贝壳电子书 > 英文原著电子书 > the ethics(part ii) >

第2章

the ethics(part ii)-第2章

小说: the ethics(part ii) 字数: 每页4000字

按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页,按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页,按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部!
————未阅读完?加入书签已便下次继续阅读!






the attributes of God and of particular things do not own as



their efficient cause their  objects (ideata) or the things



perceived; but God himself in so far as he is a thinking thing。







》》》》》ProofThis proposition is evident from Prop。 iii。 of this



Part。  We there drew the  conclusion; that God can form the idea



of his essence; and of all things which follow  necessarily



therefrom; solely because he is a thinking thing; and not because



he is the  object of his own idea。  Wherefore the actual being of



ideas owns for cause God; in so far  as he is a thinking thing。 



It may be differently proved as follows:  the actual being of



ideas  is (obviously) a mode of thought; that is (Part i。; Prop。



xxv。; Cor。) a mode which expresses  in a certain manner the



nature of God; in so far as he is a thinking thing; and therefore 



(Part i。; Prop。 x。) involves the conception of no other attribute



of God; and consequently  (by Part i。; Ax。 iv。) is not the effect



of any attribute save thought。  Therefore the actual  being of



ideas owns God as its cause; in so far as he is considered as a



thinking thing; &c。   Q。E。D。







VI。  The modes of any given attribute are caused by God; in so



far as he is considered  through the attribute of which they are



modes; and not in so far as he is considered through  any other



attribute。







》》》》》ProofEach attribute is conceived through itself; without



any other part (Part i。;  Prop。 x。); wherefore the modes of each



attribute involve the conception of that attribute;  but not of



any other。  Thus (Part i。; Ax。 iv。) they are caused by God; only



in so far as he  is considered through the attribute whose modes



they are; and not in so far as he is  considered through any



other。  Q。E。D。







ProofThis proposition is evident from Part i。; Ax。 iv。 



For the idea of everything  that is caused depends on a



knowledge of the cause; whereof it is an effect。







ProofThis proposition is evident from the last; it is



understood more clearly from  the preceding note。







ProofThe idea of an individual thing actually existing is



an individual mode of  thinking; and is distinct from other modes



(by the Cor。 and Note to Prop。 viii。 of this part);  thus (by



Prop。 vi。 of this part) it is caused by God; in so far only as he



is a thinking thing。   But not (by Prop。 xxviii。 of Part i。) in



so far as he is a thing thinking absolutely; only in so  far as



he is considered as affected by another mode of thinking; and he



is the

返回目录 上一页 下一页 回到顶部 0 0

你可能喜欢的