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Chapter¡¡VI¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Repeal¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Missouri¡¡Compromise¡£




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He¡¡was¡¡reelected¡¡Senator¡¡in¡¡1853¡¡without¡¡serious¡¡opposition¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡had¡¡hitherto¡¡been¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most¡¡earnest¡¡defenders¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sacredness¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Missouri¡¡Compromise¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡had¡¡strenuously¡¡sought¡¡to¡¡extend¡¡it¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Pacific¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡1848¡¡he¡¡had¡¡declared¡¡it¡¡as¡¡inviolable¡¡as¡¡the¡¡Constitution£»¡¡¡¨canonized¡¡in¡¡the¡¡hearts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡American¡¡people¡¡as¡¡a¡¡sacred¡¡thing¡¡which¡¡no¡¡ruthless¡¡hand¡¡would¡¡ever¡¡be¡¡reckless¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡disturb¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡But¡¡events¡¡had¡¡moved¡¡fast¡¡and¡¡he¡¡moved¡¡with¡¡them£»¡¡adjusting¡¡his¡¡opinions¡¡to¡¡the¡¡advancing¡¡demands¡¡of¡¡the¡¡dominant¡¡wing¡¡of¡¡his¡¡party¡£

During¡¡half¡¡a¡¡century¡¡the¡¡people¡¡of¡¡the¡¡South¡¡had¡¡been¡¡in¡¡control¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Government£»¡¡but¡¡Nature¡¡and¡¡advancing¡¡civilization¡¡had¡¡been¡¡steadily¡¡against¡¡them¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡had¡¡won¡¡a¡¡brilliant¡¡victory¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Southwest£»¡¡but¡¡found¡¡it¡¡barren¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡only¡¡remaining¡¡territory¡¡in¡¡which¡¡they¡¡could¡¡hope¡¡to¡¡plant¡¡slavery¡¡was¡¡that¡¡stretching¡¡westward¡¡from¡¡Missouri£»¡¡Iowa¡¡and¡¡Minnesota¡¡to¡¡the¡¡borders¡¡of¡¡Utah¡¡and¡¡Oregon¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡wholly¡¡unorganized£»¡¡devoted¡¡mainly¡¡to¡¡Indian¡¡reservations¡£¡¡The¡¡plan¡¡was¡¡to¡¡organize¡¡this¡¡region£»¡¡embracing¡¡the¡¡present¡¡States¡¡of¡¡Kansas£»¡¡Nebraska£»¡¡South¡¡Dakota£»¡¡North¡¡Dakota£»¡¡Montana£»¡¡and¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡Colorado¡¡and¡¡Wyoming£»¡¡into¡¡a¡¡Territory¡¡to¡¡be¡¡called¡¡Nebraska¡£¡¡The¡¡final¡¡contest¡¡between¡¡freedom¡¡and¡¡slavery¡¡for¡¡the¡¡possession¡¡of¡¡the¡¡public¡¡domain¡¡was¡¡now¡¡to¡¡be¡¡waged¡£

The¡¡South¡¡was¡¡at¡¡this¡¡time¡¡in¡¡peculiarly¡¡favorable¡¡situation¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡right¡¡to¡¡recover¡¡runaway¡¡slaves¡¡was¡¡secured¡£¡¡¡¡Both¡¡the¡¡political¡¡parties¡¡had¡¡declared¡¡in¡¡favor¡¡of¡¡maintaining¡¡and¡¡faithfully¡¡executing¡¡the¡¡Compromise¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡people¡¡of¡¡both¡¡sections¡¡were¡¡in¡¡favor¡¡of¡¡maintaining¡¡and¡¡faithfully¡¡executing¡¡the¡¡Compromise¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡people¡¡of¡¡both¡¡sections¡¡were¡¡in¡¡favor¡¡of¡¡standing¡¡by¡¡their¡¡bargain¡¡in¡¡good¡¡faith£»¡¡the¡¡South¡¡enjoying¡¡its¡¡slavery¡¡and¡¡the¡¡North¡¡its¡¡freedom¡¡in¡¡peace¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡is¡¡no¡¡apparent¡¡reason¡¡why¡¡this¡¡could¡¡not¡¡have¡¡lasted¡¡for¡¡many¡¡years¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡the¡¡South¡¡could¡¡not¡¡rest¡¡easy¡¡under¡¡the¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡increasing¡¡hostility¡¡to¡¡slavery¡¡and¡¡wanted¡¡to¡¡entrench¡¡it¡¡more¡¡strongly¡¡against¡¡assault¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡would¡¡like¡¡more¡¡Senators¡¡and¡¡was¡¡ready¡¡to¡¡stake¡¡everything¡¡on¡¡the¡¡capture¡¡of¡¡this¡¡last¡¡territory¡¡out¡¡of¡¡which¡¡new¡¡States¡¡could¡¡be¡¡carved¡£

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