the origins of contemporary france-4-第105章

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the　Jacobins　in　Aries。）　Their　party　〃is　composed　of　the　vilest

artisans　and　nearly　all　the　sailors。〃　The　municipality　recruited

amongst　former　terrorists；　〃has　enforced　for　a　year　back　the　agrarian

law；　devastation　of　the　forests；　pillage　of　the　wheat…crops；　by　bands

of　armed　men　under　pretext　of　the　right　of　gleaning；　the　robbery　of

animals　at　the　plough　as　well　as　of　the　flocks；〃　etc。



＇139＇　Ibid。；　F。7；　7171。　　〃These　commissioners　（of　the　quarter）　notify

the　exclusives；　and　even　swindlers；　when　warrants　are　out　against

them。　　。　　。　　。　　The　same　measures　carried　out　in　the　primary

assemblies　on　the　1st　of　Thermidor　last；　in　the　selection　of　municipal

officers；　have　been　successfully　revived　in　the　organization　of　the

National　Guard　…　threats；　insults；　shouting；　assaults；　compulsory

ejection　from　meetings　then　governed　by　the　amnestied；　finally；　the

appointment　of　the　latter　to　the　principal　offices。　　In　effect；　all；

beginning　with　the　places　of　battalion　leaders　and　reaching　to　those

of　corporals；　are　exclusively　filled　by　their　partisans。　　The　result

is　that　the　honest；　to　whom　serving　with　men　regarded　by　them　with

aversion　is　repugnant；　employ　substitutes　instead　of　mounting　guard

themselves；　the　security　of　the　town　being　in　the　hands　of　those　who

themselves　ought　to　be　watched。〃



＇140＇　Archives　Nationales；　F。7；　3273。　　（Letter　of　Mérard；　former

administrator　and　judge　in　1790　and　1791；　in　years　III。；　IV。　　and　V。；

to　the　Minister；　Apt；　Pluvi？se　15；　year　III。；　with　personal　references

and　documentary　evidence。）　〃I　can　no　longer　refrain　at　the　sight　of　so

many　horrors　。　　。　　。　　。　　The　justices　of　the　peace　and　the　director　of

the　jury　excuse　themselves　on　the　ground　that　no　denunciations　or

witnesses　are　brought　forward。　　Who　would　dare　appear　against　men

arrogating　to　themselves　the　title　of　superior　patriots；　foremost　in

every　revolutionary　crisis；　and　with　friends　in　every　commune　and

protectors　in　all　high　places？　The　favor　they　enjoyed　was　such　that

the　commune　of　Gordes　was　free　of　any　levy　of　conscripts　and　from　all

requisitions。　　People　thus　disposed；　they　said；　to　second　civic　and

administrative　views；　could　not　be　humored　too　much。　　。　　。　　。　　。　　This

discouraging　state　of　things　simply　results　from　the　weakness；

inexperience；　ignorance；　apathy　and　immorality　of　the　public

functionaries　who；　since　the　18th　of　Fructidor；　year　V。；　swarm；　with　a

few　exceptions　only；　among　the　constituted　authorities。　　Whatever　is

most　foul　and　incompetent　is　in　office；　every　good　citizen　being

frightened　to　death。〃…　Ibid。　　（Letter　of　Montauban；　director　of　the

registry　since　1793　to　the　Minister　of　the　Interior；　a　compatriot；

Avignon；　Pluvi？se　7；　year　VII。）　〃Honest　folks　are　constantly　annoyed

and　put　down　by　the　authors　and　managers　of　the　'Glaciere'。　　。　　。　　。

。　　by　the　tools　of　the　bloody　tribunal　of　Orange　and　the　incendiaries

of　Bedouim。〃　He　enjoins　secrecy　on　this　letter；　which；　〃if　known　to

the　Glacièrists；　or　Orangeists；　would　cost　him　his　life。〃



＇141＇　Ibid。；　F。7；　7164。　　（Department　of　Var；　year　V。；　〃Ideé

Générale。〃）　〃National　character　is　gone；　it　is　even　demoralized：　an

office…holder　who　has　not　made　his　fortune　quickly　is　regarded　as　a

fool。〃



＇142＇　Moniteur；　XXII。；　240。　　（Indictment　of　the　fourteen　members　of

the　Revolutionary　committee　of　Nantes；　and　the　summing…up　of　the

examination；　Vendémiaire　23；　year　II。）　When　there　is　no　special

information　concerning　the　other　committees　the　verdict；　on　the　whole；

is　nearly　always　as　overwhe1ming。…Ibid。　　（Session　of　Vendémiaire　12；

year　III。　　complaint　of　a　deputation　from　Ferney…Voltaire。）　〃The　Gex

district　was；　for　over　a　year；　a　prey　to　five　or　six　scoundrels　who

took　refuge　there。　　Under　the　mask　of　patriotism　they　succeeded　in

getting　possession　of　all　the　offices。　　Vexations　of　every　kind；

robberies　of　private　houses；　squandering　of　public　money；　were

committed　by　these　monsters。〃　（The　Ferney　deputies　brought　with　them

the　testimony　of　witnesses。）　…　Ibid。；　290。　　（Letters　of　Representative

Goupilleau；　Beziers；　Vendémiaire　28；　year　III。　　on　the　terrorists　of

Vaucluse。）　〃　These　carnivorous　fellows；　regretting　the　times　when　they

could　rob　and　massacre　with　impunity　。　　。　　。　　。　　Who；　six　months　ago；

were　starving　and　who　now　live　in　the　most　scandalous　opulence　。　　。　　。

Squanderers　of　the　public　funds；　robbers　of　private　fortunes　。　　。　　。

Guilty　of　rapine；　of　forced　contributions；　of　extortions；〃　etc。　　…

Prudhomme；　〃Les　crimes　de　la　Révolution；〃　VI。；　79。　　（On　the

Revolutionary　committee　installed　by　Fouché　at　Nevers。）　The　local

investigation　shows　that　the　eleven　leaders　were　men　of　vile

character；　unfrocked　and　disreputable　priests；　lawyers　and　notaries

driven　out　of　their　professional　bodies；　and　even　from　the　popular

clubs；　on　account　of　their　dishonesty；　penniless　actors；　surgeons

without　patients；　depraved；　ruined；　incapable　men；　and　two　jail…birds。



＇143＇　Beaulieu；　III。；　754。　　…　Cf。　　〃The　Revolution；〃　vol。　　II。；　ch。

I。；　§　9。



＇144＇　〃Recueil　de　pièces　authentiques　sur　la　Révolution　à　Strasbourg；〃

I。；　21。　　…　Archives　Nationales　D。；　I。；　§　6。　　（Orders　by　Rousselin；

Frimaire　II；　year　II。）



＇145＇　〃Un　Sejour　en　France　de　1792　à　1795；〃　p。409。



＇146＇　I　have　not　found　a　complete　list　of　the　towns　and　departments

which　had　a　revolutionary　army。　　The　correspondence　of　representatives

on　mission　and　published　documents　verify　the　presence　of

revolutionary　armies　in　the　towns　mentioned。



＇147＇　De　Martel；　〃Fouché；〃　338。　　（Text　of　the　orders　of　the

commissioners　of　Public　Safety。）　The　detachment　sent　to　Lyons

comprises　twelve　hundred　fusiliers；　six　hundred　gunners；　one　hundred

and　fifty　horses。　　Three　hundred　thousand　livres　are　remitted　as

traveling　expenses　to　the　commissary；　fifty　thousand　to　Collot

d'Herbois；　and　nineteen　thousand　two　hundred　to　the　Jacobin　civilians

accompanying　them。



＇148＇　Moniteur。　　（Session　of　Brumaire　17　year　III。）　Letter　of

Representative　Calès　to　the　Convention。　　〃Under　the　pretext　of

guarding　the　prisons；　the　municipality　（of　Dijon）　had　a　revolutionary

army　which　I　broke　up　two　days　ago；　as　it　cost　six　thousand　francs　a

month；　and　would　not　obey　the　commander　of　the　armed　force；　and　served

as　a　support　to　intriguers。　　These　soldiers；　who　were　all　workmen　out

of　employment；　do　nothing　but　post　themselves　in　the　tribunes　of　the

clubs；　where　they；　with　the　women　they　bring　along　with　them；　applaud

the　leaders；　and　so　threaten　citizens　who　are　disposed　to　combat　them；

and　force　these　to　keep　their　mouths　shut。〃　？？De　Martel；　〃Fouché；〃

425。　　〃Javogues；　to　elude　a　decree　of　the　Convention　（Frimaire　14）

suppressing　the　revolutionary　army　in　the　departments；　converted　the

twelve　hundred　men　he　had　embodied　in　it　in　the　Loire　into　paid

soldiers。〃？　Ibid。；　132。　　（Letter　of　Goulin；　Bourg；　Frimaire　23。）

〃Yesterday；　at　Bourg…Régeriéré；　I　found　Javogues　with　about　four

hundred　men　of　the　revolutionary　army　whom　he　had　brought　with　him　on

the　20th　instant。〃



＇149＇　Buchez　et　Roux；　XXIX。；　45。　　…　Moniteur；　XX。；　67。　　（Report　of

Barère；　Germinal　7。）　…　Sauzay；　IV。；　303。　　（Orders　of　Representative

Bassal　at　Bésan？on。）



＇150＇　We　see　by　Barère's　report　（Germinal　7；　year　II。）　that　the

revolutionary　army　of　Paris；　instead　of　being　six　thousand　men；　was

only　four　thousand；　which　is　creditable　to　Paris。　　…　Mallet…Dupan；

II。；　52。　　（cf。　　〃The　Revolution；〃　II。；　353。）　…　Gouvion　St。　　Cyr；　I。；

137。　　〃In　these　times；　the　representatives　had　organized　in　Haut…Rhin

what　they　called　a　revolutionary　army；　composed　of　deserters　and　all

the　vagabonds　and　scamps　they　could　pick　up　who　had　belonged　to　the

popular　club；　they　dragged　along　after　it　what　they　called　judges　and

a　guillotine。〃　…　〃Hua；　〃Souvenirs　d'un　Avocat；〃　196。



＇151＇　Riouffe；　〃Memoires　d'un　deténue。〃　P。31。



＇152＇　Ibid。；　〃These　balls　were　brought　out　ostentatiously　and　shown　to

the　people　beforehand。　　The　tying　of　our　hands　an