建立世界贸易组织的协议 (中英文-第3章

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The　World　Trade　Organization　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　〃the　WTO〃）　is　hereby　established。


Article　II

Scope　of　the　WTO

1。　The　WTO　shall　provide　the　mon　institutional　framework　for　the　conduct　of　trade　relations　among　its　Members　in　matters　related　to　the　agreements　and　associated　legal　instruments　included　in　the　Annexes　to　this　Agreement。

2。　The　agreements　and　associated　legal　instruments　included　in　Annexes　1；　2　and　3　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　〃Multilateral　Trade　Agreements〃）　are　integral　parts　of　this　Agreement；　binding　on　all　Members。

3。　The　agreements　and　associated　legal　instruments　included　in　Annex　4　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　〃Plurilateral　Trade　Agreements〃）　are　also　part　of　this　Agreement　for　those　Members　that　have　accepted　them；　and　are　binding　on　those　Members。　The　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreements　do　not　create　either　obligations　or　rights　for　Members　that　have　not　accepted　them。

4。　The　General　Agreement　on　Tariffs　and　Trade　1994　as　specified　in　Annex　1A　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　〃GATT　1994〃）　is　legally　distinct　from　the　General　Agreement　on　Tariffs　and　Trade；　dated　30　October　1947；　annexed　to　the　Final　Act　Adopted　at　the　Conclusion　of　the　Second　Session　of　the　Preparatory　mittee　of　the　United　Nations　Conference　on　Trade　and　Employment；　as　subsequently　rectified；　amended　or　modified　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　〃GATT　1947〃）。


Article　III

Functions　of　the　WTO

1。　The　WTO　shall　facilitate　the　implementation；　administration　and　operation；　and　further　the　objectives；　of　this　Agreement　and　of　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements；　and　shall　also　provide　the　framework　for　the　implementation；　administration　and　operation　of　the　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreements。

2。　The　WTO　shall　provide　the　forum　for　negotiations　among　its　Members　concerning　their　multilateral　trade　relations　in　matters　dealt　with　under　the　agreements　in　the　Annexes　to　this　Agreement。　The　WTO　may　also　provide　a　forum　for　further　negotiations　among　its　Members　concerning　their　multilateral　trade　relations；　and　a　framework　for　the　implementation　of　the　results　of　such　negotiations；　as　may　be　decided　by　the　Ministerial　Conference。

3。　The　WTO　shall　administer　the　Understanding　on　Rules　and　Procedures　Governing　the　Settlement　of　Disputes　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　the　〃Dispute　Settlement　Understanding〃　or　〃DSU〃）　in　Annex　2　to　this　Agreement。

4。　The　WTO　shall　administer　the　Trade　Policy　Review　Mechanism　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　the　〃TPRM〃）　provided　for　in　Annex　3　to　this　Agreement。

5。　With　a　view　to　achieving　greater　coherence　in　global　economic　policy…making；　the　WTO　shall　cooperate；　as　appropriate；　with　the　International　Monetary　Fund　and　with　the　International　Bank　for　Reconstruction　and　Development　and　its　affiliated　agencies。


Article　IV

Structure　of　the　WTO

1。　There　shall　be　a　Ministerial　Conference　posed　of　representatives　of　all　the　Members；　which　shall　meet　at　least　once　every　two　years。　The　Ministerial　Conference　shall　carry　out　the　functions　of　the　WTO　and　take　actions　necessary　to　this　effect。　The　Ministerial　Conference　shall　have　the　authority　to　take　decisions　on　all　matters　under　any　of　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements；　if　so　requested　by　a　Member；　in　accordance　with　the　specific　requirements　for　decision…making　in　this　Agreement　and　in　the　relevant　Multilateral　Trade　Agreement。

2。　There　shall　be　a　General　Council　posed　of　representatives　of　all　the　Members；　which　shall　meet　as　appropriate。　In　the　intervals　between　meetings　of　the　Ministerial　Conference；　its　functions　shall　be　conducted　by　the　General　Council。　The　General　Council　shall　also　carry　out　the　functions　assigned　to　it　by　this　Agreement。　The　General　Council　shall　establish　its　rules　of　procedure　and　approve　the　rules　of　procedure　for　the　mittees　provided　for　in　paragraph　7。

3。　The　General　Council　shall　convene　as　appropriate　to　discharge　the　responsibilities　of　the　Dispute　Settlement　Body　provided　for　in　the　Dispute　Settlement　Understanding。　The　Dispute　Settlement　Body　may　have　its　own　chairman　and　shall　establish　such　rules　of　procedure　as　it　deems　necessary　for　the　fulfilment　of　those　responsibilities。

4。　The　General　Council　shall　convene　as　appropriate　to　discharge　the　responsibilities　of　the　Trade　Policy　Review　Body　provided　for　in　the　TPRM。　The　Trade　Policy　Review　Body　may　have　its　own　chairman　and　shall　establish　such　rules　of　procedure　as　it　deems　necessary　for　the　fulfilment　of　those　responsibilities。

5。　There　shall　be　a　Council　for　Trade　in　Goods；　a　Council　for　Trade　in　Services　and　a　Council　for　Trade…Related　Aspects　of　Intellectual　Property　Rights　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　the　〃Council　for　TRIPS〃）；　which　shall　operate　under　the　general　guidance　of　the　General　Council。　The　Council　for　Trade　in　Goods　shall　oversee　the　functioning　of　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　in　Annex　1A。　The　Council　for　Trade　in　Services　shall　oversee　the　functioning　of　the　General　Agreement　on　Trade　in　Services　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　〃GATS〃）。　The　Council　for　TRIPS　shall　oversee　the　functioning　of　the　Agreement　on　Trade…Related　Aspects　of　Intellectual　Property　Rights　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　the　〃Agreement　on　TRIPS〃）。　These　Councils　shall　carry　out　the　functions　assigned　to　them　by　their　respective　agreements　and　by　the　General　Council。　They　shall　establish　their　respective　rules　of　procedure　subject　to　the　approval　of　the　General　Council。　Membership　in　these　Councils　shall　be　open　to　representatives　of　all　Members。　These　Councils　shall　meet　as　necessary　to　carry　out　their　functions。

6。　The　Council　for　Trade　in　Goods；　the　Council　for　Trade　in　Services　and　the　Council　for　TRIPS　shall　establish　subsidiary　bodies　as　required。　These　subsidiary　bodies　shall　establish　their　respective　rules　of　procedure　subject　to　the　approval　of　their　respective　Councils。

7。　The　Ministerial　Conference　shall　establish　a　mittee　on　Trade　and　Development；　a　mittee　on　Balance…of…Payments　Restrictions　and　a　mittee　on　Budget；　Finance　and　Administration；　which　shall　carry　out　the　functions　assigned　to　them　by　this　Agreement　and　by　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements；　and　any　additional　functions　assigned　to　them　by　the　General　Council；　and　may　establish　such　additional　mittees　with　such　functions　as　it　may　deem　appropriate。　As　part　of　its　functions；　the　mittee　on　Trade　and　Development　shall　periodically　review　the　special　provisions　in　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　in　favour　of　the　least…developed　country　Members　and　report　to　the　General　Council　for　appropriate　action。　Membership　in　these　mittees　shall　be　open　to　representatives　of　all　Members。

8。　The　bodies　provided　for　under　the　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreements　shall　carry　out　the　functions　assigned　to　them　under　those　Agreements　and　shall　operate　within　the　institutional　framework　of　the　WTO。　These　bodies　shall　keep　the　General　Council　informed　of　their　activities　on　a　regular　basis。


Article　V

Relations　with　Other　Organizations

1。　The　General　Council　shall　make　appropriate　arrangements　for　effective　cooperation　with　other　intergovernmental　organizations　that　have　responsibilities　related　to　those　of　the　WTO。

2。　The　General　Council　may　make　appropriate　arrangements　for　consultation　and　cooperation　with　non…governmental　organizations　concerned　with　matters　related　to　those　of　the　WTO。


Article　VI

The　Secretariat

1。　There　shall　be　a　Secretariat　of　the　WTO　（hereinafter　referred　to　as　_the　Secretariat_）　headed　by　a　Director…General。

2。　The　Ministerial　Conference　shall　appoint　the　Director…General　and　adopt　regulations　setting　out　the　powers；　duties；　conditions　of　service　and　term　of　office　of　the　Director…General。

3。　The　Director…General　shall　appoint　the　members　of　the　staff　of　the　Secretariat　and　determine　their　duties　and　conditions　of　service　in　accordance　with　regulations　adopted　by　the　Ministerial　Conference。

4。　The　responsibilities　of　the　Director…General　and　of　the　staff　of　the　Secretariat　shall　be　exclusively　international　in　character。　In　the　discharge　of　their　duties；　the　Director…General　and　the　staff　of　the　Secretariat　shall　not　seek　or　accept　instructions　from　any　government　or　any　other　authority　external　to　the　WTO。　They　shall　refrain　from　any　action　which　might