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s¡¡read¡¡from¡¡were¡¡local¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡We¡¡at¡¡last¡¡met¡¡together¡¡in¡¡1856¡¡from¡¡all¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡State¡¡and¡¡agreed¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡common¡¡platform¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡We¡¡agreed¡¡then¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡platform¡¡for¡¡the¡¡party¡¡throughout¡¡the¡¡entire¡¡State¡¡and¡¡now¡¡we¡¡are¡¡all¡¡bound¡¡to¡¡that¡¡platform¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡If¡¡any¡¡one¡¡expects¡¡that¡¡I¡¡will¡¡do¡¡anything¡¡not¡¡signified¡¡by¡¡our¡¡Republican¡¡platform¡¡and¡¡my¡¡answers¡¡here¡¡to¡­day£»¡¡I¡¡will¡¡tell¡¡you¡¡very¡¡frankly¡¡that¡¡person¡¡will¡¡be¡¡deceived¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡ask¡¡for¡¡the¡¡vote¡¡of¡¡anyone¡¡who¡¡supposes¡¡that¡¡I¡¡have¡¡secret¡¡purposes¡¡or¡¡pledges¡¡that¡¡I¡¡dare¡¡not¡¡speak¡¡out¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡Douglas¡¡says¡¡if¡¡I¡¡should¡¡vote¡¡for¡¡the¡¡admission¡¡of¡¡a¡¡slave¡¡State¡¡I¡¡would¡¡be¡¡voting¡¡for¡¡the¡¡dissolution¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Union£»¡¡because¡¡I¡¡hold¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Union¡¡cannot¡¡permanently¡¡exist¡¡half¡¡slave¡¡and¡¡half¡¡free¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡It¡¡does¡¡not¡¡at¡¡all¡¡follow¡¡that¡¡the¡¡admission¡¡of¡¡a¡¡single¡¡slave¡¡State¡¡will¡¡permanently¡¡fix¡¡the¡¡character¡¡and¡¡establish¡¡this¡¡as¡¡a¡¡universal¡¡slave¡¡Nation¡£¡¨

In¡¡March£»¡¡1856£»¡¡Douglas£»¡¡speaking¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Senate¡¡upon¡¡an¡¡article¡¡published£»¡¡apparently¡¡by¡¡authority£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Washington¡¡Union£»¡¡the¡¡organ¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Administration£»¡¡charged¡¡a¡¡conspiracy¡¡between¡¡the¡¡President£»¡¡his¡¡cabinet¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Lecompton¡¡Convention¡¡to¡¡establish¡¡the¡¡proposition¡¡that¡¡all¡¡State¡¡laws¡¡and¡¡Constitutions£»¡¡which¡¡prohibited¡¡the¡¡citizens¡¡of¡¡one¡¡State¡¡from¡¡settling¡¡in¡¡another¡¡with¡¡their¡¡slave¡¡property£»¡¡were¡¡violations¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Constitution¡¡of¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡declared¡¡that¡¡a¡¡fatal¡¡blow¡¡was¡¡being¡¡struck¡¡at¡¡the¡¡sovereignty¡¡of¡¡the¡¡States¡£¡¡¡¡Charges¡¡of¡¡conspiracy¡¡were¡¡not¡¡entirely¡¡unheard¡¡of¡¡when¡¡the¡¡one¡¡was¡¡made¡¡at¡¡Springfield¡¡so¡¡sharply¡¡condemned¡¡by¡¡Douglas¡£

¡¨But¡¡his¡¡eye¡¡is¡¡farther¡¡South¡¡now¡¡than¡¡it¡¡was¡¡last¡¡March¡£¡¡¡¡His¡¡hope¡¡then¡¡rested¡¡on¡¡the¡¡idea¡¡of¡¡visiting¡¡the¡¡great¡¡black¡¡Republican¡¡party¡¡and¡¡making¡¡it¡¡the¡¡tail¡¡of¡¡his¡¡new¡¡kite¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡was¡¡then¡¡expected¡¡from¡¡day¡¡to¡¡day¡¡to¡¡turn¡¡Republican¡¡and¡¡place¡¡himself¡¡at¡¡the¡¡head¡¡of¡¡our¡¡organization¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡has¡¡found¡¡that¡¡these¡¡despised¡¡black¡¡Republicans¡¡estimate¡¡him£»¡¡by¡¡a¡¡standard¡¡which¡¡he¡¡has¡¡taught¡¡them£»¡¡none¡¡to¡¡well¡£¡¡¡¡Hence¡¡he¡¡is¡¡crawling¡¡back¡¡into¡¡the¡¡old¡¡camp¡¡and¡¡you¡¡will¡¡find¡¡him¡¡eventually¡¡installed¡¡in¡¡full¡¡fellowship¡¡among¡¡those¡¡whom¡¡he¡¡was¡¡then¡¡battling¡¡and¡¡with¡¡whom¡¡he¡¡still¡¡pretends¡¡to¡¡be¡¡at¡¡such¡¡fearful¡¡variance¡£¡¨

There¡¡is¡¡an¡¡interesting¡¡and¡¡well¡¡authenticated¡¡tradition£»¡¡perhaps¡¡too¡¡strongly¡¡established¡¡to¡¡be¡¡questioned£»¡¡that¡¡Lincoln's¡¡second¡¡interrogatory¡¡was¡¡designed¡¡as¡¡a¡¡snare¡¡for¡¡Douglas¡¡and¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡forced¡¡by¡¡it¡¡to¡¡proclaim¡¡his¡¡unfortunate¡¡doctrine¡¡of¡¡unfriendly¡¡legislation£»¡¡which¡¡gave¡¡such¡¡deep¡¡offense¡¡to¡¡the¡¡South¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡related¡¡on¡¡the¡¡highest¡¡authority¡¡that¡¡on¡¡the¡¡night¡¡before¡¡the¡¡Freeport¡¡debate£»¡¡¡¨Lincoln¡¡was¡¡catching¡¡a¡¡few¡¡hours'¡¡rest¡¡at¡¡a¡¡railroad¡¡center¡¡named¡¡Mendota£»¡¡to¡¡which¡¡place¡¡the¡¡converging¡¡trains¡¡brought£»¡¡after¡¡midnight£»¡¡a¡¡number¡¡of¡¡excited¡¡Republican¡¡leaders¡¡on¡¡their¡¡way¡¡to¡¡attend¡¡the¡¡great¡¡meeting¡¡at¡¡the¡¡neighboring¡¡town¡¡of¡¡Freeport¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡Lincoln's¡¡bedroom¡¡was¡¡invaded¡¡by¡¡an¡¡improvised¡¡caucus£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡ominous¡¡question¡¡was¡¡once¡¡more¡¡brought¡¡under¡¡consideration¡£¡¡The¡¡whole¡¡drift¡¡of¡¡advice¡¡ran¡¡against¡¡putting¡¡the¡¡interrogatory¡¡£¨number¡¡two£©¡¡to¡¡Douglas£»¡¡but¡¡Lincoln¡¡persisted¡¡in¡¡his¡¡determination¡¡to¡¡force¡¡him¡¡to¡¡answer¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡Finally¡¡his¡¡friends¡¡in¡¡a¡¡chorus¡¡cried£º¡¡'If¡¡you¡¡do£»¡¡you¡¡can¡¡never¡¡be¡¡Senator¡£'

¡¨'Gentlemen£»'¡¡replied¡¡Lincoln£»¡¡'I¡¡am¡¡killing¡¡larger¡¡game¡£¡¡¡¡If¡¡Douglas¡¡answers£»¡¡he¡¡can¡¡never¡¡be¡¡President£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡battle¡¡of¡¡1860¡¡is¡¡worth¡¡a¡¡hundred¡¡of¡¡this¡£'¡¨

Whatever¡¡may¡¡be¡¡the¡¡truth¡¡as¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Mendota¡¡conference£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡unjust¡¡to¡¡Douglas¡¡to¡¡say¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡surprised¡¡by¡¡the¡¡question£»¡¡or¡¡that¡¡his¡¡answer¡¡was¡¡a¡¡mere¡¡extemporized¡¡feat¡¡of¡¡ingenuity¡¡to¡¡meet¡¡an¡¡embarrassing¡¡exigency¡£¡¡¡¡Long¡¡before¡¡this¡¡and¡¡on¡¡many¡¡occasions¡¡he¡¡had¡¡announced¡¡his¡¡opinion¡¡that¡¡the¡¡people¡¡of¡¡a¡¡Territory¡¡could¡¡by¡¡unfriendly¡¡legislation£»¡¡in¡¡defiance¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Constitution£»¡¡the¡¡Supreme¡¡Court¡¡and¡¡Congress£»¡¡effectually¡¡prevent¡¡slavery¡¡among¡¡themselves¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡one¡¡of¡¡his¡¡most¡¡deliberately¡¡formed£»¡¡openly¡¡avowed¡¡and¡¡widely¡¡known¡¡opinions¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡incredible¡¡that¡¡Lincoln¡¡and¡¡his¡¡advisors¡¡were¡¡in¡¡doubt¡¡how¡¡he¡¡would¡¡answer¡¡the¡¡question¡£¡¡¡¡Whatever¡¡may¡¡be¡¡our¡¡view¡¡of¡¡the¡¡soundness¡¡of¡¡his¡¡doctrine£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡not¡¡just¡¡to¡¡the¡¡ablest¡¡debater¡¡and¡¡foremost¡¡statesman¡¡of¡¡the¡¡time¡¡to¡¡say¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡taken¡¡by¡¡surprise¡¡and¡¡driven¡¡into¡¡a¡¡corner¡¡by¡¡a¡¡question¡¡which£»¡¡as¡¡he¡¡was¡¡taken¡¡by¡¡surprise¡¡and¡¡driven¡¡into¡¡a¡¡corner¡¡by¡¡a¡¡question¡¡which£»¡¡as¡¡he¡¡said¡¡then£»¡¡he¡¡had¡¡answered¡¡a¡¡hundred¡¡times¡¡from¡¡every¡¡stump¡¡in¡¡Illinois¡£

The¡¡third¡¡debate¡¡was¡¡held¡¡at¡¡Jonesboro£»¡¡near¡¡the¡¡southern¡¡boundary¡¡of¡¡the¡¡State£»¡¡on¡¡September¡¡15th¡£

Douglas£»¡¡in¡¡his¡¡opening¡¡speech£»¡¡stated¡¡anew¡¡his¡¡now¡¡familiar¡¡argument¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Republican¡¡party¡¡was¡¡sectional£»¡¡threatening¡¡to¡¡disrupt¡¡the¡¡Union¡¡by¡¡its¡¡slavery¡¡agitation£»¡¡while¡¡the¡¡Democratic¡¡party¡¡was¡¡national£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡wholesome¡¡creed£»¡¡alike¡¡applicable¡¡in¡¡all¡¡latitudes¡£¡¡¡¡Lincoln¡¡and¡¡Trumbull¡¡had¡¡conspired¡¡to¡¡abolitinize¡¡the¡¡old¡¡parties¡¡and¡¡secure¡¡seats¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Senate¡£¡¡¡¡Lincoln's¡¡doctrine¡¡of¡¡the¡¡house¡¡divided¡¡against¡¡itself¡¡was¡¡examined¡¡and¡¡the¡¡implied¡¡threat¡¡emphasized¡¡that¡¡Southern¡¡institutions¡¡must¡¡be¡¡overthrown¡¡and¡¡a¡¡dead¡¡level¡¡of¡¡uniformity¡¡reached¡¡in¡¡order¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Government¡¡should¡¡stand¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡finality¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Dred¡¡Scott¡¡decision¡¡and¡¡the¡¡exclusion¡¡of¡¡negroes¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Declaration¡¡of¡¡Independence¡¡were¡¡insisted¡¡on¡£¡¡¡¡Much¡¡of¡¡the¡¡speech¡¡was¡¡devoted¡¡to¡¡the¡¡local¡¡and¡¡transient¡¡questions¡¡of¡¡Illinois¡¡politics¡£

Lincoln£»¡¡replying¡¡to¡¡the¡¡charge¡¡that¡¡the¡¡slavery¡¡agitation¡¡was¡¡the¡¡result¡¡of¡¡the¡¡aggressive¡¡attitude¡¡of¡¡Northern¡¡Abolitionists£»¡¡again¡¡insisted¡¡that¡¡the¡¡propagandists¡¡of¡¡slavery¡¡were¡¡the¡¡aggressors£»¡¡having¡¡attempted¡¡to¡¡change¡¡it¡¡from¡¡a¡¡local¡¡and¡¡declining¡¡institution¡¡and¡¡spread¡¡it¡¡through¡¡all¡¡the¡¡Territories£»¡¡removing¡¡it¡¡¡¨from¡¡the¡¡basis¡¡on¡¡which¡¡the¡¡fathers¡¡left¡¡it¡¡to¡¡the¡¡basis¡¡of¡¡its¡¡perpetuation¡¡and¡¡nationalization¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡The¡¡agitation¡¡began¡¡with¡¡the¡¡repeal¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Missouri¡¡Compromise¡£

¡¨Who£»¡¨¡¡he¡¡asked£»¡¡¡¨did¡¡that£¿¡¡¡¡Why£»¡¡when¡¡we¡¡had¡¡peace¡¡under¡¡the¡¡Missouri¡¡Compromise£»¡¡could¡¡you¡¡not¡¡have¡¡left¡¡it¡¡alone£¿¡¨

He¡¡quoted¡¡Douglas'¡¡speech¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Senate¡¡on¡¡June¡¡9th£»¡¡1856£»¡¡in¡¡which¡¡he¡¡had¡¡declared¡¡that¡¡¡¨whether¡¡the¡¡people¡¡could¡¡exclude¡¡slavery¡¡prior¡¡to¡¡the¡¡formation¡¡of¡¡a¡¡Constitution¡¡or¡¡not£»¡¡was¡¡a¡¡question¡¡to¡¡be¡¡decided¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Supreme¡¡Court¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡When¡¡he¡¡says£»¡¡after¡¡the¡¡Supreme¡¡Court¡¡has¡¡decided¡¡the¡¡question£»¡¡that¡¡the¡¡people¡¡may¡¡yet¡¡exclude¡¡slavery¡¡by¡¡any¡¡means¡¡whatever£»¡¡he¡¡does¡¡virtually¡¡say¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡not¡¡a¡¡question¡¡for¡¡the¡¡Supreme¡¡Court¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡the¡¡proposition¡¡that¡¡slavery¡¡cannot¡¡enter¡¡a¡¡new¡¡country¡¡without¡¡police¡¡regulations¡¡is¡¡historically¡¡false¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡Slavery¡¡was¡¡originally¡¡planted¡¡upon¡¡this¡¡continent¡¡without¡¡these¡¡police¡¡regulations¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡How¡¡came¡¡the¡¡Dred¡¡Scott¡¡decision¡¡to¡¡be¡¡made£¿¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡made¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡case¡¡of¡¡a¡¡negro¡¡being¡¡taken¡¡and¡¡actually¡¡held¡¡in¡¡slavery¡¡in¡¡Minnesota¡¡Territory£»¡¡claiming¡¡his¡¡freedom¡¡because¡¡the¡¡act¡¡of¡¡Congress¡¡prohibited¡¡his¡¡being¡¡so¡¡held¡¡there¡£¡¡¡¡Will¡¡the¡¡Judge¡¡pretend¡¡that¡¡Dred¡¡Scott¡¡was¡¡not¡¡held¡¡there¡¡without¡¡police¡¡regulations£¿¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡This¡¡shows¡¡that¡¡there¡¡is¡¡vigor¡¡enough¡¡in¡¡slavery¡¡to¡¡plant¡¡itself¡¡in¡¡a¡¡new¡¡country£»¡¡even¡¡against¡¡unfriendly¡¡legislation¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡takes¡¡not¡¡only¡¡law£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡enforcement¡¡of¡¡the¡¡law£»¡¡to¡¡keep¡¡it¡¡out¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡is¡¡the¡¡history¡¡of¡¡this¡¡country¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡subject¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡The¡¡first¡¡thing¡¡a¡¡Senator¡¡does¡¡is¡¡swear¡¡to¡¡support¡¡the¡¡Constitution¡¡of¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡£¡¡¡¡Suppose¡¡a¡¡Senator¡¡believes£»¡¡as¡¡Douglas¡¡does£»¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Constitution¡¡guarantees¡¡the¡¡right¡¡to¡¡hold¡¡slaves¡¡in¡¡a¡¡Territory¡£¡¡How¡¡can¡¡he¡¡clear¡¡his¡¡oath¡¡unless¡¡he¡¡supports¡¡such¡¡legislation¡¡as¡¡is¡¡necessary¡¡to¡¡enable¡¡the¡¡people¡¡to¡¡enjoy¡¡their¡¡property£¿¡¡¡¡Can¡¡you£»¡¡if¡¡you¡¡swear¡¡to¡¡support¡¡the¡¡Constitution£»¡¡and¡¡believe¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Constitution¡¡establishes¡¡a¡¡right£»¡¡clear¡¡your¡¡oath¡¡without¡¡giving¡¡it¡¡support£¿¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡There¡¡can¡¡be¡¡nothing¡¡in¡¡the¡¡words£»¡¡'support¡¡the¡¡Constitution£»'¡¡if¡¡you¡¡may¡¡run¡¡counter¡¡to¡¡it¡¡by¡¡refusing¡¡to¡¡support¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡And¡¡what¡¡I¡¡say¡¡here¡¡will¡¡hod¡¡with¡¡still¡¡more¡¡force¡¡against¡¡the¡¡Judge's¡¡doctrine¡¡of¡¡unfriendly¡¡legislation¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡Is¡¡not¡¡Congress¡¡itself¡¡bound¡¡to¡¡give¡¡legislative¡¡support¡¡to¡¡any¡¡right¡¡that¡¡is¡¡established¡¡in¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡¡Constitution£¿¡¡¡¡A¡¡Member¡¡of¡¡Congress¡¡swears¡¡to¡¡support¡¡the¡¡Constitution¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡and¡¡if¡¡he¡¡sees¡¡a¡¡right¡¡established¡¡by¡¡that¡¡Constitution¡¡which¡¡needs¡¡specific¡¡legislative¡¡protection£»¡¡can¡¡he¡¡clear¡¡his¡¡oath¡¡without¡¡giving¡¡that¡¡protection¡£¡¡¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡If¡¡I¡¡acknowledge¡¡*¡¡*¡¡*¡¡that¡¡thi

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