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第61章

beacon lights of history-iii-2-第61章

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mediaeval Catholic divine。  He would have burned a Galileo as he

caused the death of Servetus; which need not have happened but for

him。  Calvin could have saved Servetus if he had pleased; but he

complained of him to the magistrates; knowing that his condemnation

and death would necessarily follow。  He had neither the humanity of

Luther nor the toleration of Saint Augustine。  He was the

impersonation of intellect;like Newton; Leibnitz; Spinoza; and

Kant;which overbore the impulses of his heart。  He had no

passions except zeal for orthodoxy。  So pre…eminently did intellect

tower above the passions that he seemed to lack sympathy; and yet;

such was his exalted character; he was capable of friendship。  He

was remarkable for every faculty of the mind except wit and

imagination。  His memory was almost incredible; he remembered

everything he ever read or heard; he would; after long intervals;

recognize persons whom he had never seen but once or twice。  When

employed in dictation; he would resume the thread of his discourse

without being prompted; after the most vexatious interruptions。

His judgment was as sound as his memory was retentive; it was

almost infallible;no one was ever known to have been misled by

it。  He had a remarkable analytical power; and also the power of

generalization。  He was a very learned man; and his Commentaries

are among the most useful and valued of his writings; showing both

learning and judgment; his exegetical works have scarcely been

improved。  He had no sceptical or rationalistic tendencies; and

therefore his Commentaries may not be admired by men of 〃advanced

thought;〃 but his annotations will live when those of Ewald shall

be forgotten; they still hold their place in the libraries of

biblical critics。  For his age he was a transcendent critic; his

various writings fill five folio volumes。  He was not so voluminous

a writer as Thomas Aquinas; but less diffuse; his style is lucid;

like that of Voltaire。



Considering the weakness of his body Calvin's labors were

prodigious。  There was never a more industrious man; finding time

for everything;for an amazing correspondence; for pastoral

labors; for treatises and essays; for commentaries and official

duties。  No man ever accomplished more in the same space of time。

He preached daily every alternate week; he attended meetings of the

Consistory and of the Court of Morals; he interested himself in the

great affairs of his age; he wrote letters to all parts of

Christendom。



Reigning as a religious dictator; and with more influence than any

man of his age; next to Luther; Calvin was content to remain poor;

and was disdainful of money and all praises and rewards。  This was

not an affectation; not the desire to imitate the great saints of

Christian antiquity to whom poverty was a cardinal virtue; but real

indifference; looking upon money as impedimenta; as camp equipage

is to successful generals。  He was not conscious of being poor with

his small salary of fifty dollars a year; feeling that he had

inexhaustible riches within him; and hence he calmly and naturally

took his seat among the great men of the world as their peer and

equal; without envy of the accidents of fortune and birth。  He was

as indifferent to money and luxuries as Socrates when he walked

barefooted among the Athenian aristocracy; or Basil when he retired

to the wilderness; he rarely gave vent to extravagant grief or joy;

seldom laughed; and cared little for hilarities; he knew no games

or sports; he rarely played with children or gossiped with women;

he loved without romance; and suffered bereavement without outward

sorrow。  He had no toleration for human infirmities; and was

neither social nor genial; he sought a wife; not so much for

communion of feeling as to ease him of his burdens;not to share

his confidence; but to take care of his house。  Nor was he fond;

like Luther; of music and poetry。  He had no taste for the fine

arts; he never had a poet or an artist for his friend or companion。

He could not look out of his window without seeing the glaciers of

the Alps; but seemed to be unmoved by their unspeakable grandeur;

he did not revel in the glories of nature or art; but gave his mind

to abstract ideas and stern practical duties。  He was sparing of

language; simple; direct; and precise; using neither sarcasm; nor

ridicule; nor exaggeration。  He was far from being eloquent

according to popular notions of oratory; and despised the jingle of

words and phrases and tricks of rhetoric; he appealed to reason

rather than the passions; to the conscience rather than the

imagination。



Though mild; Calvin was also intolerant。  Castillo; once his

friend; assailed his doctrine of Decrees; and was obliged to quit

Geneva; and was so persecuted that he died of actual starvation;

Perrin; captain…general of the republic; danced at a wedding; and

was thrown into prison; Bolsec; an eminent physician; opposed the

doctrine of Predestination; and was sentenced to perpetual

imprisonment; Gruet spoke lightly of the ordinances of religion;

and was beheaded; Servetus was a moral and learned and honest man;

but could not escape the flames。  Had he been willing to say; as

the flames consumed his body; 〃Jesus; thou eternal Son of God; have

mercy on me!〃 instead of; 〃Jesus; thou son of the eternal God!〃 he

might have been spared。  Calvin was as severe on those who refused

to accept his logical deductions from acknowledged truths as he was

on those who denied the fundamental truths themselves。  But

toleration was rare in his age; and he was not beyond it。  He was

not even beyond the ideas of the Middle Ages in some important

points; such as those which pertained to divine justice;the wrath

rather than the love of God。  He lived too near the Middle Ages to

be emancipated from the ideas which enslaved such a man as Thomas

Aquinas。  He had very little patience with frivolous amusements or

degrading pursuits。  He attached great dignity to the ministerial

office; and set a severe example of decorum and propriety in all

his public ministrations。  He was a type of the early evangelical

divines; and was the father of the old Puritan strictness and

narrowness and fidelity to trusts。  His very faults grew out of

virtues pushed to extremes。  In our times such a man would not be

selected as a travelling companion; or a man at whose house we

would wish to keep the Christmas holidays。  His unattractive

austerity perhaps has been made too much of by his enemies; and

grew out of his unimpulsive temperament;call it cold if we must;

and also out of his stern theology; which marked the ascetics of

the Middle Ages。  Few would now approve of his severity of

discipline any more than they would feel inclined to accept some of

his theological deductions。



I question whether Calvin lived in the hearts of his countrymen; or

they would have erected some monument to his memory。  In our times

a statue has been erected to Rousseau in Geneva; but Calvin was

buried without ceremony and with exceeding simplicity。  He was a

warrior who cared nothing for glory or honor; absorbed in devotion

to his Invisible King; not indifferent to the exercise of power;

but only as he felt he was the delegated messenger of Divine

Omnipotence scattering to the winds the dust of all mortal

grandeur。  With all his faults; which were on the surface; he was

the accepted idol and oracle of a great party; and stamped his

genius on his own and succeeding ages。  Whatever the Presbyterians

have done for civilization; he comes in for a share of the honor。

Whatever foundations the Puritans laid for national greatness in

this country; it must be confessed that they caught inspiration

from his decrees。  Such a great master of exegetical learning and

theological inquiry and legislative wisdom will be forever held in

reverence by lofty characters; although he may be no favorite with

the mass of mankind。  If many great

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