the complete writings-3-第31章
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that was but two hundred Tunnes； she four or five hundred。〃 Smith's share of this booty was modest。 When the ship returned he was set ashore at 〃the Road of Antibo in Piamon；〃 〃with five hundred chiqueenes ＇sequins＇ and a little box God sent him worth neere as much more。〃 He always devoutly acknowledged his dependence upon divine Providence； and took willingly what God sent him。
II
FIGHTING IN HUNGARY
Smith being thus 〃refurnished；〃 made the tour of Italy； satisfied himself with the rarities of Rome； where he saw Pope Clement the Eighth and many cardinals creep up the holy stairs； and with the fair city of Naples and the kingdom's nobility； and passing through the north he came into Styria； to the Court of Archduke Ferdinand； and； introduced by an Englishman and an Irish Jesuit to the notice of Baron Kisell； general of artillery； he obtained employment； and went to Vienna with Colonel Voldo； Earl of Meldritch； with whose regiment he was to serve。
He was now on the threshold of his long…desired campaign against the Turks。 The arrival on the scene of this young man； who was scarcely out of his teens； was a shadow of disaster to the Turks。 They had been carrying all before them。 Rudolph II。； Emperor of Germany； was a weak and irresolute character； and no match for the enterprising Sultan； Mahomet III。； who was then conducting the invasion of Europe。 The Emperor's brother； the Archduke Mathias； who was to succeed him； and Ferdinand； Duke of Styria； also to become Emperor of Germany； were much abler men； and maintained a good front against the Moslems in Lower Hungary； but the Turks all the time steadily advanced。 They had long occupied Buda （Pesth）； and had been in possession of the stronghold of Alba Regalis for some sixty years。 Before Smith's advent they had captured the important city of Caniza； and just as he reached the ground they had besieged the town of Olumpagh； with two thousand men。 But the addition to the armies of Germany； France； Styria； and Hungary of John Smith； 〃this English gentleman；〃 as he styles himself； put a new face on the war； and proved the ruin of the Turkish cause。 The Bashaw of Buda was soon to feel the effect of this re…enforcement。
Caniza is a town in Lower Hungary； north of the River Drave； and just west of the Platen Sea； or Lake Balatin； as it is also called。 Due north of Caniza a few miles； on a bend of the little River Raab （which empties into the Danube）； and south of the town of Kerment； lay Smith's town of Olumpagh； which we are able to identify on a map of the period as Olimacum or Oberlymback。 In this strong town the Turks had shut up the garrison under command of Governor Ebersbraught so closely that it was without intelligence or hope of succor。
In this strait； the ingenious John Smith； who was present in the reconnoitering army in the regiment of the Earl of Meldritch； came to the aid of Baron Kisell； the general of artillery； with a plan of communication with the besieged garrison。 Fortunately Smith had made the acquaintance of Lord Ebersbraught at Gratza； in Styria； and had （he says） communicated to him a system of signaling a message by the use of torches。 Smith seems to have elaborated this method of signals； and providentially explained it to Lord Ebersbraught； as if he had a presentiment of the latter's use of it。 He divided the alphabet into two parts； from A to L and from M to Z。 Letters were indicated and words spelled by the means of torches： 〃The first part； from A to L； is signified by showing and holding one linke so oft as there is letters from A to that letter you name； the other part； from M to Z； is mentioned by two lights in like manner。 The end of a word is signifien by showing of three lights。〃
General Kisell； inflamed by this strange invention； which Smith made plain to him； furnished him guides； who conducted him to a high mountain； seven miles distant from the town； where he flashed his torches and got a reply from the governor。 Smith signaled that they would charge on the east of the town in the night； and at the alarum Ebersbraught was to sally forth。 General Kisell doubted that he should be able to relieve the town by this means； as he had only ten thousand men； but Smith； whose fertile brain was now in full action； and who seems to have assumed charge of the campaign； hit upon a stratagem for the diversion and confusion of the Turks。
On the side of the town opposite the proposed point of attack lay the plain of Hysnaburg （Eisnaburg on Ortelius's map）。 Smith fastened two or three charred pieces of match to divers small lines of an hundred fathoms in length； armed with powder。 Each line was tied to a stake at each end。 After dusk these lines were set up on the plain； and being fired at the instant the alarm was given； they seemed to the Turks like so many rows of musketeers。 While the Turks therefore prepared to repel a great army from that side； Kisell attacked with his ten thousand men； Ebersbraught sallied out and fell upon the Turks in the trenches； all the enemy on that side were slain or drowned； or put to flight。 And while the Turks were busy routing Smith's sham musketeers； the Christians threw a couple of thousand troops into the town。 Whereupon the Turks broke up the siege and retired to Caniza。 For this exploit General Kisell received great honor at Kerment； and Smith was rewarded with the rank of captain； and the command of two hundred and fifty horsemen。 From this time our hero must figure as Captain John Smith。 The rank is not high； but he has made the title great； just as he has made the name of John Smith unique。
After this there were rumors of peace for these tormented countries； but the Turks； who did not yet appreciate the nature of this force； called John Smith； that had come into the world against them； did not intend peace； but went on levying soldiers and launching them into Hungary。 To oppose these fresh invasions； Rudolph II。； aided by the Christian princes； organized three armies： one led by the Archduke Mathias and his lieutenant； Duke Mercury； to defend Low Hungary； the second led by Ferdinand； the Archduke of Styria； and the Duke of Mantua； his lieutenant； to regain Caniza； the third by Gonzago； Governor of High Hungary； to join with Georgio Busca； to make an absolute conquest of Transylvania。
In pursuance of this plan； Duke Mercury； with an army of thirty thousand； whereof nearly ten thousand were French； besieged Stowell… Weisenberg； otherwise called Alba Regalis； a place so strong by art and nature that it was thought impregnable。
This stronghold； situated on the northeast of the Platen Sea； was； like Caniza and Oberlympack； one of the Turkish advanced posts； by means of which they pushed forward their operations from Buda on the Danube。
This noble friend of Smith； the Duke of Mercury； whom Haylyn styles Duke Mercurio； seems to have puzzled the biographers of Smith。 In fact； the name of 〃Mercury〃 has given a mythological air to Smith's narration and aided to transfer it to the region of romance。 He was； however； as we have seen； identical with a historical character of some importance； for the services he rendered to the Church of Rome； and a commander of some considerable skill。 He is no other than Philip de Lorraine； Duc de Mercceur。'
＇So far as I know； Dr。 Edward Eggleston was the first to identify him。 There is a sketch of him in the 〃Biographie Universelle；〃 and a life with an account of his exploits in Hungary； entitled： Histoire de Duc Mercoeur； par Bruseles de Montplain Champs； Cologne； 1689…97＇
At the siege of Alba Regalis； the Turks gained several successes by night sallies； and； as usual； it was not till Smith came to the front with one of his ingenious devices that the fortune of war changed。 The Earl Meldritch； in whose regiment Smith served； having heard from some Christians who escaped from the town at what place there were the greatest assemblies and throngs of people in the city； caused Captain Smith to put in practice his 〃fiery dragons。〃 These instruments of destruction are carefully described： 〃Having prepared fortie or fiftie round…bellied earthen pots； and filled them with hand Gunpowder； then covered them with Pitch； mingled with Brims
