the origins of contemporary france-4-第127章
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workmen in the manufactories have been perverted 〃by excited
demagogues and club orators who have always held out to them equality
of fortunes and presented the Revolution as the prey of the class they
called sans…culottes 。 。 。 。 The law of the 'maximum;' at first
tolerably well carried out; the humiliation of the rich; the
confiscation of the immense possessions of the rich; seemed to be the
realization of these fine promises。〃
'94' Archives Nationales; F。7; 4421。 Petition of Madeleine Patris。 …
Petition of Quétrent Cogniér; weaver; 〃sans…culotte; and one of the
first members of the Troyes national guard。〃 … (The Style and
orthography of the most barbarous kind。)
'95' bid。; AF。; II。 135。 (Extract from the deliberations of the
Revolutionary Committee of the commune of Strasbourg; list of
prisoners and reasons for arresting them。) At Obersch?ffolsheim; two
farmers 〃because they are two of the richest private persons in the
commune。〃 … 〃Recueil de Pieces; etc。;〃 I。。 225。 (Declaration by
Welcher; revolutionary commissioner)。 〃I; the undersigned; declare
that; on the orders of citizen Clauer; commissioner of the canton; I
have surrendered at Strasbourg seven of the richest in
Obersh?ffolsheim without knowing why。〃 Four of the seven were
guillotined。
'96' Buchez et Roux; XXVI。; 341。 (Speech by Chasles in the
Convention; May 2; 1793。)
'97' Moniteur; XVIII。; 452。 (Speech by Hébert in the Jacobin club;
Brumaire 26。)…Schmidt; 〃Tableaux de la Révolution Fran?aise;〃 19。
(Reports of Dutard; June II。 … Archives Nationales。 F7。; 31167。
(Report of the Pourvoyeur; Niv?se 6; year II。) 〃The people complain
(se plain) that there are still some conspirators in the interior;
such as butchers and bakers; but particularly the former; who are
(son) an intolerable aristocracy。 They (il) will sell no more meat;
etc。 It is frightful to see what they (il) give the people。〃
'98' 〃Recueil de Police;〃 etc。; I。; 69 and 91。 At Strasbourg a number
of women of the lower class are imprisoned as 〃aristocrats and
fanatics;〃 with no other alleged motive。 The following are their
occupations: dressmaker; upholsteress; housewife; midwife; baker;
wives of coffee…house keepers; tailors; potters and chimney…sweeps。 …
Ibid。; II。; 216。 〃Ursule Rath; servant to an émigré arrested for the
purpose of knowing what her master had concealed。 。 。 。 Marie
Faber; on suspicion of having served in a priest's house。〃 … Archives
Nationales; AF。; II。; 135。 (List of the occupations of the suspected
women detained in the cells of the National college。) Most of them are
imprisoned for being either mothers; sisters; wives or daughters of
émigrés or exiled priests; and many are the wives of shopkeepers or
mechanics。 One; a professional nurse; is an 〃aristocrat and fanatic。〃
(Another list describes the men); a cooper as 〃aristocrat;〃 a tripe…
seller as 〃very incivique; never having shown any attachment to the
Revolution;〃 a mason has never shown 〃patriotism;〃 a shoemaker is
aristocrat at all times; having accepted a porter's place under the
tyrant;〃 four foresters 〃do not entertain patriotic sentiments;〃 etc。
… 〃Recueil de Pièces; etc。;〃 II。; 220。 Citoyenne Genet; aged 75; and
her daughter; aged 44; are accused of having sent; May 22; 1792;
thirty…six francs in silver to the former's son; an émigré and were
guillotined。 … Cf。 Sauzay; vols。 III。; IV。; and V。 (appendices);
lists of émigrés and prisoners in Doubs; where titles and professions;
with motives for confining them; will be found。 … At Paris; even
(Archives Nationales; F。7; 31167。 report of Latour…Lamontagne;
September 20; 1793); aversion to the government descends very low。
〃Three women (market…women) all agree on one point…the necessity of a
new order of things。 They complain of the authorities without
exception。 。 。 。 If the King is not on their lips; it is much to
be feared that he is already in their hearts。 A woman in the Faubourg
St。 Antoine; said: If our husbands made the Revolution we know how to
make a counter…revolution if that should be necessary。〃
'99' See above ch。 V。; § 4。 … Archives Nationales; F。7; 4435; No。
10。 (Letter of Collot d'Herbois to Couthon; Frimaire 11; year II。)
'100' Archives des Affaires étrangères; vol。331。 (Letter of Bertrand;
N?mes; Frimaire 3。) 〃We are sorry to see patriots here not very
delicate in the way they cause arrests; in ascertaining who are
criminal; and the precious class of craftsmen is no exception。〃
'101' Berryat Saint…Prix; 〃La Justice Révolutionnaire;〃 1st ed。;
p。229。
'102' 〃Un Séjour en France;〃 p。 186。 〃I notice that most of the
arrests now made are farmers。〃 (In consequence of the requisitions for
grain; and on account of the applications of the law of the maximum。)
'103' 〃Bulletin du Tribunal Révolutionnaire;〃 No。431。 (Testimony of
Tontin; secretary of the court。) Twelve hundred of these poor
creatures were set free after Thermidor 9。
'104' Moniteur; session of June 29; 1797。 (Report of Luminais。)
??Danican; 〃Les Brigands Démasqués;〃 p。 194。
'105' Meillan; 〃Mémoires; p。 166。
'106' Berryat Saint…Prix; 〃La Justice Révolutionnaire;〃 p。 419。 …
Archives Nationales; AF。; II。; 145。 (Orders issued by Representative
Maignet; Floréal 14; 15 and 17; year II。) 〃The criminal court will try
and execute the principal criminals; the rest of the inhabitants will
abandon their houses in twenty…four hours; and take their furniture
along with them。 The town will then be burnt。 All rebuilding or
tillage of the soil is forbidden。 The inhabitants will be apportioned
among neighboring communes; nobody is allowed to leave the commune
assigned to him under penalty of being treated as an emigré。 All must
appear once every ten days at the municipality under penalty of being
declared 'suspect' and imprisoned。〃
'107' 〃Recueil de Piecès; etc。;〃 I。; 52。 (Carret de Beudot and La
Coste; Pluvi?se 6; year II。) 〃Whereas; it being impossible to find
jurors within an extent of one hundred leagues; two…thirds of the
inhabitants having emigrated。〃 … Moniteur; Aug。28 and 29; 1797。
(Report by Harmand de la Meuse。) … Ibid。; XIX。; 714。 (Session of
Vent?se 26; year II。; speech by Baudot。) 〃Forty thousand persons of
all ages and both sexes in the districts alone of Haguenau and
Wissembourg; fled from the French territory on the lines being
retaken。 The names are in our hands; their furniture in the depot at
Saverne and their property is made over to the Republic。〃
'108' Albert Babeau; 〃Histoire de Troyes;〃 II。; 160。 〃A gardener had
carefully accumulated eight thousand two hundred and twenty…three
livres in gold; the fruit of his savings; threatened with
imprisonment; he was obliged to give them up。〃
'109' Archives Nationales; AF。;II。; 116。 (Orders of Representative
Paganel; Toulouse; Brumaire 12; year II。) 〃The day has arrived when
apathy is an insult to patriotism; and indifference a crime。 We no
longer reply to the objections of avarice; we will force the rich to
fulfill the duties of fraternity which they have abjured。〃 … Ibid。
(Extract from the minutes of the meetings of the Central committee of
Montauban; April II; 1793; with the approval of the representative;
Jeanbon…Saint…André。) 〃The moment has at length come when moderatism;
royalism and pusillanimity; and all other traitorous or useless sects
to the country; should disappear from the soil of Liberty。〃 All
opinions opposed to those of sans…culotterie are blamable and merit
punishment。
'110' Archives Nationales; F。7; 2471。 (Minutes of the Revolutionary
Committee of the Tuileries section; meeting of September 17; 1793。)
List of seventy…four persons put under arrest and among them; M。 de
Noailles; with the following note opposite his name: 〃The entire
family to be arrested; including their heir Guy; and Hervet; their old
intendant; rue St。 Honoré。〃
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