medical essays-第24章
按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页，按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页，按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部！
————未阅读完？加入书签已便下次继续阅读！
Again； on looking into the 〃 Encyclographie des Sciences Medicales 〃 for April； 1840； I find a work entitled 〃 Manual of HYDROSUDOPATHY； or the Treatment of Diseases by Cold Water； etc。； etc。； by Dr。 Bigel； Physician of the School of Strasburg； Member of the Medico… Chirurgical Institute of Naples； of the Academy of St。 Petersburg； Assessor of the College of the Empire of Russia； Physician of his late Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Constantine； Chevalier of the Legion of Honor； etc。〃 Hydrosudopathy or Hydropathy； as it is sometimes called； is a new medical doctrine or practice which has sprung up in Germany since Homoeopathy； which it bids fair to drive out of the market； if； as Dr。 Bigel says； fourteen physicians afflicted with diseases which defied themselves and their colleagues came to Graefenberg； in the year 1836 alone； and were cured。 Now Dr。 Bigel； 〃whose elevated reputation is well known in Europe；〃 writes as follows： 〃The reader will not fail to see in this defence of the curative method of Graefenberg a profession of medical faith； and he will be correct in so doing。〃 And his work closes with the following sentence； worthy of so distinguished an individual： 〃We believe； with religion； that the water of baptism purifies the soul from its original sin； let us believe also； with experience； that it is for our corporeal sins the redeemer of the human body。〃 If Bigel； Physician to the late Grand Duke Constantine； is identical with Bigel whom the 〃Examiner〃 calls Physician to the Emperor of Russia； it appears that he is now actively engaged in throwing cold water at once upon his patients and the future prospects of Homoeopathy。
If； as must be admitted； no one of Hahnemann's doctrines is received with tolerable unanimity among his disciples； except the central axiom； Similia similibus curantur； if this axiom itself relies mainly for its support upon the folly and trickery of Hahnemann； what can we think of those who announce themselves ready to relinquish all the accumulated treasures of our art； to trifle with life upon the strength of these fantastic theories？ What shall we think of professed practitioners of medicine； if； in the words of Jahr； 〃from ignorance； for their personal convenience； or through charlatanism； they treat their patients one day Homoeopathically and the next Allopathically； 〃 if they parade their pretended new science before the unguarded portion of the community； if they suffer their names to be coupled with it wherever it may gain a credulous patient； and deny all responsibility for its character； refuse all argument for its doctrines； allege no palliation for the ignorance and deception interwoven with every thread of its flimsy tissue； when they are questioned by those competent to judge and entitled to an answer？
Such is the pretended science of Homoeopathy； to which you are asked to trust your lives and the lives of those dearest to you。 A mingled mass of perverse ingenuity； of tinsel erudition； of imbecile credulity； and of artful misrepresentation； too often mingled in practice； if we may trust the authority of its founder； with heartless and shameless imposition。 Because it is suffered so often to appeal unanswered to the public； because it has its journals； its patrons； its apostles； some are weak enough to suppose it can escape the inevitable doom of utter disgrace and oblivion。 Not many years can pass away before the same curiosity excited by one of Perkins's Tractors will be awakened at the sight of one of the Infinitesimal Globules。 If it should claim a longer existence； it can only be by falling into the hands of the sordid wretches who wring their bread from the cold grasp of disease and death in the hovels of ignorant poverty。
As one humble member of a profession which for more than two thousand years has devoted itself to the pursuit of the best earthly interests of mankind； always assailed and insulted from without by such as are ignorant of its infinite perplexities and labors； always striving in unequal contest with the hundred…armed giant who walks in the noonday； and sleeps not in the midnight； yet still toiling； not merely for itself and the present moment； but for the race and the future； I have lifted my voice against this lifeless delusion； rolling its shapeless bulk into the path of a noble science it is too weak to strike； or to injure。
THE CONTAGIOUSNESS OF PUERPERAL FEVER Printed in 1843； reprinted with additions； 1855。
THE POINT AT ISSUE。
THE AFFIRMATIVE。
〃The disease known as Puerperal Fever is so far contagious as to be frequently carried from patient to patient by physicians and nurses。〃 O。 W。 Holmes； 1843。
THE NEGATIVE。
〃The result of the whole discussion will； I trust； serve； not only to exalt your views of the value and dignity of our profession； but to divest your minds of the overpowering dread that you can ever become； especially to woman； under the extremely interesting circumstances of gestation and parturition； the minister of evil； that you can ever convey； in any possible manner； a horrible virus； so destructive in its effects； and so mysterious in its operations as that attributed to puerperal fever。〃 Professor Hodge； 1852。
〃I prefer to attribute them to accident； or Providence； of which I can form a conception； rather than to a contagion of which I cannot form any clear idea； at least as to this particular malady。〃 Professor Meigs； 1852。
〃 。 。 。 in the propagation of which they have no more to do； than with the propagation of cholera from Jessore to San Francisco； and from Mauritius to St。 Petersburg。〃Professor Meigs； 1854。
…
〃I arrived at that certainty in the matter； that I could venture to foretell what women would be affected with the disease； upon hearing by what midwife they were to be delivered； or by what nurse they were to be attended； during their lying…in； and； almost in every instance； my prediction was verified。〃 Gordon； 1795。
〃A certain number of deaths is caused every year by the contagion of puerperal fever； communicated by the nurses and medical attendants。〃 Farr； in Fifth Annual Report of Registrar…General of England； 1843。
〃。 。 。 boards of health； if such exist； or； without them； the medical institutions of a country； should have the power of coercing； or of inflicting some kind of punishment on those who recklessly go from cases of puerperal fevers to parturient or puerperal females； without using due precaution； and who； having been shown the risk； criminally encounter it； and convey pestilence and death to the persons they are employed to aid in the most interesting and suffering period of female existence。〃 Copland's Medical Dictionary； Art。 Puerperal States and Diseases； 1852。
〃We conceive it unnecessary to go into detail to prove the contagious nature of this disease； as there are few； if any； American practitioners who do not believe in this doctrine。〃 Dr。 Lee； in Additions to Article last cited。
…
＇INTRODUCTORY NOTE。＇ It happened； some years ago； that a discussion arose in a Medical Society of which I was a member； involving the subject of a certain supposed cause of disease； about which something was known； a good deal suspected； and not a little feared。 The discussion was suggested by a case； reported at the preceding meeting； of a physician who made an examination of the body of a patient who had died with puerperal fever； and who himself died in less than a week； apparently in consequence of a wound received at the examination； having attended several women in confinement in the mean time； all of whom； as it was alleged； were attacked with puerperal fever。
Whatever apprehensions and beliefs were entertained； it was plain that a fuller knowledge of the facts relating to the subject would be acceptable to all present。 I therefore felt that it would be doing a good service to look into the best records I could find； and inquire of the most trustworthy practitioners I knew； to learn what experience had to teach in the matter； and arrived at the results contained in the following pages。
The Essay was read before the Boston Society for Medical Improvement； and； at the request of the Society； printe
