the origins of contemporary france-5-第68章

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…　（Orne；　canton　of　Alen？on；　Vent？se　22；　year　IV。）　　〃Presidents；

members　of　the　municipal　councils；　instead　of　arresting　the　refractory

priests　and　bringing　them　into　court；　admit　them　to　their　table；　lodge

them　and　impart　to　them　the　secrets　of　the　government。〃　…　F7；　7129。

（Seine…et…Oise；　canton　of　Jouy；　Pluvi？se　8；　year　IV。）　〃Forty…nine　out

of　fifty　citizens　seem　to　have　the　greatest　desire　to　profess　the

Catholic　faith。〃　…　　Ibid。；　canton　of　Dammartin；　Pluvi？se　7；　year　IV。）

〃The　Catholic　religion　has　full　sway；　those　who　do　not　accept　it　are

frowned　upon。〃　…　At　the　same　date　（Pluvi？se　9；　year　IV）；　the

commissioner　at　Chamarande　writes：　〃I　see　persons　giving　what　they

call　blessed　bread　and　yet　having　nothing　to　eat。〃



＇82＇　Ibid。；　cartons　3144　and　3145；　No。　1004；　missions　of　the

councillors　of　state；　year　IX。　…　（Report　of　Barbé…Marbois　on

Brittany。）　〃At　Vannes；　I　entered　the　cathedral　on　the　jour　des　Rois；

where　the　constitutional　mass　was　being　celebrated；　there　were　only

one　priest　and　two　or　three　poor　people　there。　A　little　farther　on　I

found　a　large　crowd　barring　the　way　in　the　street；　these　people　could

not　enter　a　chapel　which　was　already　full　and　where　the　mass　called

for　by　the　Catholics　was　being　celebrated。　…　Elsewhere；　the　churches

in　the　town　were　likewise　deserted；　and　the　people　went　to　hear　mass

by　a　priest　just　arrived　from　England。〃　…　（Report　by　Fran？ais　de

Nantes　on　Vaucluse　and　Provence。）　One　tenth　of　the　population　follows

the　constitutional　priests；　the　rest　follow　the　returned　emigré

priests；　the　latter　have　on　their　side　the　rich　and　influential

portion　of　society。〃　…　（Report　of　Lacuée　on　Paris　and　the　seven

surrounding　departments。）　〃The　situation　of　the　unsubmissive　priests

is　more　advantageous　than　that　of　the　submissive　priests。　。　。　。　The

latter　are　neglected　and　abandoned；　it　is　not　fashionable　to　join

them。　。　。　（The　former）　are　venerated　by　their　adherents　as　martyrs；

they　excite　tender　interest；　especially　from　the　women。〃



＇83＇　Archives　nationales；　cartons　3144　and　3145；　No。1004；　missions　of

the　councillors　of　state；　year　IX。…　（Report　by　Lacuée。）　〃The　wants　of

the　people　in　this　way　seem　at　this　moment　to　be　confined。　。　。　to　a

vain　spectacle；　to　ceremonies：　going　to　mass；　the　sermon　and　vespers；

which　is　all　very　well；　but　confession；　the　communion；　fasting；　doing

without　meat；　is　not　common　anywhere。　。　。　。　In　the　country；　where

there　are　no　priests；　the　village　schoolmaster　officiates；　and　people

are　content；　they　would　prefer　bells　without　priests　rather　than

priests　without　bells。〃　…　This　regret　for　bells　is　very　frequent　and

survives　even　in　the　cantons　which　are　lukewarm。　…　（Creuse；　Pluvi？se

10；　year　IV。）　〃They　persist　in　replanting　the　crosses　which　the

priests　have　dug　up；　they　put　back　the　ropes　to　the　bells　which　the

magistrate　has　taken　away。〃



＇84＇　Archives　nationales；　cartons　3144　and　3145；　No。　1004；　missions　of

the　councilors　of　state；　year　IX。　…　（Report　by　Fourcroy。）　〃The　keeping

of　Sunday　and　the　attendance　on　the　churches；　which　is　seen

everywhere；　shows　that　the　mass　of　Frenchmen　desire　a　return　to

ancient　usages；　and　that　the　time　has　gone　by　for　resisting　this

national　tendency。　。　　。　The　mass　of　mankind　require　a　religion；　a

system　of　worship　and　a　priesthood。　It　is　an　error　of　certain　modern

phi1osophers；　into　which　I　have　myself　been　led；　to　believe　in　the

possibility　of　any　instruction　sufficiently　widespread　to　destroy

religious　prejudices；　they　are　a　source　of　consolation　for　the　vast

number　of　the　unfortunate。　。　。　。　Priests；　altars　and　worship　must

accordingly　be　left　to　the　mass　of　the　people。〃



＇85＇　Peuchet；　〃Statistique　élémentaire　de　la　France〃　（published　in

1805）；　p。228。　According　to　statements　furnished　by　prefects　in　the

years　IX　and　X；　the　population　is　33；111；962　persons；　the　annexation

of　the　island　of　Elbe　and　of　Piedmont　adds　1；864；350　　Total；

34；976；313。　…　Pelet　de　la　Lozère；　P。203。　（Speech　by　Napoleon　to　the

council　of　state；　February　4；　1804；　on　the　Protestant　seminaries　of

Geneva　and　Strasbourg；　and　on　the　number　of　Protestants　in　his

states。）　〃Their　population　numbers　only　3　millions。〃



＇86＇　Roederer；　III。；　330　（July　1800）：　〃The　First　Consul　spoke　to　me

about　the　steps　necessary　to　be　taken　to　prevent　the　（emigrés）　who　had

been　struck　off　from　getting　back　their　possessions；　in　view　of

maintaining　the　interest　in　the　revolution　of　about　1；200；000

purchasers　of　national　domains。　〃　…　Rocquain；　〃état　de　la　France　au　18

Brumaire。〃　　（Report　by　Barbé…Marbois　on　Morbihan；　Finisterre；　Ile…et…

Vilaine；　and　C？tes…du…Nord；　year　IX。）　〃In　every　place　I　have　just

passed　through　the　proprietors　recognize　that　their　existence　is

attached　to　that　of　the　First　Consul。〃



＇87＇　Constitution　of　Frimaire　22；　year　VIII；　art。　94。　…　Article　93；

moreover；　declares　that　〃the　possessions　of　the　émigrés　are

irrevocably　acquired　by　the　republic。〃



＇88＇　Law　of　Floréal　29；　year　X；　title　I；　article　8。　The　member　also

swears　〃to　combat　with　all　the　means　which　justice；　reason　and　the　law

authorize；　every　enterprise　tending　to　restore　the　feudal　régime；〃

and；　consequently；　feudal　rights　and　tithes



＇89＇　Organic　Sénatus…consulte；　Floreal　28；　year　XII　（18th　May　1804）。

Title　VII。；　art。　53。



＇90＇　Roederer；　III。；　430…432　（April　4；　1802；　May　I；　1802）：　〃Defermon

remarked　to　me　yesterday；　'This　will　all　go　on　well　as　long　as　the

First　Consul　lives；　the　day　after　his　death　we　shall　all　emigrate。'　〃

…　〃　Every　one；　from　the　sailor　to　the　worker；　says　to　himself；　'All

this　is　very　well；　but　will　it　last？　。　。　。…　This　work　we　undertake；

this　capital　we　risk；　this　house　we　build；　these　trees　we　plant；　what

will　become　of　them　if　he　dies？〃



＇91＇　Ibid。；　340。　（Words　of　the　First　Consul；　November　4；　1800。）　〃Who

is　the　rich　man　to…day？　The　buyer　of　national　domains；　the　contractor。

the　robber。〃　…These　details；　above；　are　provided　for　me　by　family

narrations　and　souvenirs。



＇92＇　Napoleon；　〃Correspondance；〃　letter　of　September　5；　1795。

〃National　and　émigré　property　is　not　dear；　patrimonies　are　priceless。〃

…　Archives　nationales；　cartons　3144　to　3145；　No。1004；　missions　of　the

councillors　of　state；　year　IX。　（Report　by　Lacuée　on　the　seven

departments　of　the　division　of　the　Seine。）　〃The　proportion　of　value；

in　Seine；　between　national　and　patrimonial　properties　is　from　8　to

15。〃　…　In　Eure；　national　property　of　every　kind　is　sold　about　10　％。

off；　and　patrimonial　at　about　4　％。　off。　There　are　two　sorts　of

national　property；　one　of　first　origin　（that　of　the　clergy）；　and　the

other　of　second　origin　（that　of　the　émigrés）。　　The　latter　is　much　more

depreciated　than　the　former。　Compared　with　patrimonial　property；　in

Aisne；　the　former　loses　a　fifth　or　a　quarter　of　its　value　and　the

latter　a　third；　in　Loiret；　the　former　loses　a　quarter　and　the　latter

one…half；　in　Seine…et…Oise　the　former　loses　one…third　and　the　latter

three…fifths；　in　Oise　the　former　is　at　about　par；　the　latter　loses　a

quarter。　…　Roederer；　III。；　472　（December　1803）。　　Depreciation　of

national　property　in　Normandy：　〃But　little　is　bought　above　7　％。　off；

this；　however；　is　the　fate　of　this　sort　of　property　throughout

France。〃　…　Ibid。；　III。；　534　（January　1809）：　〃In　Normandy；　investments

on　patrimonial　property　bring　only　3　％。；　while　State　property　brings　5

％。　〃　…　Moniteur　（January　4；　1825）。　Report　of　M。　de　Martignac：　〃The

confiscated　property　of　the　emigrés　finds　its　purchasers　with

difficulty；　and　its　commercial　value　is　not　in　proportion　to　its　real

value。〃　…　Duclosonge；　former　inspector　of　domains；　〃Moyens　de　porter

les　domaines　nationaux　à　la　valeur　des　biens　patrimoniaux；〃　p。7。

〃Since　1815；　national　property　has　generally　been　bought　at　a　rate　of

income　of　3　％。　or；　at　the　most；　4　％。　The　difference　for　this　epoch　is

accordingly　one…fifth；　and　even　two…fifths。〃



＇93＇　Treaty　between　the　Pope　and　the　French　government；　July　'5；　1801。

Ratifications　exchanged　Se