help¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡make¡¡

better¡¡men£¿¡¨¡¡or¡¡¡¨Does¡¡he¡¡make¡¡life¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡better¡¡thing£¿¡¨Their¡¡aim¡¡was¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡

useful£»¡¡to¡¡be¡¡helpful£»¡¡to¡¡make¡¡better¡¡men¡¡in¡¡the¡¡cities£»¡¡to¡¡correct¡¡life£»¡¡¡¨to¡¡

make¡¡gentle¡¡the¡¡life¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡£¡¨¡¡In¡¡this¡¡brief¡¡phrase¡¡were¡¡summed¡¡up¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡50¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡51¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡EVOLUTION¡¡OF¡¡MODERN¡¡MEDICINE¡¡



the¡¡¡¡¡¡aspirations¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡Athen

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ